Carl Wilhelm Scheele (born the December 9th 1742 with Stralsund in Poméranie Swedish and deceased the May 21st 1786) was a Chimiste Swedish. He is particularly known to have discovered number of chemical elements and compounds, like the Oxygène and the Chlore.
Chemist except par, it had the characteristic to use rudimentary instruments (it collected in particular gases in bladders of Porc S).
Biography
He is born with Stralsund, today in Germany, which is at the time a Swedish province. He receives only one weak general education and is not initiated with science. At 14 years, he becomes apprentice Apothicaire and works with Gothenburg where in the presence of the many products he initiates himself with chemistry by consulting some books. In 1768, it works like Pharmacien with Stockholm.In 1770, it leaves to Uppsala where it follows courses of chemistry to the Université of the city and works under the direction of the chemist Torbern Olof Bergman. It is there that he discovers the Oxygène in 1772, which is redécouvert in an independent way in 1774 by the Chimiste Joseph Priestley to which one allots this discovery. The publication of its work are consigned in its only work, Chemische Abhandlung von der Luft und dem Feuer (in French, Traité chemistry on the air and fire ), which will be published only in 1777.
Supported by Bergman, work of Scheele is recognized by its pars at the time of its election to the royal Académie of sciences of Sweden the February 4th 1775. It is the first and last time that a student in pharmacy receives this honor.
Its new celebrity makes that it receives offers of all the country. It leaves to settle with Köping, where the city offers a pharmacy to him belonging to an apothecary named Pohls which had just died.
Its trade is managed by the widow of Pohls, which enables him never not to cease continuing its research in chemistry. Thus he discovers several others chemical elements: the Barium, the Chlorine (which it named at the time muriatic acid déphlogistiqué in reference to the theory of phlogistic the of the time) and the Manganèse in 1774, the Molybdène in 1778 and the Tungstène in 1781, and of the chemical compounds like the citric Acid , the Cyanure of hydrogen, the Hydrofluoric acid and the Hydrogen sulfide .
In 1783, it obtains Glycérine while making boil Olive oil with Oxide lead.
Like many other chemists of its time, he worked under particularly dangerous conditions and which thus exposed it to many harmful toxic products with its health. It even sometimes happened to him to taste some of the substances which it discovered, including very toxic products like the Cyanure of hydrogen.
Conscious of its fragile health, that he regards as the evil of all the apothecaries, he marries the widow of Pohls so that she can inherit her trade. Two days after its marriage, he dies at the 43 years age, probably following his long exposure to the various toxic products which he handled.
Source
- '' Carl Wilhelm Scheele '', on the site of a professor of the University of Greighton
Simple: Carl Wilhelm Scheele
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