Châteaudun

Châteaudun is a French Ville of the south-west of the Paris basin, sprinkled by the Loir, chief town of district of Eure-et-Loir, in the area Center.

Its inhabitants is called the Dunois and the Dunoises .

With the borders of the Orléanais, Beauce and Pole, the city, built on a rocky outcrop overhanging the Dormouse, is the capital of the Dunois. This natural configuration and its situation with crossed of two Roman ways connecting Chartres to Turns and Orleans with the Mans intend it to be a fortified town, probably as of the Roman epoch, mentioned by Gregoire de Tours at the end of the 6th century under the toponym of Castum-Dunense.

Toponymy

The name of Châteaudun is resulting from two elements, one Latin castellum , the other Gallic dunos , both of the same directions and which indicate a fortress.

A pleonasm city

This old word Gaulois dunos left its trace in the name of much of French cities even when their names were Latinized by the Romans. Generally, it is associated in the name of a Gallic chief as with Loudun, Verdun or Meudon. Or in the name of Gallic god more venerated: Lug . It is the case with Laon and Lyon whose two names derive from Lugduno . In Châteaudun, the name of the city known as thus indeed twice the same thing!

Temporary name change

With the Revolution, National Convention decided that all the communes having a name pointing out the Ancien Mode or the religion were to change some and Châteaudun did not escape this rule; thus, of the March 11th 1794 with the February 10th 1795 (i.e. between the 21 ventôse year II and the 22 pluviôse year III), is 11 months, Châteaudun was called Dun-on-Dormouse . This change could not have remained that anecdotic if it had not allowed 12 people, imprisoned with Châteaudun in waiting to be judged in Paris, not to be guillotinées. Indeed, in full terror, the Committee of general security of Paris asked for by mail the transfer of these prisoners but consecutively to the change of the name of the city, the letter came from by error to Dun-on-Auron in the department of Expensive and not to Dun-on-Dormouse. Time that it returns to its initial destination, it was the fall of Robespierre the Thermidor 9 An II (July 27th 1794). The mode of terror softens and the 12 prisoners had the safe life.

Geography

Communes bordering

Climate

Sources: Net surfer

In Châteaudun, the records of maximum and minimal temperature are, respectively of 39,3°C on August 6th, 2003 and - 18,8°C on January 17th, 1985. The record the speed of the wind was recorded on December 26th, 1999 at the time of the storm known under the name of hurricane Lothar, with 144 km/h, and that of the strongest precitation was to it on July 6th, 2001 with 57,8 Misters.

Access & Transport

The commercial Aéroport nearest to Châteaudun is that of Tours Loire Valley, to 95 km and only available to the Center area, with only 2 operational regular lines, bound for London Stansted and Figari; also, the air service road of Châteaudun is ensured by the two Parisian airports, Orly and Roissy-Charles-of-Gaulle, located, respectively, to 125 and 157 km.

Town planning

Housing

Châteaudun counted in 1999: 6617 residences, of which 89 % is: 5890 of main homes, divided into: 3834 houses (57,90 %) and: 2783 apartments (42,10 %), (respectively 72,60 % and 27,40 % for the area Centers).

The Real park , made up from the main homes, dates from the period 1949-1974 for almost half (48,10 %) and was built before 1949 for 24,50 % (respectively 30,70 % and 34,30 % for the area); compared with the regional tendencies, the Middle Age is lower even if the new buildings (5,50 % against 9,60 %) are much lower than the averages of the area.

The size of the dwellings of the city is rather large and not very different from the regional average; 4 parts and more (59 %) majority, are followed of the 3 parts (26,80 %), of the 2 parts (9,60 %) then studios (4,50 %).

The main homes not having neither bath-tub, nor shower represent 2,20 % of the regional park, but only 0,80 % with Châteaudun. The residences of the commune are equipped with a central heating (95,70 % against 83,90 % for the area) but those profiting from a garage, boxes or bay parking are fewer (57,60 % against 66,60 %).

It should be noted that with: 2012 residences HLM, is 34,16 % of the park in 1999 (16,70 % in the area), the city respects the provisions of article 55 of the law solidarity and urban renewal (SRU) of December 2000 fixing at 20 % the minimum rate of social housing for the most important communes.

Contraitement with the regional tendency, the inhabitants are mainly tenants of their housing with 52,20 % against 44,90 % which are owners (respectively 36,10 % and 51,10 % in the area) and 2,90 % are placed on a purely free basis.

Demography

Sources: Cassini and INSEE

Demographic table of the 20th century

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PlotData= color: width barred: 20 align: left

bar: 1901 from: 0 till: 7146 bar: 1906 from: 0 till: 7147 bar: 1911 from: 0 till: 7296 bar: 1921 from: 0 till: 6587 bar: 1926 from: 0 till: 6558 bar: 1931 from: 0 till: 6790 bar: 1936 from: 0 till: 7057 bar: 1946 from: 0 till: 8145 bar: 1954 from: 0 till: 9687 bar: 1962 from: 0 till: 11982 bar: 1968 from: 0 till: 14450 bar: 1975 from: 0 till: 15338 bar: 1982 from: 0 till: 15319 bar: 1990 from: 0 till: 14511 bar: 1999 from: 0 till: 14543

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bar: 1901 At: 7146 fontsize: S text: 7146 shift: (- 8,5) bar: 1906 At: 7147 fontsize: S text: 7147 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1911 At: 7296 fontsize: S text: 7296 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1921 At: 6587 fontsize: S text: 6587 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1926 At: 6558 fontsize: S text: 6558 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1931 At: 6790 fontsize: S text: 6790 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1936 At: 7057 fontsize: S text: 7057 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1946 At: 8145 fontsize: S text: 8145 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1954 At: 9687 fontsize: S text: 9687 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1962 At: 11982 fontsize: S text: 11982 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1968 At: 14450 fontsize: S text: 14450 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1975 At: 15338 fontsize: S text: 15338 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1982 At: 15319 fontsize: S text: 15319 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1990 At: 14511 fontsize: S text: 14511 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1999 At: 14543 fontsize: S text: 14543 shift: (- 10,5) TextData= fontsize: S pos: (30,20) text: Cassini sources and INSEE

The population with the census of 1999 counted to 50,21% men and 49,79% women.

History

See also: List of the counts and the Viscounts of Châteaudun

Heraldic

Historical

1575: on the 1st engraved level of François de Belleforest appear the armorial bearings of the city, a escu of mouths with three money crescents and its currency Extincta Revivisco .
1697 : the aldermen declare that Châteaudun does not have armorial bearings, erroneous assertion with an only aim, seems it and following the example other cities, not to pay the tax relating to the recording of the armorial bearings. A blazon their is imposed, which was born never, a sand escu with 2 money plaz.
of 1735 with 1830: following the privileges granted to the city after the fire of 1723 (exemption of size, sending of the architect of Roy), a chief of France of azure with 3 flowers of gold lily supplements the armorial bearings.
1860 : return to the version of 1575
1877: consecutively with its heroic defense of October 18th, 1870, the Marshal of Mac-Mahon, president of the Republic, authorizes the city, by decree of October 3rd, 1877, to make appear the Cross of the Légion of honor in its armorial bearings.

War of 1870

October 18th, 1870 took place the Bataille of Châteaudun.

Policy and administration

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Budget 2007

the expenditure :

the receipts :

Taxation

The rate of the Taxe of dwelling for the commune is relatively stable but highest of the department, with 22,10 % in 2003 and with 22,36 % in 2006, is an increase in 1,18 %. That of the department underwent an increase slightly stronger in 3,70 %, passing from 7,84 % in 2003.

Elections

The city belongs to the Fourth district of Eure-et-Loir. The Appointed of this district, elected as of the 1st turn with the legislative elections of 2007, is Philippe Vigier and its substitute Marc Guerrini, assistant of the mayor of Voves.

Presidential

At the 1st turn of the presidential election of 1995, Edouard Balladur arrives at the head with 22,12 % of the votes cast, in front of Lionel Jospin with 21,34 %, Jean-Marie Le Pen with 18,14 %, Jacques Chirac with 17,77 %, Robert Hue with 7,79 % and Philippe de Villiers with 5,11 %, no other candidate not exceeding the threshold of the 5%.

With the second turn, the dunois voted mainly for Jacques Chirac who obtains 52,71 % of the votes cast against 47,29 % for Lionel Jospin.

To the 1st turn of the presidential election of 2002, the results give Jacques Chirac with 22,9 at the head; % of the votes cast, in front of Jean-Marie Le Pen with 17,7 %, Lionel Jospin with 16,3 %, Francois Bayrou with 8,1 %, Arlette Laguiller with 5 %, no other candidate not exceeding the threshold of the 5 %

With the second turn, the dunois, of which 22,5 % abstained from, voted with 82,6 % for Jacques Chirac against 17,4 % with Jean-Marie Le Pen, result identical to the national vote but with however a higher rate of abstention from 2 % (respectively, 82,21 % and 17,79 %; abstention 20,29 %) .

At the 1st turn of the presidential election of 2007, Nicolas Sarkozy arrives largely at the head with 31,44 % of the votes cast, in front of Ségolène Royal with 24,01 %, Francois Bayrou with 19,03 % and Jean-Marie Le Pen with 11,55 %, no other candidate not exceeding the threshold of the 5 %.

With the second turn, Nicolas Sarkozy gains 54,66 % of the votes of the dunois against 45,34 % with Ségolène Royal and a rate of abstention from 18,02 %, result close (variation to 1,6 %) of the national vote (respectively, 53,06 % and 46,94 %; abstention from 16,03 %) .

Referendum

With the referendum on the treated of Maastricht of September 20th, 1992, Yes carries it in Châteaudun with 51,91 % against 48,09 % for Not and a rate of abstention from 29,66 %. These figures are very close to those of your national (respectively, 51,04 % and 48,96 %; abstention from 30,30 %) .

With the referendum on the constitutional treaty for Europe of May 29th, 2005, the dunois voted against the European Constitution, with 54,33 % of Not against 45,67 % of Yes and a rate of abstention from 33,87 %. These figures are once again identical to those of the national vote, with nevertheless a higher rate of abstention (respectively, 54,67 % and 45,33 %; abstention from 30,63 %) .

Teaching

Châteaudun concerns the academy of Orleans-Turns and its establishments are managed by the general inspection of the departmental inspection of State education in Chartres.

Primary school education is exempted by nine nursery schools (eight public and private) and ten elementary schools (nine public and private).

Secondary education is ensured by four colleges (three public and private), a public general high school and two vocational schools (a public and private).

The city in addition accommodates a Training institute in care male nurses of the hospital, a médico-educational Institut and a Training center of apprentices of the metallurgy.

Economy

The principal companies of the city are:

Paulstra (Group Hutchinson), a manufacturer for auto industry,
Nortel, a Canadian company specialized in the networks and telecommunications.

The city accommodates two important public services:

the Air base 279 Châteaudun " Lieutenant Beau" of the air force;
a Detention center.

The city has an antenna of the Chamber of commerce and industry of Eure-et-Loir.

Culture and Inheritance

Civil architecture

The Castle

Old districts

The visit of the city is also interesting. Certain old districts remain, saved fire of the city in 1723.

Caves of the Fuller

Dug in a layer of chalk gone back to 85 million years, the caves were occupied as of the Neolithic . With the the Middle Ages, one extracted materials for construction from them from the keep of the castle. In 1723, during the fire of the city, the inhabitants took refuge there. Used then as mushroom beds, they were used as ammunition dump during the Second world war. The caves draw their name from the earth fuller , a clay used by the local craftsmen for the tanning of the skins.

Religious architecture

The city have three remarkable churches:

the church Saint-Valérien
the church of the Madeleine
the church Saint-Jean-of-the-Chain
Of the vault Our-Lady-of-Champdé, built in 1519, remains only part of the wall of the blazing frontage, forming today the gate of entry of the cemetery.

Environmental inheritance

Walk of the email
the park Léo Lagrange
Park of Rainville
Gardens of the Hospital
Gardens of the edge of the Dormouse
Wood of Gâts

Places of culture

Museum

The city shelters a municipal museum of the Art schools and Natural history, created in 1864 by the Company dunoise of archeology, in order to preserve the archaeological artefacts found mainly in Dunois. Installed, since 1890, in an old school it is composed of nine rooms.

In addition to the interesting initial archaeological collection (of the Prehistory to the the Middle Ages), the museum grew rich by several departments. That devoted to the Egyptian art exposes objects, mainly brought back Egypt, at the end of the 19th century, by members of the Company dunoise of archeology; among them, Emile Amélineau which undertook the excavations with Abydos and made gift with the museum of part of its collections, in September 1905.

An important department of natural science makes the reputation of the museum today and is devoted to the collection of more than: 3000 birds bequeathed by the marquis Leonce de Tarragon at the end of the 19th century. The museum also has a King of rats composed of 7 individuals.

A department of paintings, mainly of the 19th century, rooms devoted to the Franco-German War of 1870, to a porcelain collection, arts Asian, Islamic and Indian and a reconstitution of an interior beauceron supplement this museum.

From October 1st, 2005 to March 30th, 2007, the museum was closed with the public in order to carry out an exhaustive inventory; thus, each object was photographed, a drawn up descriptive card and information was then seized in a database, which was integrated into Joconde, that managed by the Ministry for the Culture.

In future not specified, the municipality considers the installation of this museum in the buildings of the Hotel God.

Theater, theater

the theater
Space Malraux

Media library

Established in the middle history of the since December 1991 city, the media library places at the disposal of the public funds of: 91000 works, like discs and DVD. It also accommodates a numerical Public space and readings of tales, exposures are held to with it regularly.

Cinema

Located in the downtown area, Dunois is a whole of 3 cinemas.

Dunois famous

Arts

Pierre Guédron , type-setter of the room of the king of Henri IV then superintendent of the music of Louis XIII, born in Châteaudun towards 1565.
Toutin , 3 goldsmith-enamellers born in Châteaudun:

Jean, born in 1578 is the initiator of painting in miniature on enamel.
Henry and Jean his sons, respectively born in 1614 and 1619 become famous enamellers. Some signed works, preserved in the museums (Rijksmuseum with Amsterdam, British Museum, Museum of Louvre, Museum of the clock industry and the emaillery with Geneva), make it possible to appreciate their talent.

Nicolas Hood , painter and engraver, born in 1612 in Châteaudun.
Patrice Caumon is an illustrator born in this city in 1944.
Didier Cassegrain , a draftsman of cartoons born in 1966 in Châteaudun.

Literature

Jean-Pierre Tool bag , writer, confirmed value of the Detective novel French, born on March 4th, 1933 in Châteaudun.
Bertrand Visage , writer born in 1952 in Châteaudun.
the writer Christophe Ferré passed its childhood to Châteaudun.

Philosophy

Emile Corra , born on June 11th, 1848 in Châteaudun (which occurred Florent-in Illiers). Disciple of Auguste Count the founder of the Philosophy Positiviste. Volunteer in the National defense of 1870, teaching in private then the chronicler, it joined the Positivisme in 1875 and founds, 1906 the Société international positivist and the Revue international positivist published 1906 with 1939.

Sciences

Achilles Guénée , entomologyste deceased with Châteaudun in 1880.
Jules-Emile Péan , surgeon of the 19th century, born with Marboué (4 km in the north of Châteaudun) on November 29th, 1830, inventor of the grip which bears its name. It, 1st in France, contributed to popularize the Ovariectomie. A street of the city bears its name.

Sports

Charles Brennus , Master-engraver and honorary president of the French federation of Rugby (1921), he is the creator of the Bouclier of Brennus, the supreme reward of the Championnat of France of Rugby. It was born in Châteaudun in 1859.
Christophe Lavainne , racing cyclist professional was born in Châteaudun in 1963.
Romain Feillu , racing cyclist professional was born in Châteaudun on April 16th, 1984. He was vice-champion of the world hopes to Salzburg in 2006.
Terry Bouhraoua , born in Châteaudun on August 29th, 1987, young player of Rugby to XV and Rugby to 7 promising, currently evolving/moving with the French Stage CASG Paris at the Half station of of fray.

Others

Louis Angel Pitou, journalist, counter-revolutionary and lampoonist, born in Valainville (commune of Moléans), to 5 km of Châteaudun. A passage of the city bears its name.

Twinnings

The town of Châteaudun is twinned with:

, to see (German page) - Site of the city
, (amalgamated in 2002 with the town of Three-Rivers), to see - Site of the town of Three-Rivers
, to see, (Spanish page) - Site of the city
, to see, (English page) - Site of the city
, to see (Czech page) - Site of the city

Catalog of films

The castle was used as decoration for certain scenes of two French films:

1990 : gallant Ladies of Jean-Charles Tacchella
1994: Jeanne the Virgin of Jacques Rivette

Tally of life

flowered City: 3 flowers allotted by the National council of the Cities and flowered villages of France to the Contest of the cities and flowered villages.

More on Châteaudun

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