Court
The word court (in Latin: Prætorium also called Prœtorium or Pretorium ) is drawn from the Greek praitórion meaning the “general headquarter”. The word can be heard under various directions:
Original directions
The Court was in the beginning the name of the general headquarter of the Roman Légion. The court was in fact the tent of the general-in-chief of an army; It draws its name directly from the first times of Rome where the Consul which ordered the army received the title of “Prætor” (in Latin: prætor ). The tent of this last was in a Roman fortification, a Castra or Castellum . The Préteur (“the chief”) was in the beginning the title given to the civil servant highest graded Roman République, but it became later a position subordinate of the rank of Consul. Under the République, it is in the court that the officers and the Licteur S charged were to protect the Consul S, or a detachment protecting the commander from the camp the close guard of the General was known under the name of cohors prætoriæ . These Praetorian is at the origin of the Praetorian Garde of the Emperor.It was also the residence of the governor of a province, the place consequently where it returned justice. Thereafter, one extended this expression to all Palais of King or prince.
Later, one gave the name of Court to splendid and luxurious the Villa S of the noble Romans. These splendid country houses during the imperial period were the vacation resorts of the Roman big families and where extraordinary expenditure was made.
Biblical direction
In the New Testament, prætorium refers to the palate of Pontius Pilate, the Roman Procurateur of Judaea. According to the New Testament, it is the place where Jesus-Christ was condemned to death. Jesus, right before his Crucifixion, was taken along “in the interior of the court, i.e. in the court”.
Legal direction
The term is still used to indicate the rooms of justice, in the places where it is returned, even if it is not any more any official. Today this place indicates the “courtroom” of a court. The term is drawn from the Roman law where justice was returned by the prætor . By extension the word is used to indicate the building of the court as in the popular expression “running the courts”.It indicates also the disciplinary commission and thus the Justice intern in the French prisons. It is acted in fact of a kind of administrative court internal to the prisons directed by penitentiary staff.
References
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