Ecological Network

The ecological network is a theoretical concept of the Écologie of the landscape. It describes the complex made up by the sum (physical and functional) of the natural infrastructures. It is visible in our eyes (a valley, a river) or not (For example, the corridor of migration of a species of butterfly is invisible in our eyes, but it corresponds to an ecological reality. And it can be stopped by ex by a zone where insecticides kill it or where the luminous Pollution disturbs it.).

The United Nations recognized in Rio the crucial importance of the Biodiversité, then in the World summit of Johannesburg on Sustainable development the urgency of a restoration and sustainable development of the ecological networks, including for that in its plan of implementation of precise engagements “ In order to ensure the safeguarding and the durable utility of the biodiversity, to promote and support the initiatives in favor of the zones of richness biological and other zones essential for the biodiversity and to promote the installation of networks and ecological corridors on the levels national and regional ”, by adding the objective to arrive, from here at 2010, with a substantial reduction oferosion of the biodiversity (Europe aims, it to stop this erosion), and a concentration of the efforts to delimit new marine zones protected with the profit from fish and other forms of life marine.

Network multiscalaire

The ecological network is efficient on several space and temporal scales. It is indeed functional, as of the most local scales (ex bacterial network or of Mycélium of mushrooms), on the scales écopaysagères].
Ses representations necessarily often theoretical, is very coarsely simplified of it and simplifying, because it is an open system and of an extreme Complexité. It is probably the most complex system which one can find on planet.

The ecological network is never solidified, it is in dynamic balance. It evolves/moves with planetary scales during the million years to the liking of the continental drift, at the rate/rhythm of the glaciations and the biogeologic catastrophes. It structure in space and time, around the species which evolve/move and reproduce by modifying to them Environnement, and of the natural Infrastructures (valleys, littoral, zones or bands timbered, Lisière S and others écotone S which they consruisent and/or use to move (passively or actively), i.e. grid of biological corridors.

Installation and “ care ” of the territory

The ecological network starts to find translations political strategic with in particular a Pan-American ecological network (already to some extent threatened by a widening of the Panama Canal), and the project of the ecological Réseau paneuropéen ( REFERENCE MARK or PEEN (side-european ecological network). Before them of the projects existed in the old countries of the Eastern-European one.

They are projects of vital minimal network to be restored, protect and to manage the biodiversity durably, with scale pancontinentale, including the immaterial networks of migration of the birds, insects, fish, marine mammals, plants, mushrooms, etc the European countries must decline it the REFERENCE MARK with local scales in a national ecological Réseau to be protected. The ecological network paneuropéen rests on Natura 2000 which in the spirit of its originators was a network which was to connect cores representative of the European habitats by biological Corridors.

The importance and the urgency of its restoration and protection are exacerbated by the risk of Climate change and the fact that it is more and more fragmented by the activities and networks of transport infrastructures of goods, people, matters and energies (gas, electricity.)

See too

To see

national ecological Network . Elements of study of the zones of biological interest terrestrial and watery of national level and supra national coming from the regional contributions (IFEN, 2000. 22p.)

External bonds

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