The Bataille of Maserfield (or Maserfeld , or Maes Cogwy in Welsh) opposed the Anglo-Saxon kings , Oswald de Northumbrie and Penda de Mercie in 642. Oswald dies in the battle and its kingdom is conquered.
Welsh annals bring back 644 like date, but 642 is that most commonly allowed.
Historical context
Since the death of the uncle d' Oswald, Edwin de Northumbrie, with Hatfield Drives out in 633, Merciens under Penda are an obstacle with the power of the Northumbrie on the territories of the South.
Oswald gains in 634 with Heavenfield the British under Cadwallon ap Cadfan (Ally of Penda to Hatfield Chase), and so restores a hegemony of Northumbrie on the Great Britain.
Although it is known as that Penda recognized the authority of Oswald, there perhaps remained hostile with the Northumbrie or at least perceived like a threat by Oswald.
The battle
The reasons which led to the battle of Maserfield are not known. The historian Bède one century later, described Oswald like a holy figure. Its desire to bring back the facts in manner embellished could have made him forget to mention the warlike tendencies aggressive of Oswald. It states only that Oswald died during the battle to defend its kingdom.The localization of this battle is traditionally identified as being the Owestry . If this localization is correct, Ca would like to say that Oswald was in enemy territory, and thus probably in offensive mode.
The result of the battle was the defeat of the Northumbrie. Bède reports that Oswald would have requested for the heart of its soldiers when it felt that it was about to die.
The skin of Oswald was cut out in part, its head and its arms assembled on spades. The remainders were found the following year per his/her brother and successor Oswiu.
As Penda was pagan, and Oswald was Christian, this last was regarded as a Martyr and a Saint.
Bède brings back a certain number of miracles around the bones of Oswald and the place where it was killed.
It seems that Eowa, brother of Penda, him also King de Mercie, was killed during this same battle. It could be that Eowa it is combined with Oswald. It was suggested that Eowa was the king dominating of Merciens, controlling the territories north of Mercie, while Penda would have controlled the southern territories. Being given that sources ( Historia Britonum ) indicate that Penda would have reigned during 10 years (Bède indicating 22 years, of 633 with 655), that could to indicate that its reign is gone back as initial with the victory from the battle to Maserfield, which has direction only if the death of Eowa removed an important rival of Penda, enabling him to consolidate its supremacy on the Mercie.
According to Stenton , the battle of Maserfield gave to Penda the statute " better king in angleterre" (" the most formidable king in England"). He kept this statute until his death in 655 at the time of the Bataille of Winwaed.
Sources
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