Gascon

The Gascon is a dialectal variety of the Langue of oc or Occitan sometimes considered as a Langue with whole share within a linguistic group " occitano-roman". It is the vernacular Language of the Gascogne and the Béarn.

Presentation

The words “ Gascon ” and “ Basque ” have the same etymological origin : Vascon (it should be noted that in Spanish, “Basque” is written vasco ). Gascon is an adaptation Gallo-Roman E of a Prononciation Germanique Waskon .

The singularities of the Gascon caused Débat S at the Linguiste S: the majority of them estimates that the Gascon formed integral part of the Occitan, but regularly of the Linguiste S show that it is about a Langue distinct from the dialects known as Occitan S, while belonging to the same linguistic group as those and than the Catalan. In fact, there exist much more distinctive features between the Gascon and the Languedocien which enters this last and the Catalan, regarded generally today as a language independent of the Occitan. At all events, the Gascon cultural movements assert, for the moment, almost all their membership of the Occitan. But it is here about a situation which developed especially in the absence of an autonomous Gascon movement as of the XIXe century and one can affirm that good number of assertions and debates on these questions hold often more of the dogma and the ideology that science.

One partly explains the specific features of the Gascon by the Substrat of the Aquitain, an old language near to the Basque, spoken in Gascogne before Latinization. According to the linguists, the Gascon would be Occitan or Latin spoken by Bascophones. Indeed,

  • Jules César described, in “the War of Gaules”, the linguistic and ethnic originality of the Aquitanian , also named Vascons. This same word (Vascon) gave the words Basque and Gascon.
  • scarcity, even the absence, of words starting with R and F (replaced by “arr-” and “H”) out of Basque and Gascon. Gascon typology and etymology.
  • the identical traditional sociological structure with the right of Seniority and the importance of the house.
According to a recent study, the Gascons spoke already a proto-Gascon since the 6th century.

Since 1990, the Gascon enjoys a statute of official language in the Val of Aran (the Spanish Pyrenees, area Catalogne). The statute of autonomy of this valley known as in an official way and clarifies that the Aranais is a variety of Gascon and Occitan.

Areas

France

Departments in the zone of influence of the Gascon:

Spain

  • Spanish valley of the Valley of Aran, in the North-West of the Catalonia.
  • there existed, in the past, of the Gascon colonies in the Basque Country Spanish (Gascon Colonies in the Basque Country): Saint-Sebastien/Donostia, Fontarabie, Pasajes.

Cartography


Varieties of the Gascon

The Aragonese, spoken in the Province about Huesca, has certain affinities with the Gascon.

Examples

Internal bonds

External bonds

Dictionaries

  • dictionary gascon→français and français→gascon
  • Another dictionary gascon→français, with files its to listen to the pronunciation
  • Another dictionary gascon→français
  • Différents bonds in connection with the Gascon

Others

  • the teaching of the occitan and the Basque in Aquitaine
  • Cap' òc: Teaching unit of Animation in Occitan, based in Pau
  • Gascon Lanas (IEO Moors) and Per Noste (IEO Yrénées-Atlantiques)
  • Dictionary French-inhabitant of Béarn with pronunciation
  • Institute inhabitant of Béarn and Gascon: defense of the language inhabitant of Béarn and Gascon
  • DiGam, Diccionari deu Gascon Modèrn
  • Gasconha.com, site of the Gascon identity

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