Breakdown
In Medicine, one calls breakdown a muscular tear consequence of the supply of an effort higher than what the muscle can normally provide. A frequent case of breakdown takes place during a sporting practice, when the heating was not well carried out.
In electronic or electrotechnical, the breakdown is a phenomenon which occurs in an insulator when the electric field is more important than what this insulator can support. It is formed an electric arc then.
In a condensing , when the tension reaches a sufficient value so that a running is established through insulator (or Diélectrique), this critical tension is called tension of breakdown. It is dependant on the geometry of the part and a property of materials called dielectric Rigidité which is generally expressed in. The electric shock through insulator is in general destroying. This perhaps irremediable destruction, but this depends on the nature and the thickness of insulator entering the constitution of the component: certain insulators are thus known as breeder, like the air or the Hexafluorure of sulfur.
This is illustrated by the oscillogram opposite. A condenser is assembled in parallel on an inductive load. When the circuit is opened, the current of inductance charges the condenser beyond its tension with breakdown. One can then see relaxed oscillations. Each voltage drop is due to a breakdown. After a few tens of oscillations, the condenser is not able any more car-to be healed, it definitively died.
See too
- Insulator
- Electric arc
- Effect corona
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