Cornique

Introduction

The cornic is a Celtic Langue insular (group brittonic) of the family of the Indo-European Langues. This language is spoken in Cornouailles (Great Britain).

There exists a Kesva year Taves Kernewek (Office of the cornic language) whose mission is to promote the cornique one. It should be noted that there exist today 3.500 English people in Cornouailles and in the rest of the world able to be expressed into cornic. There exist bilingual schools of the name of Dalleth , equivalent of the schools Diwan of Breton by immersion in Brittany. In July 2002, the cornic language was officially recognized by the authorities of the the United Kingdom according to the European Charte of the regional or minority languages - it is only the regional Langue recognized in England (note: the the United Kingdom is composed of the England, of the Wales, the Scotland, and the Northern Ireland).

One finds the cornique one in proper names (patronyms and Toponyme S) and certain words of the English speech of Cornouailles.

History

The population had been anglicized especially since the 16th century when the liturgy in English was imposed in 1549. According to the tradition, one dates the death from the last known, Dolly Pentraeth, commercial speaker of fish, in 1777, death making of cornic Dead language. Its last words would have been: “ Me vidn cewsel Sawznek! ” (“I will not speak English! ”). But it is supposed that she spoke a little English and that she was thus not the last monolingual speaker; it would be rather about certain Going Chesten, the famous last monolingual speaker, which died in 1676. And one testified the existence to speakers to cornic during the 19th century. The fishermen of the area continued to count into cornic until the Années 1940. One found a certain traditional use of cornic among the minors of the coal mines. But always it is that Dolly Pentraeth amounted among the last before the 20th century which were able to usually speak the language.

Since the beginning of the 20th century one endeavors to make revive the language, in particular in religious services, courses for adults or children (in some elementary schools and secondaries). Several hundreds of people thus acquired a certain competence into cornic, and thousands were exposed there. The literature into cornic does not cease growing; the literature into cornic renovated exceeds today in quantity that of cornic traditional. 1  500 people approximately are able to hold a conversation into cornic. Some speakers have even the cornique one like native tongue: they are the linguistic children of militants.

Orthographies

There is three Orthographe S modern which one awaits a possible reunification. The first ( Kernewek Unys or Unified Cornish, “cornic unified”) was regularized by R. Morton Nance, author of the first Dictionnaire cornic contemporary, and rests on the basis of the cornic medieval one. Two the other emergent one during the Eighties: one having for goal to represent the sounds of cornic medieval in a way phonetic ( Kernewek Kemmyn , “cornic commun run”), and the other fascinating for base the cornique one of the 18th century ( Curnoack or Modern Cornish, “cornic modern”). The poet Tim Saunders follows an orthographical system independent, but similar to those of Kernewek Kemmyn and the Breton one.

Grammar

Syntax is extremely close to that of the Breton. The phonetics of cornic is also relatively close to that of the Breton one, but more antiquated, near by certain aspects to the Breton vannetais. The vocabulary is distinguished more (but the vocabulary cornic is closer to that of Breton than is to it that of Welsh): there exists number of words which exist neither in Welsh nor into Breton, and of the loans to English (medieval or modern) rather many.

Examples

This table shows several words in Cornique with equivalents in Welsh and Breton. (other brittonic languages)

Example of text into cornic

(Beginning of the translation into cornic of the mythological text Welsh Pwyll Pendeuic Dyued. Orthography Kernewek Unys )

Pwyll Pensevyk Dyved O arluth war seyth keverang Dyved. Hag EFF ow tryga yn Arberth, there Ben-lily, whans O dhodho mos helghya. Year ran a' dyr has there vynna helghya O Glyn Cuch, ha' N Nos-Na EFF eth war hens has there Arberth ha back bys dhe Llwyn Diarwyd. Hag ena there fu year Nos-Na. Ha ternos, yn yowynkneth year jeth, sevel has wruk ha back dhe Lyn Cuch, rak dyllo there gun y' N cos. Y whethas year corn ha dalleth year helva, ha holya there helgun, ha kelly there gescowetha. Hag EFF ow colsowes orth lef there vagas-hel, there clewas lef nep bagas aral hag there nyns ens unlef, hag yth esens ow tos erbyn there vagas-EFF.

Hag EFF has welas lanergh y' N cos, O leven there gift. Ha side dheth there helgun dhe vyn year lanergh, EFF has welas carow arak year bagas-hel aral. Hag yn ogas dhe sandstone year lanergh, otena' N bagas esa war there lergh ow talghenna ynno ha' there dewla dhe' N dor. Ena will fyras there orth lyw year cun, hep predery has will vyras orth year carow. Hag a' N helgun oll Re welsa y' N bys, bythqueth ny welsa cun O unlyw gansa there. Ha' ga lyw O gwyn golow splan ha' ga dywscovarn O cough. Ha kepar LED derlentry gwynder year cun yndella there terlentry coughter aga dywscovarn. Gans henna EFF has gerdhas dhe' N cun ha chassya dhe ves year Re Na has lathsa year carow, ha worked there gun there honen war year carow.

See too

Be-X-old: Корнскаямова Simple: Cornish language

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