5th district of Paris

The 5th district of Paris is the oldest district of Paris: it recovers most of the Latin Quarter, built by the Romains under the Antiquité.

The 5th district is located on the left bank, at the edge of the the Seine. It is bordered in North by the Seine and the 4 {{E}} district, in the West by the 6 {{E}} district, and in the South by the 14 {{E}} and 13 {{E}} districts.

Roman epoch

The construction of the Roman city (Lutèce) date of the {{Ier}} century before the Christian era. It makes following the conquest of the Gallic city , established on the island of the City, by the Romans. The Roman city is then organized around the cardo maximus , axis North-South which is found in all the Roman plans, current street Saint-Jacob, according to a plan made up of perpendicular streets. The center of the city is fixed at the level from the 172 and 174 of the street Saint-Jacob, which corresponds to the top of the Montagne Holy-Genevieve. The Decumanus , East-West axis, does not have a clear layout in Paris.

The forum of the east city built with the {{Ier}} century of the Christian era to the current site of the street Soufflot, between the boulevard Saint-Michel and the street Saint-Jacob. This forum extended then roughly from the street Cujas with the street Malebranche.

The ancient city comprised also thermal baths with the angle of the Saint-Michel boulevard and Boulevard Saint-Germain, like near current the Collège de France. In the East of the city, the river of the Bièvre circumvented the Holy-Genevieve mountain to throw itself in the Seine on the level of the Small-Bridge.

Roman constructions extended to the South until current the street from the Valley-of-Grace, and to the East until the street of Pot-of-iron.

Times medieval and modern

The Holy-Genevieve mountain owes her name with the legend according to which a Nanterrienne young person would have, perched on the top of this hill, harangué the crowd terrorized by the approach of the Huns. The common prayer directed by the young girl would have saved the town of be ransacked. At the top of the mountain, in the church Saint-Etienne-of-Mount, the Châsse is where the remainders of Holy-Genevieve would be preserved. On the site of current the college Henri {{IV}} had been established monks known as “génovéfains” in reference in the name of their abbey. Clovis would have been buried in this abbey. Nevertheless, no royal burial was put there at the day.

The left bank of Paris is entirely destroyed in 885 by the Normands. The city is rebuilt really only at the 11th century. At the 12th century, the Enceinte of Philippe Auguste is at the level of the streets of the Fossés Saint-Jacob, of the Estrapade, Descartes, of Cardinal-Lemoine and the Fossés Saint-Bernard. The principal doors were on the site of current Boulevard Saint-Michel, the Saint-Jacob door (street Saint-Jacob) and right in the north of the Place of Contrescarpe. To beyond while following the layouts of an old way roamine, on banks of the river of Bièvre extends the Saint M3edard's Day borough which remains still marked by its church and the Faubourg Saint-Marceau builds on large a Gallo-Roman necropolis in which had been preserved currently fall it from Saint-Marcel (9th bishop of Paris) Rue from Collegial the, Boulevard Saint-Marcel and Rue of the ditches Saint-Marcel.

The city extends beyond only as from the modern time. The various “schools” of the Université of Paris were installed in this sector and are at the origin of the name “Latin Quarter” (where one spoke Latin). The college founded by Robert de Sorbon, called later “Sorbonne”, date of 1257.

At the time medieval, the district, haunted by avinés students, brawlers and pauper, was known to be noisy and rather badly famed.

The building of current the the Pantheon was built at the 18th century to be the Holy-Genevieve church. Déconsacré with the Revolution, it shelters the remainders of the “Great men” as the inscription of the pediment indicates it: “With the Great men, the grateful Fatherland”.

Contemporary time

Many revolutionary currents hold their name of the meeting rooms which they had chosen in the district: Cordeliers (in the {{Life}}) and the Jacobins which met in the old Saint-Jacob abbey.

At the 19th century, the funds of the immense library of Génovéfains constituted the starting funds of the college library Holy-Genevieve, while the buildings of the abbey sheltered a college named later Henri {{IV}}.

In May 1968, the Latin Quarter of Paris was the center of the revolt coed, with in particular the occupation of the Sorbonne. The barricades remained most famous are those of the street Gay-Lussac. Throughout the Years 1970, confrontations more or less violent one on several occasions take place in the district between young people of extreme-left and organizes it. Thus, the May 27th 1970, the Proletarian Gauche organizes a riot at the time of the lawsuit of Jean-Pierre Dantec, the director of the Cause of the People . The June 21st 1973, the Communist Ligue tackles the meeting organized by New Ordre with the Mutualité. The May 13rd 1980, an autonomous dies on the Campus of Jussieu while trying to escape the police force.

Since 1977, catholics traditionalists of the Fraternité Saint-Pie {{X}} occupy the Saint Nicolas's Day church of the Hanging-post (public garden of Reciprocity). In 1981, an official ceremony takes place with the the Pantheon to celebrate the election of François Mitterrand with the presidency of the republic. In November 1995, a riot bursts around the Campus of Jussieu during the strike of the civils servant. In 1998, the National university of the street of Ulm is occupied at the time of the Mouvement of the unemployed.

Today, the 5th district is before a whole university and intellectual district (many editors and bookstores), but it is also a very tourist district (very important concentration of restaurants between the Seine, the Boulevard Saint-Germain, the boulevard Saint-Michel, and the street Saint-Jacob). It is also a district animated the evening (many pubs Rue Mouffetard and street Descartes).

Policy

Traditionally a preserving and intellectual district (many academics, journalists and writers live the district), the fifth tends to slip on the left since 2004 and the regional elections and European. Thus, while placing Ségolène Royal at the head with the second tower vis-a-vis Nicolas Sarkozy by 50,89% of the votes, the district voted for the first time on the left at the time of a presidential election in 2007. Nevertheless, one month later, the voters of the district re-elected Jean Tiberi, the deputy gaullist of the district since 1968.

Deputy

In 1956, the deputy of the district Latin Quarter is then Jean-Marie Le Pen (Union and French fraternity) re-elected in 1958 under the label of the National center of independent the and beaten in 1962 by Rene Capitant (UNR).

Since 1968, the deputy of current the 2nd district of Paris (including the 5th the southern district and part of the 6th district since 1986) is Jean Tiberi (UDR then RPR starting from 1977 and UMP starting from 2002).

Mayor

The district was the district of election of Jacques Chirac at the time of the municipal elections in 1977, 1983 and 1989.

Jean Tiberi is the mayor of the district since 1983 (except for the period 1995 - 2001 as he was mayor of Paris).

Demography

With the census of 1999, the population was of: 58849 inhabitants for 254 hectares, is an average density of: 23169 hab/km ².


Public institutions

Principal monuments

Principal streets

Districts

External bonds

  • Web site of the Town hall of the 5th district of Paris
  • Paris under Antiquity
  • the Large Mosque
  • ESPCI, University of Industrial Physics and Chemistry of the Town of Paris
  • Campus of Jussieu
  • Paris5 {{E}}
  • Parliament of the unemployed of Jussieu
  • Bernard Rullier, adviser of district of the 5 {{E}}
  • Strolls photo and historical in the 5 {{E}} - Photographs of the years 1900 at our days

Random links:French royalist organizations | Stephen Rea | Andre Sennedat | The Review for the history of CNRS | Autonomous networks | Lilium