Charter

The charters were legal acts written and drawn up with the Moyen-âge and under the Ancien Mode.

The charters can be of different nature:

  • the royal charters , for example the Large Charter of Jean without Ground in 1215

  • charters of frankness
  • charters from commune

Origin

Derived from the word cartre which itself comes from the Greek khartes , Feuille and of Latin carta , the term of “charter” appears about the 13th century. The flowering of the charters between the 11th century and the 14th century, is related to the rise of the uses of the writing, the legal institutions and the statute laws.

The Charter is thus the legal text par excellence of the Ancien Mode.

Founded by Louis XVIII, the National school of the Charters is the French public corporation of Higher education for the study of these acts, and trains the scientific personnel of the files and the libraries.

British constitutional charters

  • the Large Charter of England ( Magna Carta ), which is the base of English freedoms: it was signed in 1215 by Jean without Ground and was confirmed in 1264 by her son Henri III.

French constitutional charters

The shortly after the Revolution and Empire, Louis XVIII writes the news Constitution Kingdom, by giving him the name of charter , to avoid that of constitution, considered to be too revolutionary: it is the constitutional Charte of June 4th, 1814.

Louis-Philippe Ier will revise this charter by the constitutional Charte of August 14th, 1830 to found the Monarchie of July.

Charters in the contemporary right

  • With the Quebec and the Canada, the charters indicate off either part of the Canadian Constitution similar to the Bill Rights American (Canadian Charte of the rights and freedoms), or a law of an particular importance (with Quebec, Charte of the rights and freedoms of the person, Charte of the French language). All the laws must respect the charters in force, under penalty of being declared without effect by the courts.

The United States

It is about a text which confers on a city, or less scale at a university certain rights. A charter can also include/understand a loan of money

See too

  • Common (the Middle Ages)

External bond

  • the charter-law of Bétissart granted to Jéhan Séjournet on November 15th, 1411.

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