Bertinoro

Bertinoro is a common of the Province of Forlì-Césène in the area Emilie-Romagna in Italy.

Geography

Located on the first hills romagnoles at 257 meters of altitude, 4 km of the Via Emilia and at 10 km of the exit " Césène-Nord" A14 highway, between Forlì and Césène, in the south of the City of Forlimpopoli, Bertinoro recovers all the summit of Assembles Cesubeo. The city includes/understands also Assembles it close Maggio, which with its 328 meters rapprésente the highest point.

History and legends

The appearance of the man on the territory goes back to the age of iron. An inhabited center was formed with the foot of the last pre-apennin buttress, between the locality of Casticciano and Fratta, and will become extensive with the construction of the Via Emilia. It appears that this last inhabited center passed Roman municipality under the name of “ Forum Truentinorum ”. What is certain, it is that its destruction occurred between the IV and V century, at the time of the cruel invasions, when the population in sourer places, on the Monte Cesubeo (current Bertinoro), known until worms the year 1000 under the name of “ Castrum Cesubeum ”. Its current denomination of “ Castrum Britinori ” goes up with the reign of Ottone III. The origin of the toponym is related to various popular legends, but historically most credible refers to the Breton pilgrims who, with the relics of the saints Maglorio, Pascasio and Sansone, of return of Rome, stopped on the side of the Mount and giving life at a community to say “ Bretoni ” (Breton); what gave “ Britonorum ” then “ Bertinoro ”. The saints were venerated like the guards of the city. The relics of the pilgrims and the saints are preserved in the church at the entry of the city.

Monuments and tourism

The column with the rings

Bertinoro is known for its hospitality, and in particular its “ column with the rings ” known as also " column of the hospitalité" , out of stone, dating from the surroundings of 1300, set up by the local lords Guido del Duca and Arrigo Mainardi. The goal was to put an end to the arguments which occurred between the noble families of the locality when it was a question of giving the hospitality abroad which arrived in the city. The column was equipped with as many rings as noble families; the foreigner, arriving in the country and attaching his mounting to one of the rings, became automatically the host of the family to which belonged the ring.

Each year, this tradition is pointed out first Sunday of September.

The communal Palate

The Palate, which during six centuries was the witness of the political and administrative polemics of Bertinoro, was built in 1306 by Pino Ordelaffi, like sits of the civil capacity. The building, which rose on only one stage for a frontage of 40 meters resting out of eight columns of Byzantine and Roman style, sudden of many transformations until 1934 (its current aspect). An immense staircase leads directly to the central room, called “room of the people” where the population gathered to express its desires at the time of great events. The second room known as “noble room” was reserved for the ceremonies, where six tables of a local painter are preserved, representing scenes of the historical life of Bertinoro.

Torre Civica

the “ Torre Civica ” of age former to the Palate, was at the higher origin with the function of headlight for the navigators and of orientation for the pilgrims, was dismantled in 1599 and was replaced by a bell-tower of Style baroque. In 1798, to him was applied an iron balcony and a niche for the statue of the “ Madone of the lake ”, protective of the city. The current tower at summer restructured with the frontage of the palate in 1934. The clock, the XVII century, was several times moved on the frontages of the tower. The bells which indicate the hour carry the date of fusion of 1516.

Rocca

There does not exist documentation over the exact year of its construction, but already in 995 the Rocca de Bertinoro gathered the lords of the territories close for the drafting to a sentence for the collection of taxes. Sit of the various counts and lords of Bertinoro, in 1177, was selected like residence by the emperor Frederic Barberousse, who remained several months with his continuation there. At the XVI century, Bertinoro, becomes seat of évêché and will remain it until 1970 when the diocese was plain with that of Forli.

Placed on the heights of Bertinoro, Rocca, after a last restoration, found its antique splendor and since 1994 lodges the “ University Residential Center of Alma MATER Studiorum ” of Bologna. The center is intensely used for university formations, seminar, work meetings and all initiatives cultural as well public as private.

The Place

Terrace of the “ Place of Freedom ” (Piazza della Liberta), balcony of the Romagna, the sight goes from the turns of San Marino to the two turns of Bologna; one scans the Adriatic Sea to the Dalmate coast; one guesses the squarings of the Centuriation Roman covered with vines. A little further, while descending it via Mainardi, appears the antique medieval district where was born the “ Ovadyah Yare ” (XV century), regarded as the literary fame of Hebraic Italy.

Maggio Goes up

Twin collar of Bertinoro, the Monte Maggio exceeds it to reach the dimension of 328 meters (from where its name Maggio = Maggiore = Maior = Majeur). It is the reason which pushed the count de Bartinoro, Guido degli Honesti, to make cut down the castle which dominated it. On the old foundations, in 1519 the Brotherhood of the Mercy obtains the concession to set up a church dedicated to the Macario hermit. The church was supplemented by the Franciscains brothers in 1539, it is since Maggio Assembles it is also called “Mount of the Capuchins”. On the north-eastern terrace, the brothers dug a very deep puit which has a certain affinity with that of San Patrizio in Orvieto: a spiral staircase which, instead of being rolled up along the puit, is held on one on its sides until the bottom. A Latin inscription recalls that the puit was built in 1630, while the plague prevailed in Italy.

In 1867, after the Napoleonean requisition, the brothers had to give up the convent. A recent restoration with transform this site in a place of Bar dance hall restoring open May to September, but worth visiting all the year for its exceptional panorama on the plain. The mount is locatable by far from the antennas of telecommunication which decorate its top.

Thermal baths

The locality of Fratta Terme is an important thermal center which at very old origins: it would be Antenore with the other companions of Enée, survivors of the Trojan War, which would have to create this inhabited center.

In 1927, interesting discovered of a puit covered curvilinear bricks in the superior part and river rollers in the inferior part. There does not exist documentation on the use of the Fratta source to the Middle Ages. But its water returned to the mode at the beginning of the XIX century, at the time Napoleonean, after scientific research carried out and published in the almanac of the Rubicon in 1812.

Currently the seven sources rich in rock salt, emerge on thirteen hectares of park where one finds “courses vita”, thermal spring and mud baths, which make of them a place of rest and holidays.

Other monuments

Monument with the memory of Ermete Novelli (1851-1919), actor born in Bertinoro.
Monument raised with the glory of the vine growers.
Monuments dedicated to Giuseppe Mazzini and Giuseppe Garibaldi, in the low part of the city.

Economy

The excellence of its vines confers a great fame to him and attracts many local visitors and foreigners who come to taste “piadina romagnole” and to drink glass of Albana.

Culture

University residential center.

Commemorative event

Festivals, fairs

Administration

Hamlets

Santa Maria Nuova Spallicci, Santa Croce, San Pietro in Gardiano, Fratta Term, Polenta, Collinello, Ospedaletto, Capocolle, Bracciano

Communes bordering

Césène, Forlì, Forlimpopoli, Meldola, Ravenne

Twinnings

Photograph gallery

See too

External bonds -->

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