Eastern Timor

See also: Timor (homonymy)

The Democratic republic of Eastern Timor , commonly named Eastern Timor (in Portuguese: Timor Ballasts ; in Tétoum: Timór Loros'ae ; in Indonésien: Timor Timur ) is a country of Oceania. The country is consisted of the Eastern half of the island of Timor - from where its name, of the islands of Atauro and Jaco and of the Oecussi-Ambeno, a Enclave located in the Western part of the island of Timor, surrounded by Western Timor under sovereignty indonésienne.

Originally Portuguese colony , Eastern Timor was annexed by the Indonesia in 1975. The country made secession in 1999 and acquired its full independence in 2002.

History

See also: History of Eastern Timor

Policy

See also: Political of Eastern Timor

The Head of the State of the Republic of Eastern Timor is the President of the Republic, which is elected with the Vote for all for a five years mandate and whose role is largely symbolic system, even if it is possible for him to put a Veto at certain laws. Following the legislative elections, the President names like Prime Minister the chief of the majority party of the principal coalition. As a chief of the Government, the Prime Minister chairs the Council of Ministers.

The Parlement of Eastern Timor ( Parlamento Nacional ) is Unicaméral, its members are elected for five years by the vote for all. The number of deputies can vary between 52 and 65, although exceptionally it counts 88 in this moment of them (2005), because it is about its first legislature.

The Constitution of Eastern Timor was built on the model of the Portugal. Because of its recent independence, the country is always building its administration and its government institutions.

The current president (elected on April 9th, 2007) is Jose Ramos-Horta and the Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão.

Legislative elections took place on June 30th, 2007 to which 14 parties or coalitions arised. See the composition of the Parliament.

The negotiations are in hand for the constitution of a new Government.

Subdivisions

See also: Subdivisions of Eastern Timor

Eastern Timor is subdivided in 13 administrative districts:

Geography

See also: Geography of Eastern Timor

Eastern Timor is located for its major part on half is island of Timor (of which some think that the etymology comes from the word Malayan timur which wants to say " est" , which is not shown), in the Archipel Indonesia N, and largest of small the islands of the Probe. The very whole island measures 30.777 km ², Eastern Timor by occupying approximately 15.000 km ².

The straits of Ombai and Wetar separate north from the island of the remainder of the archipelago of the Probe. In the south, the Mer of Timor separates Timor from the Australia. In the west the province indonésienne is Nusa Tenggara Eastern.

The country is rather mountainous. The culminating point of Eastern Timor is the mount Tatamailau (2 963 m).

The climate of the country is tropical and generally heat and wet, characterized by a Saison dries and a Rain season.

Dili, the capital of the country, is also more the big city and the principal port. The second city is Baucau, in the east of the island. Dili has the only international airport of Eastern Timor.

Economy

See also: Economy of Eastern Timor

Eastern Timor is one of the poorest countries in the world, so much in simple term of rough National product (approximately 400 million dollars in 2003) that GNP per capita (500$/hab.). The economy is still in phase of rebuilding following the destruction related to the occupation and especially the period of accession on independence: approximately 70% of the infrastructure of the country were destroyed by the associated troops indonésiennes and militia before their departure in 1999.

70% of employment are concentrated in the Agriculture, which produces only 43% of the national wealth. The Industrie is slightly developed (textile, transformation of the coffee), and employs only 5% of the workers, for 17% of the GNP. The remainder of the activity is located in the industry of the services, gathered primarily in and around the capital. Approximately 50% of the population were with unemployment in 2002 (that includes the under-employment), while 42% of the Timoreses live below the poverty line. Great hopes are placed in the exploitation of the oil reserves offshore oil rig, whose licenses provide already nearly 40 million dollars per annum. A conflict opposes it to Australia on the maritime borders (Timor Gap) and the exploitation of the reserves of the sea of Timor.

Demography

See also: Demography of Eastern Timor

Languages

The languages of Timor belong to 2 distinct families:

The Lingua franca and National language of Eastern Timor is the Tétoum, a language austronésienne with influences Portuguese are. The tétoum and Portuguese have the statute of Official language. English and the indonésien have the constitutional statute of " languages of travail".

The constitution be-Timorese in addition recognizes officially other languages, of which in particular:

  • the Galoli, the habu, the Kemak, the Mambae, which belongs to the same sub-group " central" that the tétoum (see Austronesian, Nuclear Timor, East);

  • the Fataluku, the Bunak, the Makasai, which belongs to the family known as " Guinée" trans-news; Languages papoues, spoken in the east about the country (see Trans-New Guinea, Timor-Alor-Pantar).

Culture

See also: Culture of Eastern Timor

Bank holidays of Eastern Timor take again the principal festivals Catholique S and the principal events of the fight for independence.

Others

See too

External bonds

  • Light Governo Timor - governmental Site

Beats-smg: Rītū Timuors Be-X-old: Тымор-Лешці Map-bms: Timor Ballasts Simple: East Timor Zh-min-nan: Tang Timor

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