Avre
See also: Avre (homonymy)
The Avre is a French Rivière affluent of the the Eure, a 80 km length. It sprinkles in particular Verneuil-sur-Avre. It constituted the border of the Duché of Normandy, with fortresses in several places, in particular with Verneuil, Tillières-on-Avre and Nonancourt.
Its catchment area (917 km ²) been the subject of a diagram of installation and management of water (WISE) under development on 97 communes distributed in three departments, the Eure, Eure-et-Loir and Flowering ash.
It is in its basin that sources are collected whose water is conveyed by the Aqueduc of Avre for the requirements in drinking water for Paris.
Etymology
It is difficult to separate the name of this river from the Celtic root-word meaning " rivière" : Breton modern SWALLOW-HOLE " rivière" ; Modern Welshman AFON; Modern Irishman ABHAINN. The passage of NR to R is a phenomenon of extremely frequent Rhotacisme.
Hydrology
The flow of Avre was observed over one 37 years period (1971-2007), with Muzy, locality of the Département of the Eure located very close to its confluence with the the Eure. The catchment area of the river is there of 880 km ² on a total of 914. The following figures thus relate to more than 96% of the total area catchment.
The interannual medium flow or module of the river is of 3,46 m ³ a second.
Avre presents little marked seasonal fluctuations. The high waters are located in winter, and carry the average flow monthly on a level from 4,37 to 5,39 m ³ a second, from January to April included (with an in February maximum), and low waters in summer, from July to September, with a fall of the monthly medium flow up to 2,0 m ³ in August, which remains comfortable. But these monthly averages hide variations much more important over short periods.
In period of low water level, the VCN3 can fall until 0,9 m ³, in the event of dry quinquennial period. Let us recall that the VCN3 is the past minimal quantity or minimal flow over three days consecutive.
Avre, like the Eure, can have marked enough risings. The recorded maximum instantaneous flow was of 31,1 m ³ a second on March 23rd, 2001, while the value maximum day laborer was of 30,3 m ³ a second at the same date. The QIX 10, or calculated flow of decennial rising, is of 24 m ³ a second. As for the QIX 20 and QIX 50, they are worth respectively 27 and 32 m ³ (see note).
Lastly, the QIX 2 and the QIX 5 have their importance. They are the flows calculated for a biennial and quinquennial rising. They are worth repectivement 15 and 20 m ³.
The Lame of water past in the basin of Avre is of 124 millimetres annually, which is very little, much lower than the overall average of France like to the average of the totality of the catchment area of the Seine (220 mm). The specific Débit (or Qsp) is not assembled since at 3,2 liters a second and per square kilometer of basin.
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