1851
This page relates to the year 1851 Gregorian Calendrier.
Events
America
North America
-
July 23rd: Signature of the treaty of the “Cross-piece of the Sioux”. The Sioux yield to the government all the grounds which they hitherto occupied in the Iowa, as well as most of that of the Minnesota.
- August: First provincial synod joins together in the Province of Quebec.
- September: Sioux Nipples, famished, kill a cow belonging to a colonist. The culprits are stopped, the Nipples which express are dispersed but return to seize the meat stock of the Fort Laramie. Washington sends 1200 men directed by the general Harney. 136 Nipples are killed.
- September 17th: Treaty of Strong Laramie.
- Meetings of the chiefs of tribes of the Large Plains with the autumn: they in vain claim the respect of their territories.
- September 18th: Foundation of the NewYork Times .
- October 28th: In front of the opposition of the radical parties ( Red in the Low-Canada, Clear Grits in the High-Canada), the reformers Baldwin and the Fountain are withdrawn with the profit of a ministry which supports during three years the economic expansion of the country. Francis Hincks and Augustin-Norbert Morin becomes Prime Ministers for Canada-Plain the.
- the government of the Canada-Plain moves with Quebec.
- the town of Tracadie is founded with the New Brunswick.
- In its feminist review, Amelia Bloomer advises with the women to carry a certain type of skirts and short pants to release itself from the cumbersome traditional dresses.
Latin America
- May 21st: Abolition of' slavery in Colombia.
- June: Intervention of the Brazilian forces in Uruguay to support Will rivet, leader of the liberals.
- July 18th: The Ecuador abolished the Slavery.
- September 1st: Failure of a rising with Cuba fomented by the general rebels Narciso López.
- September 18th: Manual Montt, elected president of Chile, directs the country as a lit despot, with the variation of the liberals and the conservatives.
- With the Chile, the preserving order is disputed by the liberal ideas. The liberals claim the prohibition of the re-election of the president, administrative decentralization, the extension of the right to vote and the abolition of all the privileges. They are divided between a liberal party related to oligarchy, and a radical party supported by the middle-classes.
- October 9th: End of the Large Guerra in Uruguay, which marks the national reconciliation. Attempt at policy of fusion enters the parties Colorado and blanco in Uruguay. After its failure, the country plunges again under the domination of the local caudillos.
Oceania & the Pacific
- February 12th: Edward Hargraves finds gold towards Bathurst (Australia). A Gold rush starts with in the State of Victoria, in Australia.
- July 1st: The State of Victoria becomes a separate colony.
Africa
- March 3rd: Military failure of the Dahomey vis-a-vis the Egba of Abeokuta (3000 dead).
- July 1st: A commercial treaty is signed between France (Auguste Bouët) and Ghézo, the king of the DaN-Home (Dahomey), which want to run out its agricultural production.
- December 11th: Jacques Louis Randon is named general governor of French Algeria (fine in 1858).
- November 26th: Bombardment of Salted.
- a French ship, failed close to Salted, with the Morocco, is plundered by the population. The French government not obtaining repair makes bombard Salé.
- 26 - December 27th: The British bombard and take Lagos and occupy the coast of the Yoruba kingdom .
- the the United Kingdom sign with the kings and chiefs of Lagos, the Dahomey, Porto-Novo, Badagry and Abeokuta of the treaties prohibiting the Trade of the slaves.
- Insurrection in Kabylie carried out by Abu Baghla. Whole villages are destroyed. Randon undertakes at once its nomination a military action, but its successes in Petite Kabylie cannot be continued because many troops are taken in Algérie for the the Crimea (1853 - 1856).
- Revolt of the slaves about the brothers of Blood against fraternity Egbo with Old Calabar (Nigeria).
- With the Damaragam, the emir Taminu reaches the capacity like sultan of Zinder. In this small territory, founded at the beginning of the century by Tinder daN Tanimoune, theoretically tributary of the Bornou and remained to the variation of the Djihad of Usman daN Fodio, Taminu constitutes a dissuasive military force for its neighbors. It reinforces its autonomy and develops the trade. The rise which it gives to its capital, Zinder, consolidates its regional policy influence.
- the Third forwarding of the British explorer David Livingstone through the desert of the Kalahari towards the Lake Ngami. During this forwarding, he will discover the reality of the milked slaves.
- Europeans send a first commercial caravan to the south of the Sudan (province of Aequatoria) which brings back important quantities of Ivoire.
Asia
- January 11th: Beginning of the rebellion of the Taiping, born with Jintian, in the Guangxi. Hong Xiuquan, a mystical well-read man influenced by Christianity, starts a revolt in Guangxi in prey with the famine. It rejoins disparate elements (members of the triads, peasants, runaways, brigands and pirates). In a few months, it controls the province and proclaims “celestial king of the Great Peace” (You aiping).
- March 21st: The emperor Nguyễn of the Vietnam You Duke orders the setting with dead Christian priests
- May 15th: Mongut becomes king of Siam (Thailand) under the name of Rama IV (fine in 1868). Impassioned by Western civilization and science, it invites many European advisers to help it to modernize its country.
- September 25th, China: Victoire of the army of the Taiping to Yongan. The forces of Hong Xiuquan break the seat of the city by the imperial troops Qing and continue their advance by killing and driving out the civils servant of the government, extreme title land and ackowledgement of debt. Taiping acquire a great popularity by distributing money and spoils to the poor peasants.
- the district of Palembang (Sumatra) is placed under direct government.
- Filipino: Peace treaty enters the Spain and the sultan of Sulu. In armed struggle against the Spanish missionaries and soldiers, the moros end up recognizing the suzerainty of Spain.
The Middle East
- Persian: Foundation of an academy of war with Teheran (Dâr el-Fûnûn), to form military executives and civils servant. Scientific teaching, privileged, is entrusted to European instructors.
Europe
- January 6th: Foundation of the general trade union of the mechanics to the the United Kingdom.
- March 16th: A Concordat makes Catholicisme the religion of State in Spain and grants to the Église the control of teaching and the press.
- April: Conference of Dresden. The Germanic Confédération is restored. Frederic-Guillaume IV of Prussia is opposed to the entry Austria in the Zollverein and François-Joseph Ier of Austria refuses the Co-presidency of the confederation to him.
- April 5th: Died of Felix Schwarzenberg, chief of the Austrian government. The emperor of Austria does not replace it.
- April 26th, Portugal: Coup d'etat of the general Saldanha, who drives out the president of the Council of Ministers Cabral.
- May 1st: Government of “regeneration” in Portugal (fine in 1868). The country knows interior peace under the mode of the constitutional monarchy and increases its modernization. Two parties ensure alternation the capacity: the “regenerating party”, resulting from the Chartism (Saldanha, Fontes Pereira of Mello), which preaches a regeneration of the country by the new middle-class and capitalist order; the liberal party, “historical” septembrist (Duke of Loulé, Sá da Bandeira).
- May 1st: Opening of the Great World Fair to London (fine the October 15th).
- June 5th: Without direct heir, the king Frederic VII of Denmark gets along with the tsar Nicolas Ier of Russia to choose his successor in the house of Sonderburg-Glücksburg.
- Be: Conspiracy of Sándor Gál and József Makk in Hungary. It is ventilated with the end of the year.
- August 18th: Otto von Bismarck is indicated to represent the Prussia with the Diète of Frankfurt (fine in 1859).
- October 11th: Camillo Cavour enters to the government to the Piedmont-Sardinia. It widens the left the parliamentary base of the government of Azeglio (the connubio , the marriage).
- December 31st: The emperor François-Joseph Ier of Austria repeals the constitution granted in 1849 and suspended in August 1851.
- the civils servant of the baron von Bach manage the Hungary, which is cut out in five bureaucratic districts. The Transylvania and the Croatia are separated from the body of the kingdom. Bach exerts a rigorous censure, introduces civil codes and penal foreigners and reduces the country to dumbness. The Magyars resist the germanisation by the passivity.
France
See also: 1851 in France
- December 2nd: Coup d'etat of Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte.
Chronologies sets of themes
See also: 1851 in science, 1851 in the railroads, 1851 in sport
Art & culture
See also: 1851 in music, 1851 in literature, 1851 with the theater
- heliographic Mission on behalf of the Commission of the Historic buildings realized by photographers (of which Edouard Baldus) in all France.
- Installation of the first stone of the Markets of Paris of Baltard.
-
the Harvest , fabric of Daubigny.
Economy & Company
- the tariff barriers are abolished between the Russia and the Polish union.
- agrarian Laws in Moldavie and Valachie. The drudgery is carried from 12 to 22 days.
- the Portugal account an about sixty steam engines, concentrated in the area of Lisbon and Oporto.
- Creation of the Telegraphic Agency Reuter.
- Establishment of telegraph lines in India.
Births in 1851
- February 8th: Kate Chopin, American auteure († August 22nd 1904)
- April 2nd: Charles Barrois, geologist French († 1939).
- July 5th: William Brewster, American Ornithologist († 1919).
- July 8th: Sir Arthur John Evans, British archeologist († 1941).
- October 23rd: Andre Chantemesse, Doctor and Biologist French. († February 25th 1919).
- November 7th: Albert-Auguste Exploring Fauvel, and Naturalist French († 1909).
- December 24th: Edouard de Castelnau, general French. († March 19th 1944).
- December 27th: Percy Carlyle Gilchrist, chemist and British metallurgist († 1935).
Death in 1851
- : Mary Shelley, British writer (° 1797)
- April 4th:
- Paquiro (Francisco Go up), Spanish Matador (° 1805).
- Barragan (Isidro Santiago It), Spanish Matador (° February 18th 1811).
- July 10th: Louis Daguerre, painter, photographer and inventive
- September 7th: John Kidd physicist, Chemist and British geologist .
- October 5th: Jules-César Savigny, zoologist French (° 1777).
- December 19th: Joseph Turner, British painter
Beats-smg: 1851 Be-X-old: 1851 Map-bms: 1851 Simple: 1851 Zh-yue: 1851 年
| Random links: | 1748 | Lista de asuntos básicos de la danza | Super 14 | Odawara | Sand Land | The Community of communes of the Country of Montauban-of-Brittany |