Comic

Comic means also " Comic " in English.

Comics is the term generally used with the the United States to indicate the cartoons. The cartoon having had evil to be made recognize like an art with whole share, the term has a connotation of illustrated for child in the United States, which involved the creation of other terms like " graphic novel". This last is disputed as being pretentious. In France, the " term; comics" appeared rather recently. The " term; bandage dessinée" was used. In the Eighties, editors started to employ the " term; comics" , initially for riper works which were not in the superman kind, then to qualify the superman kind so that the term almost became synonymous with " cartoon the superone; , this kind being the prevalent kind in the United States. Indeed, the cartoons of Disney or those of the newspapers are seldom or ever called " comics" although being American. With the arrival of the Japanese cartoons, called " manga" , the tendency consisting in calling " comics" the American cartoon was reinforced.

One can classify the comics in two categories:

the Comic strip S, composed of only some boxes generally telling a short humorous history, sometimes an adventure, in the form of serial; the comic strips are published in the press (daily newspapers, weekly magazines…).
the comic books , composed of several tens of pages telling a developed history. Even if all the kinds are represented (western, science fiction, whodunnit, biography…), most known are those putting in scene Super-héros. They are generally published in generally monthly booklets, but are the subject sometimes of Romance graphs. The concepts of divided universe and continuity are important for the comics of the large editors (cd. Comics and Marvel Comics in particular, two editors who dominate the market) whose characters divide the same universe and this since several tens of years, which poses problems of coherence and evolution of the characters. There exist several types of comic books the such comic mainstream and the comic underground.

Cultural differences

the comics leave in the form of booklet stitched on a regular basis (monthly), and ask for the implication of various artists to leave in times: very often, there is a scenario writer, a draftsman, inking, a lettror, a colourist. The European album does not exist nor the prepublication in magazine.
the characters and the series do not belong to the creators, but to the editors. Except if the author car-publishes himself or if it is arranged with the editor to hold the right of his series, which is not the standard. It is for that the majority of the comics regularly change scenario writers and draftsmen during their existence.
the series are under the direction of a writer-in-chief who has his word to say on the general orientation of the series. It can decide that a series is not more viable such as it is and ask the shift creative. It can also ask important modifications (death of a character, change of costume) to arouse the interest of the readers again. Among the contestable leading decisions, one can quote the “relaunch” (new starting of the series to number 1 to attract a new assistantship).
the delivery system is different in the United States, the comics was formerly sold exclusively in the stands and is now available almost only in the “comics-shop”, specialized stores. The editors try to widen their mode of distribution by publishing “trade paper-backs” (collection gathering several episodes of the same series, in order to form a history supplements) in the book departments of large surfaces.

Examples of Comic Strips

Grimmy (Mike Peters)
Yellow Kid (Richard Felton Outcault)
Little Nemo in Slumberland (Winsor McCay)
Flash Gordon (Alex Raymond)
Pirate Terry & the (Milton Penknife)
Male Cal (Milton Penknife)
Calvin and Hobbes (Bill Watterson)
Dilbert (Scott Adams)
Donald Duck (Al Taliaferro) in the Years 1930 and 1940
Garfield (Jim Davis)
Peanuts (with the Snoopy dog) (Charles Mr. Schulz)
Popeye
The Angriest Dog in The World (David Lynch) in the the Reader of 1983 to 1992

Examples of Comic Books

There exist several kinds of comics:

cartoons for teenagers:

archie Comics

humorous anthropomorphic animals:

adventures of Donald (Carl Barks)
adventures of Picsou (Carl Barks)
the Youth of Picsou (Gift Rosa)

Supermen:

Superman (created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster)
Batman (created by Bob Kane and Bill Finger)
Sub-Mariner (created by Bill Everett)
Captain America (created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby)
Wonder Woman (created by William Moulton Marston)
Green Lantern (five main characters…)
Flash (three main characters…)
Four Fantastic ( Fantastic Furnace ) (created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby)
Hulk (created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby)
Thor (created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby)
Spider-Man (created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko)
the Man-Ant (created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby)
Iron Man (created by Stan Lee and Gift Heck)
X-Men (created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby)
the Avengers ( Avengers ) (created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby), association gathering of the supermen such as Iron Man, Thor, Hulk, the Man-Ant, then Captain America and other characters such Hawkeye, Scarlet Witch, Quicksilver, Hercules, Vision…)
Daredevil (created by Stan Lee and Bill Everett)
Silver Surfer (created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby)
Punisher (created by Gerry Conway and Ross Andru)
Wolverine (created by Len Wein and Herb Trimpe; developed by Chris Claremont/Dave Cockrum)
Elektra (created by Frank Miller)

the Fantastic one:

Dr. Strange (Created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko)
Grimjack (John Ostrander and Tim Truman)
Hellblazer (character created by Alan Moore and Steve Bissette and John Totleben)
Sandman /Morpheus (Neil Gaiman)
Hellboy (Mike Mignola)
Preacher (Created by Garth Ennis and Steve Dillon)
Fables (Bill Willingham, Ian Medina and Buckingham Mark)