Armand Augustin Louis de Caulaincourt - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

Origin

Oldest son of the marquis de Caulaincourt, general officer, Armand entered to the service at 15 years, was successively second lieutenant, lieutenant, captain, assistance-of-camp of his father and staff officer.

Aide-de-camp

Lieutenant in 1789, he becomes aide-de-camp of his father in 1791 and, in spring 1792, the time of the declaration of war of the France in Europe, he is captain with the staff of his uncle, of Harville.

June 1st 1792, suspect because noble, Caulaincourt is voluntary to be useful in the Parisian national guard - section of the Red Cross - as private; grace in particular to Lazare Shakes, it reconquers its ranks quickly and becomes aide-de-camp of Aubert-Dubayet to the Armée with the coasts of Cherbourg. In March 1796, Caulaincourt accompanies this last with Venice, then with Constantinople.

Of return in France in June 1797 with the Othoman ambassador, it made the countryside of Germany in year VII and fights on the the Rhine with Stockach, with Weinheim, Messkirch and Neresheim with 8th of cavalry, then with the 2nd Police officers.

Diplomat

Promoted colonel, Caulaincourt is sent by Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord, the October 14th 1801, on mission diplomatic for six months with Saint-Pétersbourg. Even if it fails in its mission insofar as it is let subjugate and operate by the tsar Alexandre I {{er}}, Caulaincourt allured Napoleon Bonaparte which takes it as Aide-de-camp in August 1802, before naming it Brigadier general in August 1803.

The March 10th 1804, it is still Caulaincourt which is sent to Strasbourg by the First Consul to organize the removal of the duke of Enghien, with Ettenheim, in territory badois. In June 1804, Caulaincourt is promoted Master of the Horse . In this function, it occupies in particular of what one would call today l'" agenda" of Napoleon i, of his personal safety in shift, sending of the dispatches, estafettes and stables.

In February 1805, he is Major general and serves until in 1807 with the staff of the Large army before being sent as ambassador in Russia in November 1807 and made duke of Vicence in June 1808. Caulaincourt having given up the military career at the end of the Consulate to become diplomat and Master of the Horse of Napoleon i, it tried in vain to divert Napoleon i of the tragedy ventures Russian.

Pointed out in May 1811, Caulaincourt turns over to Russia in 1812 with the Large army and saw one important moment of its life when, from the 7 to the December 18th 1812, it returns in sledge and truck of Russia to France, only with Napoleon i who entrusts to him. It was him whom the Emperor chooses for companion of his voyage of Smorgoni to Paris. The confidence of Napoleon for Caulaincourt still increased by this head with fourteen day old head and fourteen nights.

He will consign in his Mémoires the remarks made by Napoleon in front of him, thus leaving to the historians a very invaluable testimony on a crowd of subjects. In April 1813, Caulaincourt is named senator.

Plenipotentiary near the sovereigns combined during the Countryside of Saxony, it signed the Armistice of Pleswitz, was then sent July 1813 to the April 3rd 1814 as Ambassador plenipotentiary with the Congrès of Prague where it highly worked to bring peace: for C. Mullié, it was neither its fault, nor that of Napoleon if she were not concluded.

Senator in 1813 and it is November 20th 1813 at April 1814, Minister for the Foreign relations (Foreign Minister), negotiator with the Congrès of Châtillon, plenipotentiary of Napoleon for the treaty of the April 11th 1814, it carried his abdication to the provisional government.

He takes again the wallet of Minister for the foreign relations during the Hundred Days, of the March 21st to the July 8th 1815. During this period, it becomes one of the most important politicians by influencing Bonaparte on its foreign politics. Faithful among the faithful ones it did not accompany Napoleon in its second exile.

Member of the Commission of the provisional government, then carried on the list of the July 24th 1815, it was striped at once by it after the personal intervention of the Alexandre tsar Ist.

He returns to France, withdraws himself on his grounds and fact proof of greatest discretion before dying in Paris, the February 19th 1827. It was one of the politicians of the Prime Minister Worsens most honest and most faithful towards Napoleon. C. Mullié indicates that Caulaincourt was absolutely foreign with the removal of the duke of Enghien to Ettenheim, and consequently with died of the prince. The name of the duke of Vicence is reproduced on the Triumphal arch of the Star.

One published 1837 with 1840, under the title of Souvenirs of the duke of Vicence , of interesting memories on the Empire. His/her oldest son was senator under Napoleon III.

To Paris, a street of Montmartre bears in homage to the general the name of Rue Caulaincourt.

References

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