Frederic II of Mantoue

Frederic II Gonzague , in Italian Federico II Gonzaga , was a noble Italian born the May 17th 1500 with Mantoue and dead the June 28th 1540 with Marmirolo. It was the fifth marquis and 1st duke of Mantoue (area of Lombardy in Italy), titrated Frederic II, and marquis de Montferrat (area of the Piedmont), titrated Frederic Ist.

Frederic, oldest son of François II of Mantoue and Isabelle d' Este, is 19 years old when his/her father dies in 1519.

The youth of Frederic was at the very least animated because, beyond the life of court near an extremely loving mother, it had by twice leaving Mantoue for periods, long enough for a child, like hostage. It was first once the case in 1510, whereas it was only ten years old. It had to leave to Rome, at the court of the pope Jules II, where it remained until in 1513 in pledge of fidelity of his father, lieutenant with the service of the pope. Then, whereas it was fifteen years old, it left to the court the king France, where it remained of 1515 with 1517. These exiles were not obliged imprisonments but rather “stays”. It lived there completely normally, like a member of the court, and had the ocassion to make the meeting of the artists and men of letters more for the time. Itself made watch of its rich person culture and his education. In Rome, the painter Raphaël represented it in his fresco of the School of Athens and one can think that it also met Michel-Angel, Bramante, Pérugin and Sodoma. The king of France made him meet Léonard de Vinci in his castle of Amboise.

Of return of France, he was enlisted as Gonfalonier Church as his/her father had been it. In 1519, decrees to him the rank of knight of the Ordre of Saint-Michel of which he will resign two years.
later One of the feats of arms in which Frederic II took part, was the catch of the city of Parma then occupied by the troops of following the Bataille of Marignan of September 1515 and of the Concordat of Bologna of August 1516. The pope Leon X supported by the Emperor Charles Quint, wishes to take again Parma and Plaisance, considering them possessions of the Church. In August 1521, Prospero Colonna, généralissime of the united armies, assisted of Frederic II and the marquis de Pescara penetrates on the territory of Parma with an army of 1  200 men-at-arms and 18  000 infantrymen and besieges the city. At the end of August, the doors open but Colonna gives up, believer that the troops of the duke of Ferrare and that a French Army approached.

Through requests, his/her mother succeeds in obtaining from the Emperor the title of duke for her son. The April 8th 1530, Charles Quint came in Mantoue to decree the title to him. On this occasion, widowed Anne d' Alençon of the marquis de Montferrat, Guillaume IX Paleologist, proposed to the new duke the hand of his daughter Marguerite. After Jean Georges de Montferrat, his uncle, reigning marquis, it was the heiress of the marquisat and Anne wished, by this marriage, to reinforce Montferrat vis-a-vis the aimings of the duke of Savoy supported by France. The marriage was celebrated in 1531 and, in 1533, with died of Jean Georges, Frederic became marquis de Montferrat.

The years to be followed will be devoted to the pleasure of the patronage of Article Commandé in 1524 and put in building site in 1525, the Palais of Te will be completed in 1534 under the crook of the architect-painter Jules Romain. Corrège will carry out for Frederic the series of mythological paintings on the loves of Zeus: Antiope (Paris, Louvre), Ganymède , Io (Vienna), Danae (Rome, Borghèse Gallery), Léda (Berlin, Museum of State).

Frederic II Maria, the October 5th 1531 with Casal, with Marguerite de Montferrat (1510-1566). It was the girl of Guillaume IX Paleologist, duke of Montferrat and Anne d' Alençon. They had seven children:

  • François which will be the 2nd duke of Mantoue, titrated François III and marquis de Montferrat, titrated François Ier;
  • Eleonora (1535-1535);
  • Anna (1536-1536);
  • Isabelle de Mantoue (1537-1579), which will marry, in 1566, Don Shoeing Francesco d' Avalos d' Aquino d' Aragona, prince de Francavilla and of Montesarchio, marquis del Vasto;
  • Guillaume which will be the 3rd duke of Mantoue and marquis then 1st duke of Montferrat;
  • Louis which will marry, in 1565, Henriette de Clèves, duchess of Nevers and countess of Rethel, will be itself duke of Nevers and Rethel and will be the father of Charles which will take again the torch mantouan in 1627;
  • Federico (1540-1565), bishop of Mantoue in 1563.
One year after his mother, Frederic II is deceased in 1540, at age the 40 years, undermined by small the Vérole (variola).

See too

External bonds

  • Itis.mn.it : Federico II - Firstly duca di Mantova, Marchese del Montferrato
  • Sardimpex.com: Gonzaga - Marchesi E Duchi sovrani di Mantova
  • Genealogy.euweb.cz: Gonzaga family

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