Cambo-the-baths - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

Geography

Situation

Cambo-the-baths is a commune of the Basque province of the Labourd, near to the Spanish border (15 km) and at half an hour by the road to the Basque Côte.

Access

Cambo-the-baths is located at the conjunction of the secondary roads D932, coming from Bayonne, D918 coming from Saint-Jean-Foot-of-Port and D22, which comes from Hasparren.
L' highway A63 has an exit () indicating the commune.
The FOR THE THIRD TIME the SNCF Bayonne - Saint-Jean-Foot-of-Port makes it possible to connect the commune to the French rail network.

Hydrography

The grounds of the commune are sprinkled by the Nive, affluent of the Adour, and by tributaries of this one, Urotchéko Erreka and Uhaneko erreka.
A tributary of Arnadavy, other flow of Adour, Anguéluko erreka, also crosses the commune.

Localities and hamlets

Bas-Cambo
Haut-Cambo
the thermal baths

Communes bordering

in north: Halsou
in the west: Larressore
in the south: Itxassou, Louhossoa and Macaye
in the east: Hasparren.

Toponymy

The toponym Cambo is mentioned since 1235 (cartulaire Bayonne), and appears in the forms Camboa (1350, titles of Cam), Cambe (1501, chapter of Bayonne), Sanctus Laurentius de Cambo (1757, collations of the diocese of Bayonne) and the Mountain in 1793.

History

Paul Raymond note that the parish of Larressore was an appendix of Cambo.
The law of March 4th, 1790, which determined a new administrative landscape of France by creating departments and districts, decided birth of the department of the the Low-Pyrenees by joining together the Béarn, the Gascon grounds of Bayonne and Bidache, and the three French Basque provinces. For these last, three districts were created: Mauléon, Saint-Palate and Ustaritz, which replaced the baillage Labourd. By abuse of power of the local leaders, the head office of Ustaritz was transferred almost immediately to Bayonne. Its Directory encouraged a great number of municipalities to adopt new names in conformity with the spirit of the Revolution. Thus Cambo was called the Mountain, Ainhoa became Mendiarte, Ustaritz Marat-on-Nive, Itxassou Union, Arbonne Constante, Saint-Etienne-with-Baïgorry Thermopyles, Saint-Palate Mount-Bidouze, Louhossoa Mountain-on-Nive, Saint-Jean-Foot-of-Port Nive-Frank, Saint-Jean-with-Luz Chauvinistic-Dragon, of the name of a young dead soldier to the combat and Souraïde Mendialde.
In 1790, Cambo was the chief town of a canton which included/understood the communes of Cambo, Halsou and Itxassou and depended on the district of Ustaritz.

Administration

Intercommunality

Cambo-the-baths belongs to eight inter-commune structures:

the Community of communes Errobi
SIVU Artzamendi
Mixed trade-union of the contract of river of Nives
Intercommunity association for the management of the center Txakurrak
Nive Intercommunity association - Bubble
Trade union for the support for the Basque culture
Mixed trade-union of drinking water supply Ura
departmental Trade union of electrification.

Twinning

Demography

Economy

The activity is strongly marked by the thermal vocation of the commune. A thousand of direct uses depends on it. Ten seven health care institutions are added to the establishment thermal.
The remainder of the economy is mainly directed towards agriculture and the horticulture. Cambo-the-baths belongs to the zone AOC of production of the Piment of Espelette.

Culture and inheritance

Civil inheritance

; Prehistory The rock shelter of Olha, located on one of the old terraces of alluvia of the Nive close to Cambo-the-Baths, dates from the Paléolithique means (Moustérien). He was discovered by E. Passemard in 1917. One finds there Hachereau X and Biface S. the shelter is ploughed up today. It is localized in the ravine of Urdaueio (affluent of Nive). ; Museum Edmond Rostand With the variation of the city, in direction of Larressore, is the Arnaga villa. It is about a vast Basque house that Edmond Rostand made build by the architect Joseph-Albert Tournaire between 1903 and 1906. Come with Cambo-the-Baths to look after a Pleurisy, it decided to settle there and lived there of 1906 with 1918.
It is in Arnaga that he wrote Chantecler .
The Arnaga villa is one of the first houses of style néo-Basque. Edmond Rostand drew and decorated itself the 40 parts with the villa, in various styles (English for the hall, Chinese for the smoking-room, etc).
The villa is surrounded by large a Jardin with the Frenchwoman, where a house with Pergola is reflected in a part of eau.
Rostand received there its hosts top of a balcony by déclamant worms. The back part includes/understands a Jardin with English the.

In 1960 the town hall bought the villa to make the museum Edmond Rostand of it. To note that Gerard Depardieu made gift with the museum of sound César received in 1992 for its interpretation in Cyrano of Bergerac . The villa was classified like historic building in 1995 and the garden carries the label '' remarkable garden ''.

; Hydropathic establishment Cambo-the-baths has a hydropathic establishment specialized in the Rhumatologie (Arthrose S, disorders of the locomotor Appareil) and the treatment of the respiratory tracts (ORL and Pneumologie). The principal building was built in a neo-classic style and has a park of 15 hectares. The establishment belongs today to the thermal Chaîne of the sun.
Ceramics of the thermal baths was carried out in 1926 by Alphonse Gentil.
Among the accustomed famous ones of the local thermal virtues, Marie-Anne de Neubourg, widow of Charles II of Spain came to take water with Cambo at the beginning of the XVIIIe century.

Religious heritage

The church the St. Lawrence dates from the 17th century and conceals furniture and a table (the martyrdom of SAINT LAURENT) classified with the historic buildings. The contiguous Cimetière presents many tabular tombs discoïdales and , tombstones and a cross, as well as a whole of 26 sepulchral monuments (4 tombstones, cross, 21 punt-tombs) inventoried by the ministry for Culture.
The commune is located on the Voie of Nive, an alternative of the Chemin of Saint-Jacques-to-Compostelle followed by the pilgrims who, of Bayonne, sought to regain Navarrese Camino before his crossing of the Pyrenees, to Saint-Jean-Foot-of-Port.

Environmental inheritance

the village also has a laundrette and Roman Pont .

Equipment

; teaching The commune has three colleges, the college Ikastola Xalbador, the public college Errobi and the private college Saint-Michel-Garicoïts. Primary school education is exempted in two public schools, the Bas-Cambo elementary school and the nursery school First steps, like in the Sainte-Marie private school (maternal and primary).

Personalities related to the commune

; Born in XVIe century

Sebastián Durón, deceased in 1716 with Cambo-the-Baths, Spanish Compositeur is a ;

; Born at the XVIIIe century

Charles Denis Bourbaki, born in 1816 with Paris and deceased in 1897 with Cambo-the-Baths, is a Général French;
Isaac Albéniz, born in 1860 with Camprodon (Province of Gérone, Spain) and deceased in 1909 with Cambo-the-Baths, is a Pianiste and Spanish Compositeur ;
Eugene Rostand, deceased with Cambo-the-Baths in 1915, is a lawyer, economist and the father of Edmond Rostand;

; Born at the XIXe century

Blaise Diagne, born in 1872 with Gorée (Senegal) and deceased in 1934 with Cambo-the-Baths, is the first Député African elected official with the French National Assembly ;
Joseph Apesteguy, known as “Chiquito de Cambo”, born in 1881 with Cambo-the-Baths and deceased in 1950 with Guéthary, buried with the cemetery municipal of Cambo, is known for its sporting exploits of Pelotari which led it to the championship of France;
White Delacroix, born in 1883 with Bucharest and deceased in 1948 with Cambo-the-Baths, baroness of Vaughan, is the wife of the king Léopold II of Belgium;
Jeanne Pérez, born in 1894 with Castelsarrasin and deceased in 1975 with Cambo-the-Baths, is a French actress;
Georges Bidault, born in 1899 with Mills and deceased with Cambo-the-Baths in 1983, is a Politician French, President of the Council between 1949 and 1950;

; Born at the XXe century

Paul Gadenne, born in 1907 with Armentières and deceased in 1956 with Cambo-the-Baths, is a writer;
Jean Dauger, born in 1919 in Cambo them Baths and deceased in 1999 with Bayonne, is a French player of Rugby to XV and Rugby to XIII;

Random links: