Ernst von Dohnányi

Ernst von Dohnányi , also known under the name of Ernő Dohnányi , is a Compositeur, Leader and Pianiste Hungarian, born the July 27th 1877 with Bratislava (then called Presbourg) and died the February 9th 1960 with New York. He is the father of Hans von Dohnányi and the grandfather of Klaus and Christoph von Dohnányi

Biography

He discovers the music with his father, a mathematics professor also Violoncelliste amateur, before entering to the Académie of music Franz-Liszt of Budapest. He studies the piano and the composition with Carl Forstner, organist with the cathedral of Bratislava. In 1894, he becomes the pupil of Stephan Thoman for the piano and of Hans Koessler for the composition. He becomes acquainted with Béla Bartók, raises him too. Dohnányi composes during its years of studies a Quintette for piano in minor C which is widely diffused with Vienna thanks to the support of Johannes Brahms.

After some received lessons of Eugen d' Albert, Dohnányi makes his beginnings with Berlin in 1897 as a pianist and meets a great success. Celebrated like the successor of Franz Liszt, it occurs through all Europe, in particular with the Queen' S Hall of London. Also leader, it defends works of his contemporaries, such Béla Bartók. He goes to the the United States as a concert performer or to play of the Chamber music.

Joseph Joachim invites it to teach with the Hochschule of Berlin, of 1905 to 1915. Of return to Budapest, Dohnányi becomes organizer in concerts before being appointed director of the Academy of music of Budapest in 1919, then returned the same year for political reasons. It will find this station of 1934 to 1941.

In 1919, he becomes musical director of the philharmonic orchestra of Budapest where he plays Bartók as well as Zoltán Kodály without defending his own music. Among the pupils of Dohnányi, one can quote Géza Anda, Annie Fischer, Edward Kilenyi, Balint Vazsonyi, Georg Solti and Frank Cooper.

After the Second world war, during which it lost its two opposite sons - as him - with the Nazis, Dohnányi goes to the United States. It in particular underwent a denigration campaign on behalf of the new Hungarian government, from now on communist.

He teaches during ten years with the University of Florida and continuous to compose with an private interest for the American folk music and the jazz. Its last made up orchestral work in 1953, called American Rhapsody , is based on the popular songs One Signal off Old Smokey and I amndt has Poor, Wayfaring Stranger .

Principal works

“You can summarize the Hungarian music in only one person, Dohnányi” Béla Bartók

Following the example Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály, Dohnanyi took as a starting point the Hungarian folklore, but it is especially indebted influence of Johannes Brahms. It left in all 48 numbers of opus. ; Operas

the veil of Pebble , mime according to the work of Arthur Schnitzler, COp 18 (1909)
Aunt Simona , opera comic in an act, COp 20 (1912)
has vajda tornya (the Tower of Voivod), opera in three acts on a booklet of Viktor Lányi, according to Hans Heinz Ewers and Marc Henry, COp 30 (1922)
the tenor , opera in 3 acts on a booklet of Ernő Góth, according to “Bürger Schippel” of Karl Sternheim, COp 34 (1927)

; Vocal works

Mass Szegediner , COp 35 (1930)
Cantata Cantus vitae , COp 38 (1941)
Stabat MATER, COp 46 (1953)

; Symphonic works

Symphony in major F (1896, not published)
Symphony nº 1 in minor D, COp 9 (1901)
Continuation for orchestra in minor F sharp, COp 19 (1909)
Ruralia Hungarica (according to Hungarian popular airs), for orchestra and other versions for instruments, COp 32b (1924)
symphonic Minutes for orchestra, COp 36 (1933)
Symphony nº 2 into semi major, COp 40 (1944, revised in 1956)
American Rhapsody, COp 47 (1953)

; Works concerting

Concerto for piano nº 1 as a semi minor (the initial topic is inspired by the Symphonie nº 1 of Brahms), COp 5 (1898)
Konzertstück in major D for violoncello and orchestra, COp 12 (1904)
Variations on a children's song for piano and orchestra, COp 25 (1914)
Concerto for violin nº 1 in minor D, COp 27 (1915)
Concerto for piano nº 2 in so minor, COp 42 (1947)
Concerto for violin nº 2 in minor C, COp 43 (1950)
Concertino for toothing-stone, COp 45 (1952)

; Chamber music

Quintet for piano nº 1 in minor C, COp 1 (1895)
String quartet nº 1 in the major one, COp 7 (1899)
Sonata for violoncello and piano, COp 8 (1899)
Serenade in major C for trio with cords, COp 10 (1902)
String quartet nº 2 in major D flat, COp 15 (1906)
Sonata for violin, COp 21 (1912)
Quintet for piano nº 2 in minor E flat, COp 26 (1914)
String quartet nº 3 in the minor, COp 33 (1926)
Sextet in C for piano, cords and winds, COp 37 (1935)

; Works for instrument solo

Capriccios for piano, COp 2 (1897)
Passacaglia in minor E flat, COp 6
Four rhapsodies for piano, COp 11 (1903)
Studies in concert for piano, COp 28 (1916)
Variations on a Hungarian popular topic, COp 29
Passacaglia for flute solo, COp 48 nº 2

External bonds

Discographie supplements

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