Charles de Freycinet

Biography

He studies with the Polytechnic school before entering the services of the government. Engineer of the Body of the Mines, he is the manager of the Compagnie of the railroads of the South during the fall of the Second Empire.

He becomes collaborator of Gambetta as delegated to the war in the government of National defense in 1870 - 1871, during the Franco-German Guerre of 1870. He supports, as far as possible, the young officer Louis Nathaniel Rossel who refuses the armistice vis-a-vis the Prussia. He is promoted officer of the imperial order of the legion of honor in 1870.

For this period (1870-1871), it has as a secretary Justin Germain Casimir de Selves, wire of his son-in-law Jacques Joseph Gustave de Selves, Contrôleur of the tobaccos, married with his daughter. He becomes senator of the Seine in 1876, mandate which he preserves until in 1920. He is Minister for the public Travaux (1877 - 1879), where its name is attached to the multiplication of railway lines, often of poor quality (Plan Freycinet), with an aim of disenclosing the badly served areas. He also contributes to the modernization of the waterways, in particular by the establishment of a standard for the size of the locks, known since under the name of Gabarit Freycinet.

He is then on several occasions President of the Council after being called for the first time by Jules Grévy, cumulating this function with that of Foreign Minister in 1879 - 1880, then in 1885 - 1886. He supports Jules Ferry in his projects of laicization and compulsory schooling. He is candidate with the presidential election of 1885, without success.

In 1886, it makes expel the applicants with the throne of France, then it is beaten by Marie François Sadi Carnot at the time of the elections to the presidency of the Republic of 1887. First civilian with becoming Minister for the War in 1889 - 1890, it makes increase the military service to three years, creates the general staff and modernizes military equipment while making adopt by the army rifle Nicolas Lebel and the Canon of 75 Model 1897.

Shown to have wanted to choke the Scandal of Panama, it is far away from the capacity, but finds the ministry for the War in the cabinet Charles Dupuy where, anxious to defend the honor of the army, it shows anti-supporter of Dreyfus ardently. President of the Commission of the armed forces to the Senate, he is still minister of state in the Gouvernement Aristide Briand (5) in 1915 - 1916.

He is elected free member of the Academy of Science in 1882 and member of the French Academy in 1890.

Residences

Private mansion 123 Street of the Pheasantry (Paris XVIe)

Publications

Treated of mechanics (1858)
Of the infinitesimal analysis (1860; 1881)
Of the economic slopes in railroad (1861)
Use of sewages in agriculture (1869)
Principles of the cleansing of the cities (1870)
Treated industrial cleansing (1870)
Test on the philosophy of sciences (1896)
the Question of Egypt (1905)

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