Cölln , in the beginning an island on the Spree, today a district of the downtown area of Berlin, was of its foundation in 1237, until its fusion with the capital of Brandebourg in 1709, the city-sister of Berlin (today Altberlin ). She saw being born several princes from the Maison of Hohenzollern of XVIe at the XVIIIe century.
Demography and economy
The town of Cölln grouped at the beginning of the XIIIe century around the Petriplatz , which owes its name with the Saint-Pierre church, damaged during the bombardments of the Second world war, and whose ruins were cleared Gertraudenstrasse in the years 1950. The town hall, on the Brüderstrasse , also drew up its frontage on this place. The church was dedicated to the apostle Pierre, owner of the Pêcheur S (), because the majority of the inhabitants to the Middle Ages lived fishing. The widening and the deepening of the Spree upstream of the Barrage of the mills to paddles retained at this place fish of the river. The Eastern bank, where Berlin occurred, was then occupied by the tradesmen and the warehouses. The bridge of the stopping of the mill offering the only means of crossing the river between Frankfurt-on-the Oder and Magdeburg, one taxed goods transport by the institution with a granting.During this time, on other bank, Berlin extended around the church Nikolaikirche (Nicolas is the saint-owner of the merchants). The Berliners, enriched by the traffic and the sale by goods, built soon a second church, the church Sainte-Marie ( Marienkirche ).
History
The name of Cölln appears for the first time in annals in 1237, that is to say seven years before Berlin. In 1307, the two boroughs grouped their administrations to form thedouble one of Berlin-Cölln: they were connected by the stopping of the mill. Within the council of the aldermen, the Berliners were much more strongly represented than the inhabitants of Cölln, with the great resentment of the latter. The magistrates made build the Grand Bridge , current the Rathausbrücke . The common policy of the two cities brought in 1308 the formation of a first league of cities of the Marche of Brandebourg, of which Frankfurt-on-the Oder, Brandenburg year der Havel and Salzwedel, which thus intended to defend their rights vis-a-vis the lords and to form a militia protecting them from possible aggressions.
From 1658 to 1683, the voter Frederic Guillaume Ier, on plans of Johann Gregor Memhardt, made enceindre Cölln and Berlin of Fortifications which ran well beyond the old ramparts of Berlin and Cölln. Only some of the old doors of the cities were rebuilt in periphery. One still rather clearly finds contours of the old fortifications, in particular the Bastion S, in the field of the city, for example on the level of the “Place of the haut-baillage” ( Hausvogteiplatz ).
The suburbs of Friedrichswerder , Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt were gathered in 1710 with the towns of Berlin and Cölln within the “royal city of Berlin” ( königlichen Haupt- und Residenzstadt Berlin ). The ramparts obstructing thereafter more and more the urban development, they were cut down in 1834, so that Berlin fled to develop at the same time as its suburbs. The city was surrounded by walls of granting bored of doors, whose certain names of places and streets perpetuate the memory still today.
One for a long time any more does not employ the names of Cölln or Alt-Cölln , the city being today in the center even of Berlin.
See also: Neukölln
See too
| Random links: | Khazad-dûm | Ganso de pecho rojo | Hiéromnémon | Punteret | Patrice de Peretti | Headlight of Trézien | Special_de_Moti |