Cherokee

History

From 1736 to 1743, the German utopian Christian Priber goes in territory cherokee and organizes as a “Prime Minister” Indian resistance vis-a-vis the English.

At the time of the War of Independence, the repeated violations of the treaties by the white colonists pushed unquestionable Cherokee to leave the nation cherokee. These dissidents were named the Chickamauga. Carried out by the chief Dragging Canoe, Chickamauga were combined with the Shawnee and carried out raids against the establishments of the colonists, helped by the Britanniques.

John Ross ( Koowescoowe in language cherokee) was one of the important characters in the history of the tribe cherokee. His/her father emigrated of Scotland before the American revolution. His/her mother, also girl of Scot, had a quarter of blood cherokee. John Ross began his public career in 1809. As the constitution of the time authorized it, the Cherokee Nation was created in 1820, with elected official representatives. John Ross became the chief of the tribe in 1828 and remained it until its death.

Cherokee were moved of force of their ancestral grounds of the north of Georgia and Carolines towards the Indian Territoire in Oklahoma, mainly because of the Gold rush around Dahlonega in the Années 1830. The deportation of the people cherokee bears the name of Piste of the Tears. Once arrived, the tensions worsened and the suspension of the Loi of Blood cherokee was ignored. The June 22nd 1839, after the adjournment of a tribal assembly, several of the most important signatories of the Traité of New Echota were assassinated, including the rapporteur of the Law of Blood, Major Ridge, like John Ridge and Elias Boudinot. It was the beginning of a Civil war 15 years among Cherokee. One of the notable survivors was Stand Watie, which became general confederated during the American Civil War. Cherokee are one of the Five tribes civilized which signed treaties, and were recognized by the States confederated of America.

Other Cherokee, in the west of North Carolina, were useful within Thomas' Legion, a unit of approximately 1 100 men of origins cherokee and white, combatant mainly in Virginia, where their success was impressive. Thomas' Legion was the last unit confederated to go to North Carolina, with Waynesville, the May 9th 1865.

Before the American Civil War, Cherokees, like other Indian tribes of the south of the United States, had slaves. Those were released at the end of the war, but number of them then remained in the tribes where they were, and certain married with Indians. These are their descendants that Cherokees want to exclude in 2007.

Cherokee of Oklahoma lost the right to elect their own boss in 1907 when Oklahoma became a State. Various leaders were appointed by the presidents until in 1970 when Cherokee recovered the right to elect their government thanks to a decree of the Congress signed by the president Richard Nixon. W.W. Keeler was the first elected chief of Cherokee of Oklahoma. He was also president of Philips Petroleum. Ross Swimmer, Wilma Mankiller, Joe Byrd and currently Chad Smith succeeded to him.

The June 14th 2004, the Tribal Council of the Cherokee Nation defines officially the marriage as a union between a man and a woman, putting in fact out the law the Homosexual marriage. This decision answered a request for union of a couple lesbian deposited the May 13rd. The chief Chad Corntassel Smith explained that the principal reason for this decision was to homogenize the laws of the Cherokee Nation and the State of Oklahoma.

At the beginning of March 2007, Cherokees voted as a majority, to 77%, for the expulsion of the descendants, in particular mongrel, of former slaves African-American S of their nation. Cherokees practiced the slavery of the Blacks before the American Civil War. The slaves were freed after the war and some married the Amerindian ones. Like all the Indian tribes officially recognized by the Government of the United States, Cherokees profits from advantages and subsidies, and the critics see in this poll only one way of drawing aside from these advantages those which are not Indian thoroughbred.

Demography

The censuses of the people cherokee were carried out according to a different method as from 1970.

Language and alphabet

principal Article: Language cherokee

Cherokee speak a polysynthetic language iroquoienne , the Tsa-la-gi which is written thanks to a Syllabaire invented by Sequoyah. During years, much of people transcribed in Latin alphabet or used police forces little adapted to write the spelling-book on the computer tools. However, after the recent addition of the syllables cherokee to Unicode, the language cherokee is in the moment of living a rebirth of its use on Internet. There exists even Wikipedia in cherokee.

Cherokee famous

Among Cherokee the most known, one can quote:

Sequoyah invented the written form cherokee. It is the only historical character to have invented a writing only, with the hand. It forever learned how to speak, read or write in English.
Christian Priber , utopian and German adventurer become " cherokee" .

The following characters have origins cherokee:

Will Rogers , humorist.
Wes Studi , actor.
Chad Corntassel Smith , Wilma Mankiller and Ross Swimmer , politicians.
Jimi Hendrix , guitarist blues-rock'n'roll, cherokee via his paternal grandmother, Nora Pink Moore .
Johnny Bench , player of Baseball of Cincinnati Reds of 1967 to 1983.
Oral Roberts , evangelist pentecotist of the Years 1950 with 1990.
Johnny Depp , actor.
Meagan Good , actress.
Expensive (singer) , singer and actress, Cherokee by her mother.
Steven Tyler , member of the group Aerosmith rock'n'roll.

See too

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