Basava

Basava (also known under the name of Basaveshwara, Kannada: ಬಸವೇಶ್ವರ, or Basavanna (ಬಸವಣ್ಣ), 1134 - 1196) was important philosophical a shivaïte, perhaps founder of a sect shivaïte of first order, chief in any case of the lingâyat at its time, a Hindu social reformer, as well as a mystical poet. He practiced a policy against the system of castes and deviances in the hindouism.

He is also known as being Krantikari (revolutionary) Basavanna for his reform in the social system of the 12th century. One also called it like " Vishwa-gourou" , highly honorary title. Its lesson and preachings exceed all the borders and are universal. He was a large humanitarian. Basava recommended a new way of living where the divine experiment was the center of the life giving the equal opportunity to all the candidates independently of the kind, the caste, and the social status.

This spiritual movement shivaïte, that of the lingâyat , “carriers of linga (m)” (in Sanskrit, distinctive sign, possibly sexual organ of the man; symbol under which Shiva generally is venerated), still named vîraçaiva , or “shivaïtes hero”, developed in India of the South and had for chief, and perhaps as a founder, Basava , which regarded the divinity as the main cause and single of the world. The doctrines which it defended explain in these terms: the gasoline of Shiva is the brahman. It is in him that resided, at the beginning of times, the identity between the empirical world and the universal heart, and it is in him that this new identity will be formed. Through the bhakti, the man enters in correspondence with the shakti (“energy”, personified female principle) of Shiva and, with the help of the practice of yoga, arrives at perfect fusion between ego, the shakti and Shiva. The followers, to arrive at the union with Shiva, must also carry the linga (m) around the neck in amulet. This confession refuses the marriage between children, allows the widows of remarier, refuses the system of the castes, the practice of the sacrifices and the pilgrimages.

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