Aedui

The Hindi (or Hindi , local name: hindī/हिन्दी) is spoken about the Langues of India: according to the edition of 1999 of the World Almanac , more than 360 million people would use it like first language. Officially, the Hindi should be used as Lingua franca in India, which, in the facts, is not the case since approximately 40 % of the population only states to use it. Primarily spoken in north and the center about India, it is a Indo-European language branch of the Indo-Aryan languages, derived from the Sanskrit and various Prâkrits, written most of the time by means of the Alphasyllabaire Devanāgarī, which is read and written from left to right.

The Urdu is very close to the Hindi but is written by means of the Arabic alphabet (from right to left), in its alternative Persian. Its vocabulary is enamelled Persan and Arab terms. The Hindi and the Urdu one are two very close languages with the oral examination but which, before the partition of 1947 between India and the Pakistan, constituted only one and even language, called Hindustani.

Phonology and writing

The writing devanāgarī , of semi-syllabic type, consists of consonant signs comprising a vowel " inhérente" , likely to be modified or removed by additional signs. The table below recapitulates the vowels in full form and with their form shortened (diacritic or mātrā, मात्रा) coupled with the consonant/p/.

The table below indicates the traditional order of Sanskrit and the Hindi with the equivalents in French. Each consonant indicated below is regarded as followed its inherent vowel " neutre" Schwa ( /ə/ ), and is named like such. The pronunciation is indicated in API.

Bindings (joint consonants)

क् + क = क्क
क् + ख = क्ख
क् + त = क्त
क् + य = क्य
क् + र = क्र
क् + ल = क्ल
क् + व = क्व
क् + श = क्श
क् + ष = क्ष
क् + ष् + म = क्ष्म
क् + स = क्स
ख् + य = ख्य
ग् + द = ग्द
ग् + न = ग्न
ग् + र = ग्र
ग् + ल = ग्ल
ग् + व = ग्व
घ् + र = घ्र
च् + च = च्च
च् + छ = च्छ
ज् + ञ = ज्ञ
ज् + र = ज्र
ट् + र = ट्र
ड् + र = ड्र
ण् + ट = ण्ट
ण् + ठ = ण्ठ
त् + क = त्क
त् + त = त्त
त् + त् + व = त्त्व
त् + थ = त्थ
त् + न = त्न
त् + म = त्म
त् + य = त्य
त् + र = त्र
त् + व = त्व
त् + स = त्स
द् + ग = द्ग
द् + द = द्द
द् + ध = द्ध
द् + भ = द्भ
द् + म = द्म
द् + य = द्य
द् + र = द्र
द् + व = द्व
ध् + य = ध्य
ध् + व = ध्व
न् + त = न्त
न् + द = न्द
न् + द् + र = न्द्र
न् + न = न्न
न् + य = न्य
न् + ह = न्ह
प् + न = प्न
प् + प = प्प
प् + य = प्य
प् + र = प्र
प् + ल = प्ल
ब् + ज = ब्ज
ब् + द = ब्द
ब् + ध = ब्ध
ब् + र = ब्र
भ् + य = भ्य
भ् + र = भ्र
म् + न = म्न
म् + र = म्र
र् + त = र्त
र् + थ = र्थ
र् + म = र्म
र् + फ = र्फ
र् + व = र्व
र् + स = र्स
ल् + म = ल्म
व् + र = व्र
श् + क = श्क
श् + च + श्च
श् + य = श्य
श् + र = श्र
श् + व = श्व
ष् + ट = ष्ट
ष् + ट् + र = ष्ट्र
ष् + ण = ष्ण
स् + क = स्क
स् + ट = स्ट
स् + त = स्त
स् + त् + र = स्त्र
स् + थ = स्थ
स् + न = स्न
स् + प = स्प
स् + य = स्य
स् + र = स्र
ह् + न = ह्न
ह् + म = ह्म
ह् + य = ह्य
ह् + र = ह्र
ह् + ल = ह्ल
ह् + व = ह्व

Lexicon

Cardinal numeral adjectives

The Hindi has the effect of having cardinal numeral adjectives (figures and numbers) all different from zero to hundred. Even if certain elements are recurring, " 45" , for example, will not be able to result nor from " 5" , nor of " 40" , nor of " 25" or " 35". In other words, they should be learned individually.

_{N.B.: The nasalisation is marked in Hindi by this sign " ँ " above the letter (example: पँ marked side). If a diacritic of vowel (मात्रा) were already added, like here पि (delivery pi), one adds simply a small point " ं " what gives पिं (delivery pine).}

0: - 1: - 2: - 3: - 4: - 5: - 6: - 7: - 8: - 9:

1: एक - 2: दो - 3: तीन - 4: चार - 5: पाँच - 6: छ - 7: सात

8: आठ - 9: नौ - 10: दस - 11: ग्यारह - 12: बारह - 13: तेरह

14: चैदह - 15: पंद्रह - 16: सोलह - 17: सत्रह - 18: अठारह

19: उन्नीस - 20: बीस - 21: इक्कीस - 22: बाईस - 23: तेईस

24: चौबीस - 25: पच्चीस - 26: छब्बीस - 27: सत्ताईस

28: अट्ठाईस - 29: उनतीस - 30: तीस - 31: इकत्तीस - 32: बत्तीस

33: तैंतीस - 34: चौंतीस - 35: पैंतीस - 36: छत्तीस - 37: सैंतीस

38: अड़तीस - 39: उनतालीस - 40: चालीस - 41: इकतालीस

42: बयालीस - 43: तैंतालीस - 44: चवालीस - 45: पैंतालीस

46: छयालीस - 47: सैंतालीस - 48: अड़तालीस - 49: उनचास

50: पचास - 51: इक्यावन - 52: बावन - 53: तिरपन