Diplodocus

Machgielis Euwe , called max Euwe , born the May 20th 1901 with Amsterdam, Netherlands and died the November 26th 1981 with Amsterdam, is a player of failures Dutch. He is the first Netherlander world champion of failures, although he was amateur, contrary to several other champions.

He worked much with the service of the failures and he was the president of FIDE at the time of the match Spassky - Fischer. He was also a fertile writer, publishing innumerable handbooks, among which the Théorie of the openings is known in the whole world, without counting loose leves.

Biography

1901-1934

Euwe was four years old when his/her parents learned how to him to play failures. As from approximately 1919, it was one of the best players of the Netherlands. As from 1918, he studied mathematics in Amsterdam, briefly stopping his studies to be able to devote more time to the failures.

In November 1923, it did not obtain from it less its doctorate in mathematics ( cum laude ), and it became Professor mathematics. After having been trainee, it was during two years mathematics professor with Rotterdam in a modern college, then mathematics professor in a college of young girls in Amsterdam. In 1926, it prepared again near Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer, a constant thesis cum laude , entitled differential Variantes of two vector fields covariants with four variables . In 1929, it published an essay on the game theory of the failures considered from the point of view intuitionalist. The title was Mengentheoretische Betrachtungen über das Schachspiel .

From 1921 to 1935, it was without interruption champion of failures of the Netherlands, and worked much in its country with the service of the play of the failures. In 1928, with $the Hague, it gained for the first time the championship of the world amateur. In 1930 and 1934, it gained the great chess tournament of Hastings.

The world champion

In 1935, it disputed finally the championship of the world against holding, Alexandre Alekhine, and after 80 days victorious on December 15th was declared, with +9-8=13. The most famous part of this meeting is the 26e, known under the name of Perle of Zandvoort.

This world title of Euwe caused a great enthusiasm for the failures in the Netherlands, where many clubs were founded in 1935.

Euwe lost its title in 1937 against Alekhine. Certain specialists, after analysis of the parts, concluded that in 1935, it was in fact less strong than Alekhine, and better on the contrary in 1937. It is the méforme of Alekhine, fed inter alia by an alcohol excessive consumption, which was worth to him the defeat with the hands of Euwe in 1935.

After the war, it still took part in the Tournoi of the candidates of Zurich 1953, but finished only 14th and penultimate.

The database of Simbase failures includes/understands (in March 2004): 1697 parts played by max Euwe: +694 -459 =544. The percentage of victories is of 56%.

The writer

As player of failures, Euwe was known for its control of the opening S. It wrote many works among which a series on the openings, a series practical Leçons of failures and deliver it Jugement and plan. These books were abundantly translated. That which seems most known is perhaps that where the uncle Jan learns how with his nephew to play failures; for much, it was the first initiation with this play.

The professor of faculty

He did not neglect his physical condition and was Boxe ur of amateur. After 1950, it was devoted more to mathematics and the data processing which was being born. In 1964, he became professor of extraordinary faculty in methodology of the automatic treatment of information to the Dutch Institute of higher learning of Economy in Rotterdam and professor at the catholic Institute of higher learning with Tilburg.

The president of the FIDE

He was president of the FIDE of 1970 until 1980 and played a big role at the time of the realization of the match Spassky - Fischer for the championship of the world in 1972 with Reykjavík.

Euwe died at the 80 years age in Amsterdam. He had married Carolina Elisabeth Bergman. From this marriage had been born 3 girls of which Caroline Euwe, writer for children.

Posthumous homages

In his honor, one created the price Euwe-boxing ring, decreed every five years with a deserving player of failures. In 2001 a block of two stamps with its effigy appeared. Apart from the Netherlands, one also published stamps with his effigy in Mongolia and Yugoslavia. In 1982, in Amsterdam, the Center max-Euwe was created. To Amsterdam, it gave its name to the place Towards Euwe where, on May 7th, 2004, its statue was revealed, work of the artist Jose Fijnaut, and had on the initiative of the association of the contractors of the place max-Euwe.

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