Dijon

Dijon is a Ville of France, Préfecture of the department of the Coast-with Or and Chef-lieu of the area Burgundy. Its inhabitants is called the Dijonnais . In 2005, the population of Dijon intramurally was of 150.800 inhabitants according to the census of INSEE, which makes the 18th most populated city of it France.

Heiress of a rich person historical heritage and architectural, regional capital “with human size”, Dijon is also tourist, gastronomical and commercial, green city, with a tradition of intense cultural life. It is also a university town, businesses and congress and an economic center with diversified fabric, in particular in the service sector.

Geography

Situation

Localization

August 1st

Dijon is the Capital of the Area of Burgundy. Prefecture of the Department of Coast of Gold, it is located on the Coast of the Wines of so named Burgundy Route of the Great wines (Dijon - Beaune).

It profits from a privileged geographical location; it is located at 300 kilometers of Paris, 200 of Geneva and 180 of Lyon. It belongs to French the Autoritiers nodes (has 31, has 6…). It is bordered by these departments:

  • Nievre (58 - Nevers)

  • Yonne (89 - Auxerre, Direction)
  • the Saone and the Loire (71 - Mason, Châlon on the Saone)
  • the Jura (39 - Pares)
  • Aube (10 - Troyes, Nogent on the Seine)
  • the High Marne (52 - Chaumont, Langres, Saint Dizier)
  • the High Saone (70 - Vesoul)

Climate

Climate of Dijon oceanic east of the type with tendency semi continental .

The oceanic influence results in frequent rains into any season (with nevertheless a maximum in autumn and a minimum in summer) and a changing time. The semi-continental influence results in a thermal Amplitude monthly among highest of France (18°C against 15°C in Paris), of the cold winters with relatively frequent snowfalls and summers hotter than on the coasts, with at the time of violent one storms. It is this semi-continental influence which makes possible the culture of the vine in Coast-in Or.

Elementary climatic data

Temperatures

Transport and communications

The density of the highway networks and railway of Dijon allows easy and fast accesses to the principal European metropolises. Future station TGV Carries New should in the long term make it possible to serve still best the city and the construction of the Lino (western by-pass) will ensure an easier circulation to serve the periphery.

In terms of urban displacements, the municipality supports alternative transport with the car with the installation of a new network of bus in 2004 (Divia), the multiplication of cycle ways and the progressive pietonisation of the streets of the downtown area.

Topography

Dijon is crossed primarily by the Canal of Burgundy and two natural rivers: the Ouche and the Suzon, this last being today underground in urban area. Grooves which passes by the garden of the Arquebus is also thrown in the Ouche.

One of the characteristics topographic of the agglomeration is that it developed with the point of meeting of three entitées geographical quite distinct:

  • With the Southern, the Coast-with Or which extends from Dijon with Beaune on 80 km, glaze of vineyards whose sheets take a color gilded in Automne, which inspired the poetic name of the department of the Coast-with Or in 1790. It is along this coast, of Dijon until the south of Beaune, which passes celebrates it Route of the Great wines.

  • With the Western, extends the plate, first buttress of the plates Burgundian limestones. Altitude varies from 350 to 500 Mr. the plate is strewn with many Vallée S narrow and deep called combes; most important is the valley of Ouche in the North-East of the plate. Residual hillocks, or tasselots, are detached some: the boroughs of Bruising and Fountain-the-Dijon were built there.

  • With the Is, takes shape the starter of the Plaine of the the Saone. Altitude varies from 170 to 240 Mr. topography is soft, in spite of some Collines which deteriorates the landscape with in particular a projection resulting from the plates langrois which underlines the outlet of Suzon in the plain in north, and in the east the hills from Saint-Apollinaire and Montmuzard.

Urban morphology

Districts

The disadvantaged districts of Grésilles and the Fountain of Ouche are currently redrawn. The district Junot, old military influence, accommodates today 600 new residences after a long phase of rehabilitation.

Localities and variations

  • Carnot

  • Fountain-in Ouche
  • Extremely of the Mound Bosom
  • Colombière
  • Combe with the Snake
  • Fleece-of Gold
  • Bourroches
  • Gènois
  • Marc-of Gold
  • Poussots
  • Péjoces
  • Valendons
  • Mirande
  • Montchapet
  • Montmuzard
  • Carry-New
  • Saint-Exupéry

Sporting infrastructures

The sportsmen are not remains about it with the many infrastructures, stages, gymnasia, courts of tennis, swimming pools - of which soon an Olympique swimming pool - skating rink, bowlings, course of health in the perish-urban parks, Road racing set of Dijon-Prenois, golfs or centers horse. Places of drive and competition to the height of the scores of the Dijoneses, that it is in football with the DFCO, tennis shoe with the JDA, handball with the CDB but also in gym, in hockey with the CPHD, athletics… This passion for the sport even resulted in the third place of the city to the classification of the most sporting cities of France establishes by the Team magazine

Structure

August 1st

Town planning

Housing

August 1st

Projects of installation

August 1st

Sports

The newspaper the Team, in her supplement of October 6th, 2007, classifies Dijon the 3rd French cities most sporting after Toulouse in one and Montpellier into two, drawing its pin from the play on the five topics which prevailed with the classification: the high level, the sport accessible to all, the equipment, will and the budget.

Demography

Strong from approximately 150.000 inhabitants, Dijon extends on 42 km ². The city exerts its influence on a vast space between Paris and Lyon. It evolves/moves and develops in the middle of an agglomeration of almost 250.000 inhabitants and a basin to life and employment to 320.000 people.

History

Heraldic

Weapons of the town of Dijon:

Of mouths, with the left chief: with the first of sown azure of flowers of gold lily and with a componée money edge and mouths, with the bandaged second of gold and azure of six parts and with a edge of mouths .

The weapons of the city were mouths lime pit until 1391, date on which was added the chief to the colors of the duke of Burgundy Philippe II Bold the.

When the city accepted the Légion of honor in 1899, the cross, without ribbon, was placed in the field of mouths. As from 1962, decoration was placed under the blazon.

Origins

The first traces of habitat would go up with the Neolithic (site of Lentillières).

Antiquity

One cannot speak about true city before the Gallo-Roman time. Located between cultivated plates and marshy plain of the the Saone, Divio would draw its name from a place crowned with the confluence from the Ouche and Suzon - perhaps with the site from current the Saint-Benign Cathédrale from Dijon.

Primarily trade and crossing point, the locality develops little and is surrounded by ramparts at the 3rd century. Gregoire de Tours describes it like a castrum with the solids walls, high in the middle of fertile grounds. It is relatively saved by the cruel invasions, sarrasines (8th century) then Normans (9th century).

The Middle Ages

With the surroundings, Clovis overcame the king burgonde Gondebaud in 500. Dijon was entirely destroyed in 1137 by a fire, then rebuilt twenty years afterwards. It became as from the 9th century the capital of the Duché of Burgundy.

Dijon knows one brilliant period under the four Valois dukes of Burgundy. It is the capital of the Duché of Burgundy, together of States which extend to the Netherlands. The duke Philippe the Bold one founds in Dijon his dynastic necropolis, the chartreuse one of Champmol, of which it makes to a hearth of Article the duke Philippe the Good rebuilds the ducal hotel and institutes the vault of his palate like sits about the Golden Fleece. The duke Charles Bold the fails in his fight against the king of France; he dies in 1477, letting Louis XI annex the duchy. The king makes build in Dijon a castle, with the site of the current Grangier place, to supervise the inhabitants.

Modern times

After the meeting of the duchy to the crown, Dijon remains the capital of Burgundy and the seat of the States of the province. In September 1513, the Suisse S come to besiege it and the governor Louis II of Trémoille can make them leave only in their promising 400.000 ecus. This unhoped-for delivery is allotted to the intercession of Notre-Dame of Good-Hope.

The Parliament of Burgundy, transferred from Beaune in Dijon, makes city a parliamentary city, where the noblesse de robe builds private mansions. After the Counter-Reformation, new churches and vaults of monasteries are built. A king of France, perhaps Henri IV, would have qualified Dijon of " city with the hundred clochers". The city knows a considerable marketing activity in particular related to the exploitation Viticole. The XVIIIe century is a new boom for Dijon, which accommodates in 1722 a university of right, that will supplement of other disciplines until the French revolution. In 1731, the city becomes the seat of one évêché.

Contemporary time

The Revolution makes pass Dijon of the row of provincial capital to that of chief town of department. Several remarkable monuments are destroyed: chartreuse of Champmol, rotunda of Saint-Benign; others are damaged, like Saint-Benign and Notre-Dame, whose gates are hammered. The Ste Chapelle disappears in 1802.

The exploitation of the coal and the Iron to the Creusot, the completion of the Channel of Burgundy in 1833 and especially the opening of railways towards Paris and Lyon in 1844 return to Dijon a certain economic importance. Under the Second Empire, the city starts to extend and to be modernized.

October 30th 1870, soldiers and mobilized try to defend the city against the Prussian . Without artillery, they must go to the end of the day. November 26th, 1870, Garibaldi, with the head of " the army of Vosges" , cannot take again Dijon and must make retirement. But, from January 21st to 23rd 1871, its troops defend the city successfully, and a flag poméranien is even taken on January 23rd. The " Place of October 30th " point out the courage of the combatants, and in 1899 the city receives the Légion of honor for its resistance.

After the war, Dijon develops by shaving its ramparts, replaced by grand boulevards. The castle built by Louis XI is destroyed during these installations.

One of the first air bases of the Air force (BA102 Georges Guynemer) is established in the suburbs of Dijon, the day before the First World War. This conflict does not cause damage in Dijon. The city takes again its rise in the inter-war period. Occupied in 1940 by the German army of the IIIe Reich, Dijon is released by the French troops the September 11th 1944 and leaves the test without architectural destruction.

The canon Kir, mayor of Dijon of 1945 to 1968, equips the town of an artificial lake. Under its mandate also creates for itself a vast university campus.

Economy

Four sectors are particularly well represented in Dijon, electric-electronics, mechanics, the agro-alimentary one, and chemistry-pharmacy. The creation of the “pole of competitiveness” Vitagora around the taste, of the nutrition, the food innovation and health, underlines the propensity of Dijon to set up projects of excellence at the real outlets. A dynamic and strategic step, resulting from a strong partnership between all the economic actors, the city, large Dijon and the university. The university of Burgundy gathers nearly 30.000 students. It is the first company in research of the area, which, with its 1.900 teacher-researchers, researchers, engineers and technicians, is able to intervene in the most various sectors. Other schools established in the middle of the city have a solid reputation international, Science Po Dijon (antenna of the prestigious Parisian school), the National Establishment of Agronomic Higher education of Dijon (ENESAD) and the 3Ecole Nationale Sup3erieure of Biology Applied to the Nutrition and Food (ENSBANA), both members of the Conférence of the universities, the 3Ecole Nationale Sup3erieure of arts and trades, the national school of the Clerc's Offices, the school of body of notaries, the national school of the Art schools or the national academy of music, dance, and dramatic art. These assets make Dijonese metropolis the first basin of life and employment in Burgundy. The establishment in 2005 of the Swedish sign Ikea underlines the attractivity of the Dijonese territory.

Administration

Political life

Mayors of Dijon (for more details, to see List of the mayors of Dijon):

Administrative cutting

Dijon is divided into 8 cantons:

Teaching

  • private College control of the Cathedral

  • College Henry Dunant
  • College of Lentillères
  • College of the Park
  • College Marcelle Pardé
  • College Roupnel
  • private College Saint Michel
  • private College the Arcades
  • College Carnot
  • College the Manor house
  • College Eiffel
  • College and private college Holy Joseph
  • College Charles de Gaulle
  • College Montchapet
  • College Simone Weil

Health

August 1st Dijon is a city where health is privileged. One finds there a SAMU, a CHU, several private clinics: holy private clinic Marthe, clinical Drevon, and others in the close agglomeration. One also finds in the new districts a medical pole.

Culture and inheritance

Tourist monuments and places

Dijon has the one of the first safeguarded sectors of France, with 97 hectares of listed monuments and remarkably preserved. Recognized internationally, its inheritance is of all times because the city preserves without ceasing innovating. The " Dijon" old man; or historical center preserves innumerable old houses, parliamentary hotels, middle-class houses but also more modest residences which give an incomparable charm to the streets of the center town. The creation of a sector safeguarded, the progressive repair of the majority of the historical residences and the development of a pedestrian precinct in constant extension since the years 1970, allow today the Dijoneses as with the one day old visitor benefitting from this rich person inheritance.

  • the Palate of the dukes and the States of Burgundy accommodates today the museum of the Art schools and the town hall.

  • the Saint-Benign cathedral, built in XIIIe and XIVe centuries, shelters in its crypt, only vestige of a Romance rotunda destroyed in 1792, the tomb of the martyr éponyme, evangelist of Burgundy. The building, formerly abbey, was surrounded by buildings whose the old dormitory of the Benedictines remains, which shelters the archaeological museum .
  • the church Notre-Dame, of XIIIe century, masterpiece of the Burgundian Gothic, is single in the French Gothic architecture. It shelters the statue of Notre-Dame of Good-Hope, old black Vierge. Its Western frontage decorates many Gargouille S decorative restored at the XIXe century by seven Parisian sculptors. The starter of its southern tower supports Jacquemart, clock with four automats. The vault of the very close Assumption shelters the Assumption of Jean Dubois, but is not opened with the public.
  • the church Saint-Etienne of Dijon is the oldest place of worship of the castrum Dijonese . Abbey of regular canons to the Middle Ages, cathedral in 1731, unused with the Revolution, it is occupied today by the chamber of commerce and the Rude museum.
  • Of old the Chartreuse de Champmol remains the well of Brace , carved by Claus Sluter at the end of XIVe century, and the gate of the vault.
  • the carries Guillaume , located Darcy place, is a vestige of the fortifications of the city. It was set up in 1788 by Caristie in the honor of prince de Condé. The rampart of Dijon left few traces unfortunately: the train passes on the old rampart known as " of Miséricorde". Street of the Hospital, one still sees (in quite sad state) the bastion of Own way, which constituted the south-western angle of the rampart; street of Tivoli and street Berlier, two sections of wall also are still preserved.
  • the Burgundian roofs original, composed of multicoloured glazed tiles, égayent several buildings of the center town (hotel of Vogue, Aubriot house in particular).
  • the church of the Sacred Heart of Dijon date of the years 1930.

Culture

Since 2001, Dijon works with a greater valorization and the enrichment of its inheritance. It is the case out of cultural matter. The city devotes approximately 25% of its budget to creation and the diffusion. The auditorium with exceptional acoustics, the 8 museums - entirely free - of which that of the Art schools classified 2nd of France for its funds, theaters and theaters, the structures like the Vapor, dénicheuse of new talents, the art galleries, the cinemas - soon new multiplexes -, the public libraries, the national academy of music, the parks and gardens - 745 m ² of greenery are 49 m ² per capita - and also recently a Zenith of 8000 places, a planetarium and a new media library interquartiers are as many elements which take part in the development and the richness of the city.

Museums

  • the ''' museum of the Art schools of Dijon ''' is installed in the Palate of the Dukes of Burgundy. In the " room of the gardes" are exposed the tombs of the dukes Philippe the Bold one and Jean without Peur, coming from Chartreuse de Champmol. The other rooms contain collections of painting and sculpture going of the Middle Ages at the time contemporary.
  • the ''' archaeological museum ''' occupies part of the old buildings of the Saint-Benign abbey and holds parts coming from the regional excavations. The Gallo-Roman concise collection and wood coming from the sanctuary of the sources of the Seine are of very first order
  • the ''' museum of the Burgundian life Perrin de Puycousin ''' contains reconstitutions of daily scenes and shops old. A part is reserved to the famous children of Dijon.
  • the ''' museum of sacred art ''', installed in the old church of Bernardines, present of interesting liturgical collections and a piece of masterly sculpture: Visitation, coming from the convent of the same name, now destroyed.
  • the ''' museum Magnin ''' occupies the old Lantin hotel. It contains a splendid collection of tables and pieces of furniture joined together by Magnin, a family of amateurs.
  • the Hard François museum , located in the transept of the old Saint-Etienne church, shelters the mouldings of various statues of Hard, and gives access to the apse of the church; one can observe remainders of old the castrum there, Gallo-Roman enclosure of Dijon.
  • the natural history museum of natural history is located within the botanical collections of the garden of the Arquebus .
  • the museum of mustard Amora.
  • the exposure Florissimo which takes place every four years, is the world appointment of the amateurs of flowers. Each exposure has a topic for which towns of France and whole world carry out compositions.

Theaters

The principal theaters of Dijon are a Zenith measuring 7.800 places to the maximum, the auditorium, a wonder in term of acoustics and interior design, which counts 1.600 sitted places and the large theater, built at the beginning of the XIXe century on the site of the Ste Chapelle. Many rooms of less size exist, like the Vapor (600 places approximately), the Midsummer's Day Square which occupies a closed down church, the Mansart Theater close to the university campus, Atheneum in the middle of the campus or the theater of Breaking into leaf. Private small structures cover moreover many styles of theater and music.

Cinemas

The town of Dijon counts 5 cinemas, plus one multiplexes in the agglomeration.

In the center town:

- The Darcy: 6 rooms

- the ABC (5 rooms) is a cinema which has as a specificity to diffuse programs for child.

- Olympia: In the past cinema Gaumont (6 rooms), repurchased by the group which has already the Darcy and the ABC. Closed for a few months for a reopening envisaged on December 5th, 2007 has multiplexed some of 10 rooms. This extension was possible thanks to the repurchase of another cinema located in the vicinity (the Large Tavern) closed since several years.

- Eldorado is a cinema which has as a specificity to diffuse films of art and test. Another specificity: diffusions in VO.

It Devosge, 5 rooms. Diffusion in VO

With Quétigny (in the Dijonese agglomeration): It Cape Verde is one multiplexes of 12 rooms, whose owner also has Devosge. August 1st

Public library

August 1st

Famous Dijoneses

Policy

Religion

  • Bernard de Clairvaux (1090 - 1153), holy Bernard, monk founder of the order cistercian of Clairvaux. It was born in Fountain-the-Dijon, whose his/her father was lord.
  • Jeanne-Francoise Frémyot, known as Jeanne de Chantal (1572 - 1641), founder about the Visitation.
  • Jacques-Benign Bossuet (1627 - 1704), writer and crowned speaker, bishop of Meaux (known as " The eagle of Meaux"), born in a house of the current Bossuet place.

Literature Philosophy

Art

architects

painters

sculptors

actors

musicians

  • Jean-Philippe Branch (1683 - 1764), type-setter, organist, theorist and harpsichordist, born street Valiant.
  • Yves Jamait (born in 1961), singer, author, type-setter of French variety. Homage to Dijon in the song éponyme returns.
  • Damien Saez, singer, type-setter of rock'n'roll and French song. It passed most of its youth to Dijon. The title I want from to go away would be inspired by the Lycée Carnot.

Science

Soldier

Sport

Gastronomy

  • Dijon wants to be a capital world of the Gastronomie, with its international exhibition and gastronomical which is held each year with the autumn, and whose country is host of honor and the BIAC (Biennial International of the Arts of cooking).
  • Dijon is the regional capital of one of the viticultural areas most known in the world, the Burgundy. It is however Beaune which is the capital of the wine of Burgundy.
  • Dijon is the capital of the mustard, whose quality is due on the ground Calcaire of the area, which produces particularly strong mustard Graine S. The Verjus of Burgundy, which enters the manufacture of the mustard of Dijon, also makes it possible to develop the gasoline and prickly seed.

Gastronomical specialities:

  • wines of Burgundy

  • the blackcurrant of Dijon with which is manufactured the Crème of blackcurrant.
  • the Kir (white aperitif blackcurrant)

Others

Twinnings

Fact in particular of its situation to the crossroads of the European Union, Dijon profits from a long tradition of exchanges:

See too

Internal bonds

  • List of the bishops and archbishops of Dijon

Education

Sport

External bonds

  • Town of Dijon
  • Tourist bureau of Dijon
  • Large Dijon
  • the Bestiary of the Public garden Henry Darcy, in 2004

Historical of Historical Dijon

  • of Dijon, photographs, biographies. + hotels, demonstrations, postcards. And the Forum.

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