António Agostinho Neto Kilamba (September 17th 1922, Icolo E Bengo- September 10th 1979, Moscow) is a politician Angola is, first president of the Angola and general secretary of the Popular liberation movement of Angola.

Youth

Neto is the son of Pasteur methodist. It follows studies of medicine to Coimbra then to Lisbon. In the colonial capital Portuguese, it attends the medium of the exiled Angolans. Neto belongs to a movement which seeks to make revive the traditional Angolan culture. Neto writes poems besides exciting the Angolan culture. It also takes part in various Angolan nationalist movements.

The combat for independence

Once its completed studies of medicine, Neto returns to Angola. Its opposition to Portuguese colonialism and military repression sends it in prison in 1960. It spends two years imprisoned to the Cape Verde (then part of the Portuguese colonial Empire), then in Portugal but it succeeds in escaping and leaves in exile to the Morocco. From there it directs the MPLA, movement independence anticolonialist and Marxist Angolan.

The Révolution of the eyelets in Lisbon in 1974 puts an end to the colonial and dictatorial mode of Antonio Salazar. The brutal repression of the Portuguese army in Angola stops. The soldiers, from now on to the capacity in Lisbon, offer independence in the majority of the Portuguese colonies. The date for the declaration of the independence of Angola is fixed at the November 11th 1975. The Portuguese authorities do not wish officially to choose among the military groups which will obtain to be able it in the independent Angola news. Talks are engaged between the three military main movements (MPLA, FNLA and UNITA of Jonas Savimbi). Neto represents the MPLA and Co-sign there the agreements of Alvor the January 10th 1975. In accordance with this agreement, a transition government is set up the January 31st.

The fight for the capacity

But Neto, considers that only its liberation movement, MPLA, is ready to be able to give the capacity to the Angolan people and to “to build a company where man is not exploited any more by the man” .

Start then between the three independence movements, a race for the power which degenerates quickly into a civil war which will last several decades. However, Neto does not perceive this conflict like such; for him, it is only the final stage of liquidation of the colonialism which still survives in the two movements of opposition.

The November 11th 1975, the Portugal offers the independence of Angola, not with a government but with the people of Angola . Neto then hastens to proclaim the Popular republic of Angola from which it appoints the president. International recognition of the mode of the MPLA which however does not control that part of the country is rather fast.

The installation of the dictatorship

While the civil war continues, Neto gradually sets up a Dictature of inspiration Marxist-Leninist, copying the Soviet model. Neto sets up, thus, the MPLA in Sole party, imposing in Angola a very powerful party-State not tolerating any external opposition. The civic rights most elementary are consequently ridiculed and the autonomous organizations or associations are prohibited. The Freedom of expression is, in fact, to censure by the State which will even seek to control the cultural events.

Following an attempt at Putsch missed, the May 27th 1977, against its person, Neto decides to purge the MPLA of its opponents who either are carried out, or stopped. Then, calling upon the need for fighting against these “fractional”, Neto grants the full powerss.

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