Friedrich Engels

Friedrich Engels (Barmen today Wuppertal, November 28th 1820 - London, August 5th 1895) was a Philosophe and theorist German Socialiste , large friend of Karl Marx.

Biography

It is resulting from a family of industrialists, his father had made fortune in the industry of the textile. It must leave the college of Elberfeld for reasons of family in 1838. While working as clerk in a business firm with Bremen, it starts to study the Philosophie deeply. It particularly approaches the philosophy of Hegel, which prevails in the German philosophy of the time.

In 1842 it settles in England, with Manchester, and works in an industrial society where his/her father has interests. It is there that it publishes in 1845 the Situation of the working class in England .

The same year, Engels contributes to the newspaper Franco-German Annales , published and published by Karl Marx with Paris. After their first meeting in 1844, they discover that they share the same sights and decide to collaborate more narrowly. After Marx was expelled of France, they settle in Belgium, where freedom of expression is larger than in other countries of Europe.

In July 1845, Engels brings Marx in England. It meets Marie Burns, an Irish worker there, with whom it lives until her death. These women probably introduced it into the movement chartist, of which it meets some leaders like George Harney. Marx and Engels turn over to Brussels in January 1846, where they found the Committee of Communist Correspondence. The goal is to unify the Socialists of the various parts of Europe. Influenced by the designs of Marx, the League of right the, socialist organization, are transformed into Ligue of the Communists. On request of the League of the Communists, Marx starts in 1847 to write a lampoon based inter alia on the Principes of Communism of Engels. This work, finished in six weeks, is written so as to make the principles communist accessible to all. It is entitled Manifeste of the Communist party , and is anonymously published in February 1848. Because of the revolution of 1848, Engels and Marx are expelled in March of Belgium. They settle in Cologne, where they found a new newspaper, the Nouvelle Rhenish Gazette . Engels takes an active part in the Révolution of 1848, fascinating share with the rising of Elberfeld. It fights in the countryside of Baden against the Prussian (June-July 1849) like aide-de-camp of August Willich, the leader of a Free Body in the revolt of Baden-Palatinat. In 1849, Engels and Marx are constrained to leave the country and leave for London. The Prussian authorities has a presentiment of the British government to expel the two men, but the Prime Minister John Russel refuses.

In order to help Marx financially, Engels turns over to work with his/her father in Manchester, before setting out again for London in 1870. It is interested particularly in the Féminisme. He sees for example the concept of marriage monogamist like resulting from the domination from the man on the woman.

From 1864, it militates within the First International, until its dissolution in 1876. It publishes in 1878 Mr E. Dühring upsets the science (from which three chapters will be extracted under the title Utopian socialism and scientific socialism in 1880). After the death of Marx in 1883, it joins together its drafts to ensure the posthumous publication of books II and III of the work the Capital . He assumes also the edition and the translation of other writings of Marx. He works with the unification of the various Marxist working parties within the Second International.

He dies in London in 1895, without child.

In its writings, its Communist militancy , its work of publication of important texts of Marx, it remains for much a reference of the Marxisme. However, the publication by David Riazanov of the original manuscripts of Marx showed that Engels had modified the texts of this last before publishing them, by deteriorating the direction.

Works

Letters of Wuppertal (1839) * the Holy Family (1844) * the situation of the working class in England (1845) * the German Ideology (1845) * Proclamation of the Communist party (1848) * the war of the peasants German 1525 (1850) * Revolution and Contre-révolution in Germany (1852) * the anti-Dühring (1878) * Utopian socialism and scientific socialism (1880) * Dialectics off Natural (1883) * the origin of the family of the private property and the State (1884) * Ludwig Feuerbach and End of German Traditional Philosophy (1886)

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