Bibliography

Types of bibliographies

A bibliography set of themes gathers documents on the same subject or the same topic. Conversely, a systematic bibliography (sometimes general ) gathers documents published in the same place and/or at the same date.

A current bibliography appears with regular intervals. There is no narrower term opposed to “current” in this direction. The development of the Data-processing and especially of Internet transformed many current bibliographies into bibliographical databases which are cumulative and updates uninterrupted.

A descriptive bibliography gives only the essential characteristics of the document. A analytical bibliography gives of it a description which wants to be neutral. A bibliography criticizes puts forth a judgment on the documents which are announced there.

A bibliography also can, according to the cases, being described of exhaustive or summary .

Bibliographies sets of themes

The bibliographies sets of themes are most known of the non-specialists. They can take various forms, either like distinct document, or in support of an other document. One can thus find bibliographies at the end of the work, of Thèse, an article of Scientific magazine or Encyclopédie. They give the list of the documents used to complete the research task. The isolated bibliographies can be documents given by teachers, especially in the Higher education.

Certain bibliographies on important subjects can take the shape of a whole book.

e.g.: Juan García-Durán, civil Guerra española: fuentes, archivos, bibliografía there filmografía , Crítica, Barcelona, 1985.

It can exist current bibliographies in a particular field. The majority took the form of databases, like Medline, Pascal, Francis or Chemical Abstracts of Chemical Abstracts Service.

Systematic bibliographies

The systematic bibliographies gather references of documents whatever their subject, but which were published in a place and in a given time. Some can be retrospective, one of most known being that of Conlon on the books published in France of 1715 to 1789.

However, the majority of the bibliographies are current bibliographies, either commercial, or official. Each country in general publishes its national bibliography thanks to the Registration of copyright which makes it possible in theory to see passing the whole of the publications published in a given country. UNESCO tries, in this manner, to facilitate a universal bibliographical control. The national bibliographies of the developed countries, with the image of the French national Bibliography, are generally diffused on line.

Bibliographical standards of presentations

There exist two principal standards of bibliographical presentation, ISBD directed towards cataloguing and the standard ISO 690, adapted in France through the standard AFNOR NF Z 44-005-2, directed towards the edition.

In the simplest case one bibliographical reference arises as follows:

; ISBD

Titer normalizes: Subtitle/Prénom and name of the author. - Place of edition: editor, year of edition. - Many pages; Format.
ISBN

; ISO

* For a Monographie normalizes: NOM (First name), Title , editor, place of edition, year of edition.

* For an article: NOM (First name), “Title of the article”, in Title of the publication , volume number, year, page (S).

Bibliographical abbreviations

The bibliographical references usually call upon abbreviations of origin Latin E to which one tends today to substitute their French equivalent:

cf. (of confer )/to see (“cf” is normally not written in Italique);
in /in;
will infra /below;
supra /above;
COp cit. (of citato operates)/quoted work;
sq. (of sequiturque ), in the plural sqq. (of sequunturque )/and following (S) (shortened and suiv. );
ibidem - summary ibid ─ to announce that it is of the same author and the same title;
and Al (of and alii )/and the others, makes it possible to mention only the first author of a work written with several hands;

For the indications of edition and publication one can replace the unknown factors by the following abbreviations:

s.n. : without name (of publisher);
s.l. : ( sine loco ) without place (of publication);
s.d.: without date (of edition);
s.l.n.d.: without place nor date.

The following abbreviations are also employed:

Article for article (for example article of law);
chap. for chapter ;
coll for column ;
coll for collection ;
ED. for editor / edition ;
fol or f° for folio ;
ms. ( ms in the plural) for handwritten ;
n° for number ;
p. for page;
paragr. or § for paragraph ;
T. for volume ;

Other uses of the term

The term bibliography , normally associated with the works relative on a subject, is often used, wrongly in the French language, by capillarity of the English term bibliography , to indicate the list of the works published by an author. A list of works of an author can be described as bibliography when this list is detailed, gives the various editions of the same work, the variations, exhaustively indicates the authors of forewords, foreword, etc, i.e. it devotes to the study list of works of an author, which is not a simple list of the titles of the works with their year of publication.

At the librarians, one calls bibliography the whole of the techniques of description of the documents (also called cataloguing , to see Catalog of library) and of information retrieval.

See too

the : category: bibliographer and the : category: disciplinary bibliography
the bibliographical Conventions of Wikipédia

External bonds

Jacques Chanussot - Claude Travi. '' Dits and Writings of Andre Malraux ''. Bibliography with accompanying notes.
Bibliography of Brittany
Bibliography Set of themes and Conceptual
Biblioweb
Books, bibliography and bibliophilism
How to present bibliographical references (very complete support of formation by DRUNK of Paris 8)
Conseils for the presentation of a bibliography
How to Write has Bibliography
Prospectus of a '' Cours of Bibliography '' (Year VII) and of a literary Cours of history and reasoned bibliography : Public exercise of year X per Louis Of Wood (1773-1855).

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