Aeronautics before the XVIIIe century

Before the XVIIIe century in aeronautics - XVIIIe century in aeronautics - XIXe century in aeronautics

---- This page presents the Chronologie of aeronautics before the XVIIIe century , period when aeronautics is limited to some attempts, sometimes legendary, generally unfruitful.

Before Xe century

Approximately -2100 : Myth of Etana. Etana, king de Babylone between -2123 and -2081, accomplish a mythical flight, raised by an eagle.
Approximately -750 : Birth of the legend of Maze and Icare.
Approximately -600 - -400 : The Chinese start to use kite.
66 : A magician presents in front of the emperor Néron an attempt at vol. It commits suicide.
Approximately 875 : Abbas Ibn Firnas launches out of a tower to Cordoue, Spain and accomplishes a flight planed thanks to wood wings and feathers. The Arabs regard it as the first man to have flown, the equal one of Clement Ader for the French or the frêres Wright for American.

Xe in XVIe century

1060 : An English monk, Eilmer off Malmesbury launches out of a tower and accomplishes a planed flight of approximately 120 meters thanks to a sailplane out of wooden. He breaks the legs with the landing.
1241 : The Mongolian army uses kite carriers of torches in the Bataille of Legnica.
Approximately 1250 : The English monk Roger Bacon writes the first known technical description of the flight of a Ornithoptère in his book Secrets of art and nature .
1282 : Marco Polo speaks about flights ritual in kite.
1486 - 1513 : Léonard de Vinci conceives a ornithoptère with orders of vol. It draws diagrams of flying machines like Hélicoptère S and Parachute S and taking account of the aerodynamic form and air flow.
1496 : The Italian mathematician Giambattista Danti would have flown starting from a tower.
Approximately 1500 : Hieronymus Bosch watch in its Triptych the temptation of Saint Antoine , among other flying things, two ships combatant above a city.
1558 : Giambattista della Porta publishes a theory and a handbook of construction for a kite.

XVIIe century

1638 : John Wilkins, bishop of Chester, suggests some ideas with the future potential pilots in his book the Discovery of a world on the Moon .
1644 : The Italian physicist Evangelista Torricelli succeeds in showing the existence of the Atmospheric pressure and producing a Vide.
1648 : François Godevin publishes “the man in the Moon”. He imagines an space engine tractor drawn by geese.
1654 : Physicist and mayor of Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke measurement the weight of the air and makes the famous experiment of the Magdeburger Halbkugeln (Hémisphères of Magdeburg). Sixteen horses are unable to separate two half-spheres inside whose a total vacuum had been made.
1670 : The Jésuite Francesco Lana de Terzi describes in its treaty Prodomo a project of plane flying in the vacuum, considered as the realistic foreground of flying machine. However, of Terzi notes: God will never authorize us to build such machines… because each one realizes that more no city will be safe from an attack…
1678 : Probable flight of the French metal worker Jacob Besnier with a machine which could beat wings.
1680 : The Italian physicist Giovanni Alfonso Borelli, the father of the Biomécanique watch in its treaty Of the movement of the animals that the beat of wings using the human muscles cannot have success.
1687 : Isaac Newton (1642-1727) publishes his Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica , bases traditional physics. Into volume II it introduces the equation of the aerodynamic trail.

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