Auch

Auch (in Occitan Gascon Aush ) is a common French, located in the department of the Gers, of which it is the Préfecture, department pertaining to the area the Midday-Pyrenees. It is in the province of Gascogne of which it is regarded as the historical capital.

Its inhabitants is called the Auscitains .

Geography

This city is crossed by the Gers, river which is thrown in the the Garonne. It is the historical capital of the Gascogne.

Gers divides Auch between the High-City, left bank, place of the medieval city built on a hill, where are the majority of the old momuments, and the Low-City, built in plain. The High-City is connected to the banks of Gers by “pousterles”, typical streets narrow in staircase.

History

The rock headland, located at the edge of the river Gers, was occupied by the men of the time well before the conquest of the Gaulle by the Roman legions (52 av. J. - C.). Auch owes its name with the Auscii, the Aquitanian people which occupied the Oppidum d' Eliumberrum (“new city” in Basque). After the War of Gaules, the oppidum was abandoned with the profit of the valley. The Romans settled there while renaming the site of the name of Augusta Auscorum in the honor of the emperor Auguste.

The new city, located in the current “low-city”, became a regional metropolis of the Roman province of Novempopulanie. After the bag of the principal city of the province, Eauze, Augusta Auscorum became the principal urban and administrative center.

At the time of the advent of the Christianity, Auch is logically set up in évêché then in Archevêché. It then became (and remains still today) a religious place of first importance.

During the medieval time, the town of Auch was the capital for a time of the counts d' Armagnac (X {{E}} and XI {{E}} century S). The city was taken and taken again at multiple times and was used as decoration with the anecdotic quarrels between the ecclesiastical, municipal and seigneuriaux capacities. The blazon of the city reveals still today the fight between the red drawn up lion (blazon of the Armagnacs) and the lamb (symbol of the archbishops).

Like underlining the place of the religion with Auch and the range of their capacities, the archbishops made build on the ruins of old the Romance Cathédrale burnt, one of the most majestic cathedrals of the South-west of France (XV {{E}} - XVI {{E}} centuries). The basilica Sainte-Marie always dominates the city by its gigantic proportions.

Lastly, with the XVIII {{E}} century, under Louis XV, the intendant of Étigny transformed the city by giving him the face that we know to him with the construction of the majority of his remarkable buildings (town hall, hotel of Intendance, walk…).

One can thus say that the town of Auch, through the centuries, was what it is still today, i.e. the administrative metropolis of the Gascogne.

Heraldic

Left, with the first of mouths to the paschal lamb of money, the circumvented head, carrying a bannerette of azure charged with a money small cross also, with the pole of same posed out of bar, with the second of money to the lion of mouths armed with sand

Economy

Auch is the seat of the Chamber of commerce and industry of Gers.

Famous characters

Mgr Maurice Guards, born in 1945, Archbishop of Auch since 2004
Jacques Fouroux, sportsman
Mgr Maurice Fréchard, born in 1928, Archbishop of Auch of 1996 to 2004
Andre Daguin, restorer
Louis Henri de Pardaillan
Blaise de Monluc, (1500-1577), soldier and Gascon writer
D' Artagnan (1611-1673), the famous Gascon who was killed during the seat of Maastricht
Guillaume de Salluste of Barthas, (1544-1590), Poète
Joseph de Pesquidoux (1869-1946), writer
Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse (1747-1812), General admiral
Georges Furrier-Doisy, pioneer of the Aviation
Jean Louis Brigitte Spain (1769-1809), General of Empire, it was mortally wounded with Essling
Jean Lannes (1769-1809), Maréchal of Empire, one of the rare friends of Napoleon and one of his best soldiers, it is mortally wounded in Essling
Maurice Parisot
Jean Laborde, (1805-1878), peaceful conquering of Madagascar
Arnaud Denjoy (1884-1974), mathematician
Paul Armagnac, the pilot Gascon
Sorry Jean Joseph (1767-1828), politician
Antoine Dash-Provost, appointed under the Third Republic, militant of SFIO and the democratic Socialist party, born in Auch.
Georges Vedel, (1910-2002), lawyer and academician
Raymond Mastrotto is an old runner cyclist professional, born on November 1st (1934) in the commune
Constantin Font (1890-1954), painter
Henry Broncan sporting, current trainer of the FCAG (club Rugby)
Nicolas Differ sporting, child of the commune, impassioned model making and of Band-drawn, person in charge of the téléthon since December 2003 (assistant of Henry Broncan Week End)
Dominic Serres, painter

Places of teaching

Schools

List to supplement:

School Mullet of Lisle : Primary education; School Condorcet (school of application): Primary education; School Jean-Jaurès : Primary education; School of the Bridge-National : Primary education; School Guynemer : Primary education and Nursery school; School Saint-Exupéry : Primary education and Nursery school (Address: Avenue of Yser); School Arago : Primary education and Nursery school School Saint Paul : Nursery school and Primary education

Colleges

List to supplement:

College Carnot : Public college

Internet site: http://automne-carnot-auch.ac-toulouse.fr

College Mathalin : Public college

Internet site: http://automne-clg-mathalin.ac-toulouse.fr

College Salinis : Public college

Internet site: http://pedagogie.ac-toulouse.fr/col-salinis-auch/

Colleges

List to supplement:

College of Garros : Public lycée

College Pardailhan : Public lycée
LEGTA Beaulieu-Lavacant

Oratorical College St Marie' : Private college

Tourist monuments and places

Monuments

City created by the Romans, Auch knew his hour of glory with the Middle Ages whereas it was the capital of the province of Gascogne. The great quality of its calcareous stone is one of the elements of the architectural prestige of its cathedral. It in magnifie monuments and residences of the “high city” as well as the lanes in staircase called Pousterle S.

; Sainte-Marie cathedral:

The Cathédrale Sainte-Marie d' Auch built XV {{E}} with the XVIIe century is famous for its stained glasses carried out by Arnaud of Moles. The chorus in massive Chêne is composed of 113 Stalles representing more: 1500 characters. On the way of Saint-Jacques-with-Compostelle this cathedral gave old people's home to the pilgrims. Other monuments testify to this passage and religious enthusiasm to the Middle Ages (main doors, Hospital, Couvent transformed into the current public library, oratory…).

; Town hall:

The town hall of Auch, opposite the Sainte-Marie cathedral, contains a theater, which is used as versatile room (cinema, theater, music…), with the painted ceiling and balconies, and comprising a large gloss with the ceiling.

; Turn of Armagnac: In addition, Henri IV remained in some auscitains places. The tower of the Files archiépiscopales, known as tower of Armagnac, built with the XIVe century was in the beginning a prison depending on the palate of the Archbishop's palace of Auch. With time, for lack of prisoners, one made use of it to store the religious files. At the XIXe century, the tower found its function first, because belonging to the prison (which was with the site of the current Salinis place). It was definitively unused when the prisons auscitaines were built behind the new law courts in the years 1860. The keep, high of 40 meters, is drawn up at the top of the monumental staircases dedicated to famous the D' Artagnan.

; Monumental staircase: Work of art connecting the high city to the low city of 370 steps. Constituting a splendid whole of the tower of Armagnac, cathedral, palate archiépispocal and banks of Gers; sheltering the statue of D' Artagnan musketeer. This staircase is relatively recent: it was completed about 1865. But, its construction was undoubtedly rather hasty. So 150 years after it is in a sad state; almost in ruin. The city seeks sponsors and assistances to ensure a repair (estimated cost: 6 million euros).

; Museum of the Jacobins: It has a collection of potteries précolombiennes of the exceptional area of Nazca

; Flowered city ***: Auch also obtained the national Price of the Tree in 2000. The walk Claude Desbons, course arranged of 4 km on the banks of Gers, offers an exceptional framework for the relaxation in full heart of the city. It allows a pedestrian access towards the raised park of Couloumé (420 different gasoline trees on 5 ha).

Events

Every years, in October (towards mid-October), the festival " Independence (S) and Création" , created at the time of the 20 years of association MOVIES 32, allows a meeting of the public professionals, public young person, school and film enthusiasts around about fifty films, projected ahead first, very often in the presence of their realizer (director) or actors, speakers…

The circus is put at the honor the every years in October with festival CIRCA (Festival of the current circus).

Every 2 years the national Festival is held to with it of cartoon film of Auch, organized by the French Association of the cinema of animation (AFCA).

The festival of classical music Shouts proceeds every year in June starting from the house of Gascogne.

Administration

Demography

Archbishop's palace and Archdiocese of Auch

The Archbishop of Auch had the title of primacy of Novempopulanie as that of Lyon carried the title of primacy of Gaules.

The Diocese of Auch inherits the title of Subway into 856, after the sacage of the town of Eauze. But the first bishop of Auch appears towards 280.

The list of the Archbishops of Auch sees prestigious characters, many saints and many cardinals.

The Archdiocese of Auch released after Strasbourg, Paris and Cambrai the most annual incomes, which had with an important dîme.

The nomination of the Archbishops of Auch saw long discussions between the King, the Pope and the Canons.

The Archbishop of Auch was until in 2002, and that during many centuries, Métropolitain of immense Ecclesiastical Province, formerly formed of Gascogne and Navarre Frenchwoman and Spanish.

Twinning

References

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