Freiburg-in-Brisgau

See also: Freiburg

Freiburg-in-Brisgau (in German Freiburg im Breisgau ) is a city of Germany of 215  000 inhabitants (2005) ( Freibourgese ), located in the Land of Bade-Wurtemberg.

Freiburg-in-Brisgau of the prefecture of the Brisgau-High-Forest-Black district of is the seat, but does not belong to the district ( city-district ). At the same time Freiburg-in-Brisgau is the chief town of the district of Freiburg-in-Brisgau and of the area Südlicher Oberrhein .

History

Free city following the granting of a charter by the duke Conrad de Zaehringen in 1120, on the model of that of Cologne.

The city passed under the suzerainty of the Austria in 1368. The university was created with the agreement of the pope in 1457.

In 1679, the Traité of Nimègue gave the city to France. Louis XIV made it strengthen by the marshal Vauban.

At the time of the Treated of Ryswick, in 1697, the city returned to Austria. It still changed several times of sovereignty to become definitively badoise in 1806.

Almost completely destroyed by a bombardment in 1944 (except notable for the cathedral), the city was restored in an admirable way.

Freiburg was the capital of the old State de Bade, before the creation of the Bade-Wurtemberg in 1952.

Geography and climate

Located at the south-west of Germany, Freiburg experiences a strong development because of its attractivity near the German populations attracted by the framework of life offered by the city: to the foot of the Black Forest of which she is regarded as the capital, Freiburg makes it in many places possible to be found in the middle of the forest without same to have had to leave the city.

The city profits from a climate certainly semi-continental (hot summer with frequent storms, relatively cold winter, strong thermal amplitudes according to the seasons), but however relatively soft and sunny compared to some other German areas (approximately +1,5 to +2 degrees of annual average compared to the coldest areas located at the East and South-east). Ihringen (20 km in the west of Freiburg) besides is often named like the hottest city of Germany. Over one year, the difference in temperature is especially sensitive the summer, where the area of Freiburg east often one of hottest of Germany. The Black Forest extending on 200 km from north in the south and 65 km from west in is, as well as the Vosges located 60 km at the west of the city play also a big role in the climate. Freiburg does not profit from the Vosgean foehn protecting the plain from Alsace of precipitations, quite to the contrary. The plain of the Rhine offers a zone of penetration in the shape of corridor extending from Belfort to Karlsruhe, Freiburg being thus on the route of the storms during the summer (the most rainy season and most intense in term of precipitations, 170 mm for example were measured in the month of June 2007. This however does not constitute a record for the city. As comparison, the most rainy month ever recorded in Lille knew 113 mm) but also made astonishing for areas located so far from the coasts, of sometimes strong strong gales. Moreover, paradoxically, the heats days of summer offer (fact once again relief) little air volume displacement and a very tough and unpleasant moisture sometimes.

The city is in addition surrounded by forests and medium mountainss (470 m on Schloßberg in downtown area, 787 m on Roßkopf in the district of Herdern, 1284 m on Schauinsland to 12 km of the hyper-center). It is also on the Badische Weinstrasse or wine trail of Bade. The proximity of the borders Swiss and French adds to the dynamism of the city.

Economy

The city is strongly turned towards the tertiary sector and of research. Tourism also holds an important place to with it. It is also an important university center: the 30.000 students of the Albert-Ludwig Universität represent a big part of the population.

Sustainable development

The town of Freiburg was made a speciality of the problems related to the Sustainable development. It shelters one of the principal European factories of production of photovoltaic Panneaux and one of the turns of the downtown area is completely covered on a frontage by photovoltaic panels. The city also carried out inciting operations supporting the use of “soft displacements” and a pole of displacements was built. Near the station and of a station of Tram, it combines a carpark for particular vehicles, a carpark and a workshop maintenance for bicycles, a point of hiring of bicycles and a coffee in terrace.

The city sheltered a French garrison (French Forces in Germany) until the progressive departure of the French troops which was completed in 1998. The site of their old barracks (the district Vauban) is in the course of reconversion. The operation is regarded as being one of the first écoquartier S carried out.

Monuments

  • Cathedral ( Münster ) out of red sandstone (1200 - 1512), of Gothic style , remarkable blazing turn of Gothic style. The bell-tower shelters 16 bells, whose oldest, Hosanna , date of 1258 and are always used. 1200, one started to build around it without destroying it, it is thus Romance style before then Gothic after
  • historical Maison of the merchants (1520 - 1530), building rebirth sheltering the administration of the market, the customs and finances. Frontage and corbellings decorated with the weapons of the Habsbourg.
  • Old town hall (1557 - 1559), frontage painted (see also the town hall of Mulhouse)
  • New town hall (1896 - 1901), built on the basis of house double of the Rebirth, old university.
  • the city is famous for its Bächle (brooks) which traverses the streets of the city. A popular saying said that it (or it) unmarried which falls inside will marry with one (E) Freibourgese (E).


Culture and tourism

Museums

  • Augustinermuseum
  • Museum für Stadtgeschichte (museum of history of the city)
  • Adelhausermuseum für Natur- und Völkerkunde
  • Museum für Neue Kunst (museum of the new art)
  • Museum für Ur- und Frühgeschichte (museum of old story and contemporary)
  • Zinnfiguren-Klause
  • Freiburger Fasnetmuseum
  • Natural history musea-Bergwerk Schauinsland
  • pure tourist Attraction without relationship with Freiburg, the medieval museum of torture is place of the cathedral, are there talks various tools of torture medieval like a rest, wheels, a Cat-o'-nine-tails…

Public transport

Freiburg-in-Brisgau, like good number of cities in Germany, equipped with a mixing joint grid system is drunk and tram. Public transport Freibourgese is managed by a public limit company, the VAG Freiburg ( Verkehrs Aktions Gemeinschaft ). Most of the city, in particular the center, not being or difficult to reach conveys some, it can be interesting for the tourists to envisage the use of public transport at the time of their stay.

Plan of public transport to format pdf the site of the French VAG

Twinnings

Policy

Mayors ( Oberbürgermeister )

See too

  • Article of Cafébabel on the application of the ecological principles in Freiburg
  • Images and history
  • Site of the university of Freiburg
  • Freiburg-Home - English Freiburg

Simple: Freiburg

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