This page relates to the year 1886 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Africa

  • Rabah moves towards North and reaches the valley of the bahr Salamat where live the Sara and of the Arab tributary of the Ouadaï. They join in Rabah which attacks Ouadaï, but is pushed back after an undecided battle.
  • Lobengula, king of the Matabélé (Zimbabwe), grants concessions to the British.
  • Victoire of the Bounyoro on the Bouganda.
  • the Ethiopia conquers the Aroussi and the Ouolléga.
  • Tunisia: France undertakes to reform the administration of the provinces. Councils where are represented Tunisian, French and foreign, chaired by qaïds, sit in the main cities. The general inspectors of the various areas are used as intermediaries between the councils and the general resident. The administrative unit remains the tribe in the rural areas and the municipality in the urban areas.
  • Beginnings of work of the railway line Algiers - Constantine, after the connections Algiers Menerville and Sétif - Constantine.

America

See also: 1886 in Canada

  • March 16th: Manuel Lisandro Barillas is elected president of Guatemala (fine in 1892). It signs peace with the Peruvian Rafael Zaldival. The successor of Rufino Barrios tries to establish the reconstitution of the centraméricaine Federation diplomatically, in vain, because only the Honduras is still in favor of the federalism.
  • August 5th: New centralizing constitution in Colombia and beginning of the period of Regeneración (1886 - 1899).
  • September 18th: Jose Manuel Balmaceda, liberal candidate supported by the outgoing president Domingo Santa María, is elected president of the Republic of the Chile. It goes continues the reforming work of its predecessors until the economic crisis of 1890 makes burst the liberal coalition.
  • October 7th: Abolition of the Slavery to Cuba.
  • October 12th: The doctor Miguel Juárez Celman is elected president of the Republic Argentine. He succeeds Julio Argentino Roca which respects the principle of the not-re-eligibility. He will try to maintain prosperity at the expense of monetary stability. The economic crisis of 1890 will force it to finish its mandate before term.

  • Brazil: Importance of the movement of immigration towards the State of São Paulo. Creation of the Companhia Docas de Santos (São Paulo).

The United States

  • February: Riot antichinoise with Seattle. The government sends troops to restore the order.

  • In March, the American general George Crook captures the chief Apache Geronimo and forces it to sign a treaty which envoit the Chiricahuas in Florida. But Geronimo manages to escape and it takes again its raids. The general Nelson Miles launches out then to his continuation to the Mexico.
  • Mars - April: The Chevaliers of Work count 700  000 members with their apogee. In March, they organize a strike in the railroads of south-west following the dismissal of the one of them by the Texas and Pacific Railroad . The railwaymen launch out in sabotage. Confrontations with the police force make seven dead with Saint-Louis where the martial law is issued in April. The strikes multiply to reach the number of 1572 with the end of the year.
  • May 1st: Day of the renewal of the beams, is the date chosen in 1885 by the American organized labor to be one day of general strike and petition in favor of the eight hours day. It mobilizes 350  000 workers. The action of the most important strike takes place with Chicago (Illinois) where 40  000 workers disconnect. The owners then decide to engage “ yellow ” (the scabs ). It is the birth date of the Labor Day.
  • May 3rd: 7  000 with 10  000 ouviers strikers mass in front of the factories Mc Cormick close to Chicago to protest against the “yellow ” strikebreakers and to decry them. The police force charges, then the army intervenes making 6 dead and of many casualties.
  • May 4th: New load, at the time of the meeting of protest joining together close to 150  000 people, making new deaths. The city is in state of siege and a bomb explodes killing 15 police officers. At the time of the riots of Haymarket Public garden, eight anarchistic militants are stopped and condemned. Four will be hung. The Knights of work, however foreigners with the attack, lose their audience.
  • Be: Claim of Cleburne (Texas): the Farmers Alliance requires a legislation aiming at guaranteeing the people against the abuses capitalism. She proposes the regulation of prices of the rail-bound transports, the heavy imposition of the grounds had at speculative ends and the increase in the money supply.
  • September 4th: The chief apache Géronimo goes to the general Nelson Miles, who encircles his tribe in his camping of Sonora (Mexico). Geronimo accepts the temporary exile in Florida, then in Alabama and finally the regrouping with Fort Sill in 1894, in the Oklahoma, where it settles as farmer.
  • September: Martial law with Thibodeaux, Louisiana, where took refuge strikers of the sugar plantations expelled of their huts. Confrontations burst in the night of the September 22nd and make thirty dead and a hundred wounded among the black strikers.
  • October 25th: Wabash vs Illinois. The American Federation off Labor]] '' (AFL), chaired by [[Samuel Gompers]], more moderate than the Knights of work, who discredited themselves during the strikes by making alliance with anarchists. * Winter 1886- [[1887]]: Collapse of the Empire of the cattle. During the winter, snow prevents the herds from feeding. The animals are decimated. === Oceania & Peaceful === * [[April 6th]]: Treaty enters Great Britain and Germany relating to the demarcation of the spheres of influence the Eastern Pacific [http://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Trait%C3%A9_entre_la_Grande-Bretagne_et_l'Allemagne_relatif_%C3%A0_la_d%C3%A9marcation_des_sph%C3%A8res_d'influence?match=en]. [[Great Britain]] moves back in front of the requirements of [[Germany]]: [[Berlin]] obtains a quarter of [[New Guinea]] ([[German New Guinea|ground of the Emperor-Guillaume]]), part of [[the Solomon Islands|Solomon]], it [[New Britain]] (News-Poméranie), it [[New Ireland]] (New-Mecklembourg), them [[islands of the Duke of York]] (New-Lauenbourg) and of many islands whose whole will constitute it [[Bismarck archipelago]]. * Discovered seams of [[gold]] in [[Australia]]. === Asia & Indian world === * {{January 1st}}: The High one [[Burma]] becomes a province of the British Indies. The abolition of Burmese monarchy causes a popular rising which resists ten years military repression. * [[Mars (month)|March]], [[Japan]]: Foundation of [[the university of Tōkyō|imperial university of Tōkyō]] ('' Teikoku Daigaku ''). [[Mori Arinori]], formed with the culture and the foreign languages, Minister for education is named (fine in [[1889]]). * [[June 4th]]: Treaty of friendship and trade enters France and it [[Korea]]. ** After having signed [[unequal treaties]] with [[the United States]], it [[Great Britain]] ([[1883]]) and it [[Germany]], [[Seoul]] made in the same way with [[Russia]], it [[Italy]] (1884) and it [[France]] (1886). * [[June 18th]]: Peace agreement between [[the United Kingdom]] and it [[Russia]]. Delimitation of the Russo-Afghan border. * [[Afghanistan]]: Armies of [[Abdur Rahman Khan|Abd Al-Rahman]] crush the rebellion of the Guilzay tribes. The pacification campaigns make it possible to the king to start a series of administrative reforms and legal (mixture of local and tribal Moslem laws and tradition). * [[India]]: [[Syed Ahmad Khan]] the '' Moslem Conférence for the education '' founds which aims to prepare the Moslems with living in a world dominated to prevent them from joining [[party of the Congress]]. * [[Great Britain]] proposes the creation of a Buffer state between [[Siam]] and the possessions French in [[Indo-China]], to put Siam at the abrit covetousness of [[France]]. [[Paris]] the principle accepts some. === the Middle East === * [[March 29th]]: Tension enters the Arab and Jewish populations to [[Petah Tikva]] in [[Palestine]]: for the first time, Arab peasants attack Jewish colonies. * [[April 6th]]: Departure of [[Bakou]] of L '' exploring [[Sven Hedin]]. He traverses it [[Persian]], it [[Iraq]] and it [[Turkey]]. * The nationalists [[Arménie]] NS claim independence with respect to [[Turkey]]. The Turkish reprisals are atrocious and two hundred and thousand Armenians are massacred. At the same time, the Russians, vis-a-vis the effect produced by propaganda anti-Russian of the British, prohibit with the Armenians to speak their own language and to open their own schools and churches. They also off-set many nationalist leaders in [[Siberia]]. === Europe === [[Image: Gladstone debate one Irish Home Rule 8th April 1886 ILN.jpg |right|thumb|350px| [[April 8th]]: [[William Gladstone]] during the debate of the '' Irish Home Rule '', engraving published in the '' Illustrated London News ''.]] * [[January 7th]]: [[the Georges Baker|boulanger general]] becomes [[Minister for the War]] in France. Its speech revanchist pokes the Franco-German tension. * [[March 3rd]]: [[Treated of Bucharest|Peace treaty of Bucharest]] between [[Serbia]] and it [[Bulgaria]], following the conference of [[Istanbul]] which recognized the State independent of Bulgaria. * [[April 26th]]: [[The Reichstag (German Empire)|German Parliament]] adopts a law on the colonization of [[Posnanie]], which authorizes the German peasants to be installed on the grounds of [[Posen]] and Eastern Prussia in order to reduce the Polish presence in its areas (Posnanie counts 700  000 German for 1,7 million Pole). * [[May 23rd]]: Victoire of the radicals to the legislative elections in [[Italy]]. The socialist party obtains only two deputies while the independent working party does not have any of it. [[Depretis]] benefits from it to dissolve it for apology for strikes. * [[June]]: Reaffirmation of German-Russian alliance. * [[June 8th]]: '' [[Rule Home]] Bill '': bill of [[William Gladstone|Gladstone]] giving autonomy to [[Ireland]]. ** Scission within [[the Liberal party (the United Kingdom)|liberal party]] with [[the United Kingdom]]: 93 of the 333 liberal deputies, directed by [[Joseph Chamberlain]], reject the '' [[Rule Home]] '' and will form the liberal-unionistic party which carries to the capacity the Salisbury conservative. * [[June 30th]], [[the United Kingdom]]: The conservatives, threatened by the rupture of their alliance with the Irish party, dissolve the Room. The liberals of Gladstone return to the capacity with supports party of [[Charles Stewart Parnell|Parnell]]. * [[July 27th]]: End of the liberal ministry [[William Gladstone]], and beginning of the ministry [[Conservative party (the United Kingdom)|conservative]] of the marquis of [[Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquis de Salisbury|Salisbury]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (fine in [[1892]]). * [[August]] - [[September]]: Competition Austro-Russian for the control of [[Bulgaria]]. * [[August 21st]]: The prince of Bulgaria [[Alexandre Ier of Bulgaria|Alexandre Ier Battenberg]] is deposited by officer prorusses. He owes his safety with the constitution of a triumvirate which points out it. * [[September 7th]]: [[Alexandre Ier of Bulgaria]] must abdicate under the pressure of Russia and yield the capacity to the liberal leader [[Stefan Stambolov]], who becomes president of the Council of regency. * [[July 25th|25]] - [[July 26th]]: Social disturbances with the district of [[Jordaan]] with [[Amsterdam]] (Palingoproer), repressed in [[August]]. * Foundation of Association for Scottish autonomy ('' Scottish Home Rule Association ''). Its influence is limited. * In [[Zurich (city)|Zurich]], 95 metal workers put themselves in strike to claim the introduction of the 10 hours day. A parquet maker finds death during the confrontations with the police force. ==== France ==== {{Detailed Article|1886 in France}} ====Russie==== '' Dates of [[Julien Calendar]] '' * [[May 18th]]: Law subordinating the family divisions to the authorization of [[to mir]] to fight against the reduction of the batches. * [[June 3rd]]: Law worsening the sanctions for offense of strike (4 months of prison for the participants, 8 for the organizers) and limiting the fines to the third of the wages. * [[June 12th]]: Law obliging the peasants of state to repurchase their batch. * December ({{January 1st}} of the Gregorian calendar): [[Ivan Vychnegradski]], Minister for Finance (1886- [[1892]]). == Chronologies sets of themes == {{detailed article|1886 in science|1886 in the railroads|1886 in sport}} ===Arts & culture=== [[Image: Paul Signac Boulevard of Clichy 1886.jpg |right|thumb|350px|'' Boulevard of Clichy '', of [[Paul Signac]]]] {{Commons|Category: 1886 paintings|painting in 1886}} {{Commons|Category: Fashion in 1886|fashion in 1886}} {{detailed article|1886 in music|1886 in literature|1886 with the theater}} * [[January 3rd]]: With [[Seville]] ([[Spain]]), first [[Alternative (bullfight)|alternative]] of Joaquín Without there Almenar known as “[[Punteret]]”, [[matador]] Spanish. It will take of it one second it [[May 23rd]] according to. * [[May 23rd]]: With [[Valence (Spain)|Valence]] (Spain), second alternative of Joaquín Without there Almenar says “Punteret”, matador Spanish. It had taken of it a first it [[January 3rd]] preceding. * ''' Art schools ''' ** In spring, are exposed to [[New York]] works of [[Paul Signac]] and of [[Georges Seurat]]. ** [[October 28th]]: The '' [[Statue of Freedom]] '' is revealed in the port of [[New York]]. ** [[Auguste Rodin]] '' carves [[the Kiss (Rodin)|the Kiss]] ''. ** [[Vincent Van Gogh]] settles with [[Paris]], in his/her Théo brother who works in a gallery of Article. ===Economy & société=== * With [[Canada]] it begins [[royal Commission of enquiry into capital and labor]]. * For the first time, the tonnage of the goods transported in the world by steamers exceeds that of the sailing boats. * [[The United States]] outclass to it [[Great Britain|The United Kingdom]] in the production of steel. * [[Rockefeller]] firm 33 of the 55 refineries of which it took control and concentrates the 3/5 of the production in three giant companies. To refine a barrel thus costs him 0,534 hundreds instead of 1,5 hundreds with its competitors. * Opening of the railway line “Catherine” of [[Kryvyï Rih|Krivoï-Rog]] which makes it possible to dispatch the iron ore towards the forging mills of [[Donetz]]. Rise of the Ukrainian metallurgy. * The factory of medicinal products '' Kern & [[Sandoz]] '' opens its doors with [[Basle]]. * Foundation with [[Milan]] of the company [[Breda]] for the construction of engines. * 167  629 Italians leave the country. * Customs war enters it [[Romania]] and it [[Austria-Hungary]] (1886- [[1893]]). == [[: Category: Birth in 1886|Births in 1886]] == * {{March 1st}}: [[Oskar Kokoschka]], Austrian painter. * [[March 24th]]: [[Edward Weston]], American photographer. * [[March 24th]]: [[Robert Mallet-Stevens]], French architect. * [[March 28th]]: [[Jean Fieux]], French engineer. * [[March 30th]]: [[Stanisław Leśniewski]], mathematician and philosopher [[Poland|Polish]] († [[May 13rd]] [[1939]]) * [[March 31st]]: [[Tadeusz Kotarbiński]], philosopher [[Poland|Polish]] († [[October 3rd]] [[1981]]) * [[June 29th]]: [[Robert Schuman]], father of Europe. * [[July 31st]]: [[Constant Permeke]], painter and Belgian sculptor. * [[September 14th]]: [[Joseph Merlot]], French-speaking Belgian politician († [[1959]]). * [[September 16th]]: [[Jean Arp]], French sculptor († [[1966]]). * [[October 3rd]]: [[Alain-Baker]], French writer († [[1914]]). * [[October 6th]]: [[Edwin Fischer]], Swiss pianist. * [[October 16th]]: [[David Ben Gourion]], statesman [[Israeli]]. * [[October 21st]]: [[Eugene Ely|Eugene Burton Ely]], aviator († [[1911]]). * [[November 8th]]: [[Edmond Lahaye]], Illustrator, painter, chansonnier († [[1981]]). * [[November 15th]]: [[Rene Guénon]], metaphysician. * [[November 27th]]: [[Tsugouharu Foujita]], painter of Japanese origin († [[1968]]). * [[December 8th]]: [[Diego Will rivet]], Mexican painter († [[1957]]). * [[December 9th]]: [[Clarence Birdseye]], inventive American († [[October 7th]] [[1956]]). * [[Gaston Ramon]]: [[Anti-diphtheric Vaccine]] († [[June 8th]] [[1963]]). to also see: '' [[: Category: Birth in 1886]] '' == [[: Category: Death in 1886|Death in 1886]] == * [[February 11th]]: [[Bernardo Gaviño]], [[matador]] [[Spain|Spanish]] (° [[August 20th]] [[1812]]). * [[June 2nd]]: [[Alexandre Ostrovski]], [[playwright]] [[Russia|Russian]] (° [[1823]]). * [[June 13rd]]: [[Louis II, king de Bavière|Louis II of Bavaria]], king of [[Bavaria]] (° [[1845]]). * [[July 31st]]: [[Franz Liszt]], type-setter and pianist [[Hungary|Hungarian]] * [[August 10th]]: [[George Busk]], [[surgery|surgeon]], [[zoology|zoologist]] and [[paleontology|paleontologist]] [[the United Kingdom|British]] (° [[August 12th]] [[1807]]). * [[August 16th]]: [[Râmakrishna]]. * [[November 11th]]: [[Paul Bert]], French physiologist and politician (° [[1833]]). * [[November 18th]]: [[Chester A. Arthur]], [[president of the United States]] (° [[1830]]). to also see: '' [[: Category: Death in 1886]] '' [[Category: 1886|*]] [[af: 1886]] [[amndt: 1886 እ.ኤ.አ.]] [[year: 1886]] [[rear: 1886]] [[ast: 1886]] [[az: 1886]] [[beats-smg: 1886]] [[Be: 1886]] [[Be-X-old: 1886]] [[bg: 1886]] [[bh:]] [[bn:]] [[bpy: মারি]] [[Br: 1886]] [[bs: 1886]] [[Ca: 1886]] [[Co: 1886]] [[Cs: 1886]] [[csb: 1886]] [[cv: 1886]] [[cy: 1886]] [[da: 1886]] [[of: 1886]] [[el: 1886]] [[in: 1886]] [[eo: 1886]] [[be: 1886]] [[and: 1886]] [[have: 1886]] [[fi: 1886]] [[fy: 1886]] [[ga: 1886]] [[Gd: 1886]] [[gl: 1886]] [[He: 1886]] [[hi: 1886]] [[hr: 1886.]] [[HT: 1886 (almanak gregoryen)]] [[hu: 1886]] [[hy: 1886]] [[ia: 1886]] [[id: 1886]] [[ilo: 1886]] [[io: 1886]] [[is: 1886]] [[it: 1886]] [[ja: 1886 年]] [[jv: 1886]] [[ka: 1886]] [[kN:]] [[KB: 1886 년]] [[ksh: Joohr 1886]] [[it: 1886]] [[lb: 1886]] [[Li: 1886]] [[lmo: 1886]] [[lt: 1886]] [[map-bms: 1886]] [[mk: 1886]] [[Mr.: इ.स. ]] [[ms: 1886]] [[nah: 1886]] [[nap: 1886]] [[nds: 1886]] [[new: ईसं]] [[nl: 1886]] [[N: 1886]] [[No: 1886]] [[Nov.: 1886]] [[nrm: 1886]] [[oc: 1886]] [[bone: 1886]] [[pi:]] [[pl: 1886]] [[Pt: 1886]] [[ro: 1886]] [[Ru: 1886 год]] [[SNA: 1886]] [[: 1886]] [[HS: 1886]] [[simple: 1886]] [[sk: 1886]] [[SSL: 1886]] [[sq: 1886]] [[Sr: 1886]] [[known: 1886]] [[sv: 1886]] [[sw: 1886]] [[your: 1886]] [[you: 1886]] [[HT: พ.ศ. 2429]] [[tr: 1886]] [[tt: 1886]] [[the U.K.: 1886]] [[uz: 1886]] [[vec: 1886]] [[vls: 1886]] [[wa: 1886]] [[zh: 1886 年]] [[zh-yue: 1886 年
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