Civil engineer

The civil engineers (IPC) are civils servant historically forming the technical main thing body of framing of the Ministère of Transport and the Equipment and today one of the technical body of framing of the Ministère of Ecology, the Development and Installation durable (with that of the mining engineers). One counted, in 2005,864 civil engineers in activity in the public office, on a total of approximately 1750.

History of the body of the IPC

The body of the civil engineers was founded in 1716, to ensure the creation of a true network road national in France. The recruitment of the Engineer S is ensured by the foundation in 1747 of the École of the Highways Departments (which takes this name only in 1760). It is governed by the decree n°2002-523.

During the 18th century, the missions are widened: regularization of the River S, construction of the channels, work harbor. The body becomes the person in charge of the public Travaux.

During the 19th century, the starting of industrialization has a strong impact on the means of transport: roads, hydraulic works and Railroads. The National school of the Highways Departments becomes an establishment of application of the Polytechnic school.

During the 20th century of new technical challenges appear: development of the car (traced road, coatings), works of art in Concrete armed or prestressed. The body is in load of the field of the Urbanisme, through the public Ministry of Labor, then in 1966 of the ministry for the Equipment: town and country planning, political highway, large Infrastructure S harbor, tourist equipment, etc

Since 2001, the missions of Maîtrise of work exerted by the services of the State are subject to the same rules of Concurrence as those of the private research departments. By consequence the territorial collectivities make from now on much less recourse to the Engineer S of the public services whose influence was some time felt like a supervision.

Great names resulting from the body of the civil engineers

Large scientists

From 1794, creation date of the Polytechnic school intended for the origin to give the scientists to France, best among the pupils resulting from this school integrate the body of the civil engineers; thus this one can be enorgueillir to count in its center of prestigious French scientists, since the beginning of the 19th century with the physicist Fresnel, the mathematicians Cauchy, Coriolis and Navier, until the end of the 20th century with Henri Becquerel, first Nobel Prize French in 1903.

Here an alphabetical list of the most known civil engineers: Jean-Charles Alphand, Henri Becquerel, Eugene Belgrand, Fulgence Welcome, Jean-Baptiste Biot, Nicolas Antoine Boulanger, Leon Boyer, Nicolas Brémontier, Albert Caquot, Augustin Cauchy, Coriolis, Andre Coyne, Jules Dupuit, Augustin Fresnel, Freycinet, Louis Joseph Gay-Lussac, Pierre Simon Girard, Philippe Lebon, Desired-Jules Lesguillier, Etienne Louis Malus, Pierre Méchain, Henri Navier, Jean-Rodolphe Perronet, Jules Regnault, Jean Résal, Rich Gaspard Marie of Prony, Marie François Sadi Carnot (President of the republic), Bernardin of Saint-Pierre, Paulin Talabot, Louis Vicat.

Other civil engineers famous

The body of the IPC today

Recruitment

The civil engineers in the beginning were recruited only among the former students of the Polytechnic school, after a formation applied to the National school of the Highways Departments. Today, the body with a recruitment a little more open, which allows an audience larger than that of the polytechnicians to become civil engineer.
  • the principal access road to the body of the IPC is always the Polytechnic school. Every year, about thirty young graduate people of the Polytechnic school integrate the body of the civil engineers, then leave to follow a two years additional training exempted jointly by the National school of the Highways Departments, by the National school of the civil aviation, by the National school of meteorology and by the National school of geographical sciences.
  • an internal competition in professional matter, open has several technical bodies of category has Ministries for Transport, Equipment, Tourism and Sea (body of the Engineer of public works of the State, Engineer of the studies and exploitation of the civil aviation, Engineer of geographical and cartographic work of the State and Engineers of work of meteorology), allows every year ten civils servant to become civil engineers.
  • In accordance with the statute of the body of the IPC, a recruitment on external contest engineers pupils of the Highways Departments has been open for a few years to the pupils of last years of the national universities (ENS), of the agronomic National institute (INA-PG), as well as National school of the Highways Departments. In 2006, four stations were offered to the pupils in last year of a ENS (Ulm, Lyon or Cachan), and two stations with the pupils in last year of the ENPC or INA-PG.
  • And finally, it is possible for ten engineers members of the bodies of the engineers of public works of the State, engineers of the studies and exploitation of the civil aviation (IEEAC), with the engineers of geographical and cartographic work of the State (ITGCE) and with the engineers of work of meteorology (ITM) to become civil engineer by short list.

Activities

The body of the civil engineers acquired a new dimension thanks to fusion in 2002 with the bodies of the engineers of the civil aviation, meteorology, and the geographers. Its trades cover today a very broad pallet around installation in all its forms, which they refer to the Urbanisme, with the Construction, with the Transport S, the energy or the Environnement and that they record of the design, the financing, the realization or the exploitation of projects and works of all natures.

For these missions, it is also necessary to add those which correspond to the “interdepartmental” nature of the body and which, in a progressive and significant way leads it to exert now in many fields of the public action.

Manpower

On the whole, the body of the Highways Departments counts close to 1750 civil engineers (in normal position of activity, detachment, availability and except framework), in and out of the administration. Approximately 800 engineers exert with the ministry for transport, the equipment, of tourism and the sea, 170 in the services of the Head office of the civil aviation (DGAC), 60 with the national geographical Institut, 200 with Météo France. Approximately 160 civil engineers exert in other ministries or with international (Ecology and Sustainable development, Industrie, Finances, Foreign affairs, Intérieur, Justice, Défense, etc). Nearly 300 are detached in companies and public corporations and the territorial collectivities. Lastly, approximately 250 former outgoing engineers and 50 engineers of availability exert in the private sector.

The body of the Highways Departments comprises, in its current organization, 3 ranks:

  • civil engineer (10 levels) (33,8% of manpower in position normal of activity and detached in 2005)
  • chief engineer of the Highways Departments (7 levels) (38,3% of manpower in position normal of activity and detached in 2005)
  • general engineer of the Highways Departments (3 levels) (27,9% of manpower in position normal of activity and detached in 2005)

See too

External bonds

  • National school of the Highways Departments
  • the body of the Highways Departments: Space conquest national with town and country planning, Antoine Picon.

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