Benyamin Netanyahou

Benyamin Netanyahou (in Hebrew: בנימיןנתניהו), born the October 21st 1949, with Tel Aviv, often called Bibi in Israel, is a politician of the Likoud and Prime Minister for the State of Israel of 1996 to 1999.

Formation

Grandson of an emigrated rabbi of Lithuania in Palestine in 1920, Benyamin Netanyahou was born with Tel Aviv the October 21st 1949 in a militant family from the " revisionism sioniste". His/her father, Bension Netanyahou was in particular the secretary of Zeev Vladimir Jabotinsky, the spiritual father Israeli line in which was born later the Likoud. With the beginning of the year 1960, the Netanyahou family leaves Jerusalem to settle in the United States where the future Israeli Prime Minister follows courses of architecture and in administration of the businesses within the Massachusetts Institute off Technology (MIT).

In 1967, it returns to Israel where it carries out its military service in the rows of Tsahal. Its incorporation within a crack corps of the army enabled him to take part in significant operations, following the example raid of release of a plane of the Sabena diverted in 1972 on the airport of Lod. A military action in which also Ehud Barak took part.

Of return to the United States, it is employed within the Boston Consulting Group, a consultancy in strategy, until 1978, before going back to Israel within industries RIM to Jerusalem. The end of the year 1970 is punctuated of a dramatic event which will mark the development and the reinforcement of its political action, the Raid of Entebbe during which his/her Yonathan brother dies in the combat during the delivery of Western hostages. Partisan of peace by safety, it shows himself resolutely hostile with the creation of a Palestinian State to the profit of a permanent control on the " Judaea-Samarie " (the West Bank) and of colonies of settlements. This position will undergo many international pressures at the time of its accession at the post of Prime Minister for the State of Israel.

Beginnings in policy

Resulting from a militant family from right-hand side and he even implied in specific actions of support for the Likoud, Benyamin Netanyahou begins truly its political career off by chapeautant the construction of the Yonathan Institute for the Study Terrorism. A platform of reflection bearing the name of his/her brother, hero of the Raid of Entebbe, and the purpose of which is to sensitize the public opinion on the questions of security which touch the State of Israel. Very near to the right elected members, it is named as collaborator within the Israeli Embassy with Washington (1982-1984) under the orders of the chief of station Moshe Arens. In 1984, it is the subject of a promotion by assuming the role of Ambassador of the Hebrew State near the the United Nations with New York. Two successive positions where it was quickly made know on the national scene and international, like a convincing lawyer of the Israeli positions in the conflict of the Middle East.

Of a meteoric career within the diplomatic administration, an entry in policy with its election like deputy followed to the Knesset in 1988. Rising star of the Likoud, it climbed successively the scales while becoming in turn Minister associated for the Foreign affairs (1988-1990), then special adviser during the negotiations relating to the Conférence of Madrid for peace. Its rise in the Staff of Likoud is such as it becomes the spearhead about it before beating the member of the Labor Party Shimon Peres at the time of the elections of 1996.

Mandate of Prime Minister

In 1996, it is elected Prime Minister for the State of Israel and becomes thus the youngest head of government of the history of the country, as well as the first with being born after the proclamation of independence. Following the defeat of the Members of the Labor Party, the arrival of a member of the Likoud to the businesses had as a result a difference in policy in the management of the crisis to the the Middle East and the peace process started with the Palestinians. From the start, the new Prime Minister adopted a creed based on safety in exchange of peace.

Opposed at the origin with the Agreements of Oslo, he will regard them for as much as " an accomplished fact " at the beginning of its mandate, except for the negotiation of the statute of Jerusalem which was however envisaged in the commitments entered into. Of maximalist obedience on the territorial level, it aimed to maintain a control on the " Judaea-Samarie " (the West Bank), by supporting the construction of new Israeli establishments on this portion of territory. Opposed to the creation of a Palestinian State, it was favorable to a statute of autonomy extended, such as already envisaged in the Accords of Oslo. These various positions marked a major turning compared to the policy followed formerly by the members of the Labor Party, and were the subject of a degradation of the relations with the Palestinian Autorité which showed it to freeze the dialog for peace.

On the international plan, its mandate was also that of the management of the crisis to the South-Lebanon, between the maintenance of units of Tsahal supported by the militia of the Armée with the Lebanon-South (ALS) and the pressing requests within the public opinion, in order to carry out a military withdrawal. This last took place only at the time of the mandate of Ehud Barak, its successor with primature.

On the level of the relations with the White House and the European Union, the positions of Benyamin Netanyahou with regard to the Palestinian Authority, was often criticized. As of 1996, the international community is moved by what recurring blockings of the Palestinian territories and the punctuality of the dialog with its representatives, do not undermine the peace process and the acquired projections on this subject. Until 1999 and with the return to the capacity of the members of the Labor Party under the crook of Ehud Barak, these relations will be relatively conflict.

Beaten with the elections of the month of May 1999, Benyamin Netanyahou resigns of its mandate of president of the Likoud. In 2002, it returns in the cabinet of primature to replace Shimon Peres, at the post of Foreign Minister. It occupies then the wallet of Finances which it will preserve until in 2005 in the 2nd government of Ariel Sharon.

Within Likoud

After a passage within the cabinet of Ariel Sharon and following the advertisement of the Disengagement plan of the Gaza Strip, he resigns of his ministerial functions and tries to cause the abandonment of this project by mobilizing part of Likoud, in vain. With the advertisement of anticipated elections for 2006 and the creation of Kadima by Ariel Sharon, Benyamin Netanyahou becomes again the strong man of the Likoud.

The December 19th 2005, it is elected leader of the Likoud with 43,1% of the voices, against 37,4% for Silvan Shalom.

The December 29th 2005, it orders to the four Likoud ministers of the government to postpone their resignation envisaged Sunday January 8th 2006 because of the situation created by the degradation of the health condition of Ariel Sharon. A request accommodated favorably by the minister Israëll Katz who announced that the members of the Likoud would remain with the government as a long time as necessary.

August 14th, 2007, he is re-elected with the téte Likoud with 73% of the voices compared with 22% for the religious right-wing candidate Moshe Feiglin.

Functions

Of the December 26th 1988 with the June 11th 1990: Vice-minister of the Foreign affairs.
Of the June 25th 1990 with the November 11th 1991: Vice-minister of the Foreign affairs.
Of the June 18th 1996 with the July 6th 1999: Prime Minister and Ministre for Housing.
Of the June 18th 1996 with the August 7th 1996: Minister for the Religious affairs.
Of the June 18th 1996 with the September 4th 1996: Minister for Justice.
Of the June 18th 1996 with the July 9th 1997: Minister for Finance and Minister for Scienses.
Of the August 12th 1997 with the August 22nd 1997: Minister for the Religious affairs.
Of the January 20th 1998 with the February 25th 1998: Minister for the Religious affairs.
Of the December 18th 1998 with the February 23rd 1999: Minister for Finance.
Of the November 6th 2002 with the February 28th 2003: Foreign Minister.
Of the February 28th 2003 with the August 9th 2005: Minister for Finance.

External bonds

Blog de Benyamin Netanyahou - Official Blog, writing and video.

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