Aden
See also: Fog (homonymy)
The Brume is a Amas fines Gouttelette S or ends crystals of Glace, accompanied by fine particles Hygroscopique S saturated with Eau, often of size Microscopique, reducing the Visibilité in Surface. Its composition is thus identical to that of a Nuage whose base would touch the ground.
The marine or terrestrial fogs are physical and weather phenomena related to the condensation of water (cf Tension of vapor), but which retro-is partly controlled by the alive one, via the evapotranspiration of the forests and emissions by certain terrestrial organizations or marine organizations (phytoplankton) died of molecules capable of nucléer the steam in microphone-droplets.
Certain human activities Polluant be also contribute to the formation of artificial fogs which one will rather call Smog S
In moderate zone one calls " Fog of chaleur" the morning fog which announces in summer a beautiful day.
At sea, in misty weather or of fog, the Foghorn or siffets emitted by the buoys (if there is swell) made it possible the ships to be announced or to be located. (Rem: the sound carries better and further in the fog). The radars replace the foghorn more and more.
Fog and Fog; definition:
By convention, the meteorologists speak about fog when the Visibilité Horizontale is included/understood between 1 and 5 Kilomètre S and of Brouillard if the visibility is lower than 1 Kilomètre.Meteorology marinades and the sailors use the term of Brume whatever the horizontal visibility .
Dry fogs, fogs of pollution
The phenomenon of Smog of Pollution and photochemical Smog anthropic dates at least from the 19th century with the explosion of the use of the Houille. Certain Chinese cities are almost all the year covered with a cloud of pollution like were the European capitals in the years 1960-1970. The emissions of the vehicles and the heating and the urban kitchens are interfered with it with the Aérosol S industrialists and emitted by the phenomena of erosion and turning into a desert. The Incendie S of forest also contribute to it as show it clearly the satellite images. This pollution has chronic and sometimes acute effects on the human Santé, of the plants, the animals and the ecosystem S via phenomena of acidification in particular. The Ultraviolet S worsen the toxicity of this fog by creating there free radicals and toxic ozone, and by losing their disinfecting capacity there. Even the territories of the Arctique are touched since the years 1950 by a russet-red smog which appears each autumn. The analyzes of air made in the years 1970 with Barrow (Alaska), then with Mould Bay (North-western Canadian) showed a anthropic origin with this fog. The glacial carrots of the island of Ellesmere showed that of 1900 to 1950, the acidity of the ice and the emissions of Soufre remained almost constant, for then doubling in second half of the 20th century. Air pollution increased by 75 p. 100 in forty year in the Arctic, the Sulfur dioxide, acid, exploiting a big role, while having doubled the whole of planet.
See too
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