1835

This page relates to the year 1835 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Africa

  • Beginning of the reign of Nyabongo II Mugenyi, king of the Bounyoro (fine in 1848).
  • of Omar, sheik of the Bornou (fine in 1881). It succeeds El-Kanemi has Kouba, its capital.
  • Abandonment of Oyo threatened by the Peuls.
  • Installation in Gold Coast of the Wesleyan Missionary Society .
  • the queen Ranavalona publishes an edict strictly limiting the activities from abroad to Madagascar and prohibiting the practice of the Christianisme to the Madagascans.

Southern Africa

  • the district of Victoria and the province of Adélaïde are annexed by the British.

  • Beginning of the Large Trek of the Boer S in South Africa (fine in 1837). Six thousand Boers migrate towards north starting from Graaf Reinet to flee the mercantile civilization of the British of the Cape. On the 66  000 white which account the Colony of the Cape in 1835,14  approximately 000 will follow, in ten years, the migration of the Voortrekkers.

  • a first column, led by Louis Trichardt and Jan van Rensburg, is decimated by the Malaria and the warriors bantou.

  • Agreement between the king of the Zulu Dingaan and the British: it envisages the reference in their country of the Zulu taken refuge to the Natal; Dingaan, in exchange, agrees to accommodate colonists and missionaries. The latter, English or American, multiply the stations in Zulu country between 1836 and 1838.

  • the dissenting Zulu chief Zouangendaba migrates three thousand kilometers towards north with its troops Ngoni. After having destroyed the kingdom rozoui of Zimbabwe for a long time fallen in decline, it passes the Zambezi (November 19th, day marked by a eclipse of the sun), devastation the area to arrive at the Malawi in 1836 where its warriors will be established in great number with its death in 1845. The remainder of the troop continues its walk towards north, by avoiding direct confrontation with the States best organized (Bemba, Kazembe and Kamanga). Between 1836 and the middle of the century, they settle in the west and the center of the current Tanzania.

The Maghreb

  • May 20th: The bey Mustapha goes up on the throne of Tunis (fine in 1837). lLs Britanniques thinks of being able to play a more important part in Tunisia. But the Bey, threatened by the Door in its independence, accepts the intervention of the French fleet to prevent that the Turks do not unload.

  • May 26th: Direct administration of the Libya by the Othoman at the end of the reign of the Karamanli. The country knows a great administrative instability with 33 governors between 1835 and 1911.

  • June 16th: Treaty of the camp of the Fig trees between Camille Trézel and the chief Mustapha Ben-Ismaïl. Douair and Sméla are recognized prone, tributary and soldiers of France.

    • Rupture of the treaty of 1834 between the France and Abd el-Kader. The general Camille Trézel, who succeeds Desmichels decides to walk on Mascara, seat of the government of the emir, but is constrained to fold up himself on Arzew.

America

  • January 6th: Beginning of the revolutionary rising of the Cabanagem in the area of Pará with Brazil (fine in 1840).

    • the revolts which burst with the Brésil from 1835 have common origins: difficult economic situation, aversion for the Portuguese merchants, disorder of the central government and excess of centralism.
  • January 31st: attempted murder against the President of the United States Andrew Jackson with the Capitole.

  • March 7th: Second government of Manual of Rosas in Argentinian. It founds an iron dictatorship while resting on the provincial caudillos and by justifying the absence of central government in the name of the federalism.

  • Be: riots with Baltimore following the bankruptcy of the bank of the Maryland. Houses are destroyed by the rioters, which causes the intervention of the militia, which makes 20 dead and a hundred casualties.

  • October 2nd: Battle of Gonzales. The revolution of Texas of the American colonists against the Mexican capacity starts.

  • December 9th: Texans take San Antonio.
  • December 16th: Large Fire with New York which devastates the city.
  • December 28th: Beginning of the second war Séminole. Under the pressure of their chief Osceola, the Séminoles refuse to leave their territories of Florida and take the weapons. A column of 110 soldiers is decimated in a ambush. The Congress votes the war, carried out by the general Winfield Scott, who finds the territory séminole deserted. Séminoles hide in the marshes and only leave there to strike the isolated troops. They will not be definitively beaten in 1842.
  • December 29th: A minority of Cherokee S is summoned to sign the treaty of displacement of New Echota (Georgia).

  • A hundred and forty Strike S in the east of the the United States in 1835-1836.
  • In the State of New York, twenty-five members of the trade union of the workmen tailors are declared guilty of “conspiracy against the freedom of trade, riot and threats followed by passage to the act”. Twenty-seven thousand people gather in front of City Hall of New York to denounce this legal decision and to elect a committee of correspondence. This last organizes three months later a convention bringing together with Utica delegates elected of the operations, sharecroppers and workmen of the State. She declares her independence with respect to the parties policy and announces the birth of the party of the Equal rights.
  • Success with Philadelphia of the general strike of the workers, who require the ten hours day. The Pennsylvania and other States vote laws over the ten hours day. The employers however preserve the right to make sign contracts with an employee so that it is committed working more.

Oceania

Asia

  • : The English Compagnie of the Eastern Indies buys Darjeeling with the king of the Sikkim for 3000 rupees per annum. The culture of the The starts with the confluence of the Brahmapoutra and the river Kundil.
  • February 2nd: The English becomes the language of higher education by decision of the Superior council of India and thanks to the action of Thomas Macaulay.

  • China: Insurrection armed started by CAD Shun, chief of the secret society First Sky. After having killed the governor of Zhaocheng, revolted divide to attack simultaneously Huoxian, Linfen and several other places of the Shanxi. The dispersion of the rebels facilitates the re-establishment of the order by the imperial troops.

  • Japan: The government Shogun Al tries a monetary reform to cure the economic crisis. It starts at once a riot of the Chinese merchants of Nagasaki, who destroy official buildings.

The Middle East

  • administrative Reorganization with the Lebanon: the emir Chihab Bachir II creates municipal councils made up of the representatives of the various communities. He tries to unify justice and makes adopt by all the courts the Moslem right of the school Shafi' the ist, most favorable to the not-Moslems.

Europe

  • January 2nd: Opening to Gabrovo, close to Sofia, of the first school exempting a teaching into Bulgarian. The funds come from Odessa where the diaspora sofiote account of many representatives. The Russia encourages the assertion of the Bulgarian identity to undermine the Othoman authority.

  • March 2nd: Beginning of the reign of Ferdinand Ier, the débonnaire (1793 - 1875), emperor of Austria. The archduke François-Charles, Metternich and the count Kollowrath direct the council of regency (fine in 1848).

  • May 20th (Julien) /June 1st (Gregorian) : Majority of Othon Ier of Greece. It always controls with the Bavarian ministers by excluding the Greeks from the decision-making centres and the principal stations of the army. The new mode quickly becomes unpopular in spite of the symbolic system transfer of the capital of Nauplie to Athens.

  • June 1st: Exile of the applicant to the crown of Spain Gift Carlos. Its partisans continue the guerilla.

  • July 4th: New expulsion of the Jesuits of Spain.
  • July 15th: Battle of Mendigorría during the first war carlist.

  • September 8th: Giuseppe Garibaldi share of Marseilles for the Latin America.

    • the Italian republican Mazzini gains the Suisse where it prepares a new insurrection which envisages the invasion of the Savoy by a body of volunteers and the rising of the fleet of Genoa caused by a captain of the Sardinian navy, Giuseppe Garibaldi. Forwarding fails. The chief of the body of volunteers lets himself buy and Garibaldi must flee. Mazzini, tracked in Switzerland, flees in England in 1837. Repression involves the disintegration of the movement Jeune Italy and the exile of many revolutionists in England, in Spain, in Portugal or in South America.

  • September 9th: Reform municipalities in the United Kingdom, which makes it possible the middle-class to take part in the government of the cities.

  • Formation with Paris between 1835 and 1838 by wire of boyards (Ion Ghica, Constantin A. Rosetti, Nicolae Kretzulescu, Alexandru Ion Cuza, Nicolae Bălcescu) of a “Rumanian revolutionary Circle” or “Circle of the Collège de France” around Lamartine, Jules Michelet and Edgar Quinet. They dream in a unified State of Moldavie - independent Valachie equipped with a constitutional government.

France

See also: 1835 in France

  • February 26th: schedule Guizot instituting the inspectors of the elementary school.
  • March 18th: recall of De Broglie, Thiers Minister for the Interior matters, Guizot of the State education
  • July 28th: attack of Fieschi - republican Corsica against Louis-Philippe.
  • September: repressive laws against the republican opposition.
  • Law on the railroads

Russia

  • January: Promulgation of the complete Collection of the Russian laws , realized by Speranski which replaces the Oulojénié of the tsar Alexis (1649).
  • New statute of the Jewish : redefinition of the zone of residence in 15 provinces of the west and the south.
  • Beginning of regulation of the relationship between owners and workmen.
  • secret Committee to examine the country question (without results).
  • Russian Spinning mill of the Wilson English to Saint-Pétersbourg, one of the first joint stock companies in Russia.
  • New statute of the universities: suppression in fact of university autonomy.
  • Inauguration of the Russian pulpit of history of the university of Moscow by Pogodine.

Chronologies sets of themes

Art & culture

See also: 1835 in music, 1835 in literature, 1835 with the theater

  • June 25th: Commit suicide of the painter Antoine Gros (1771-1835), destroyed by the bad reception reserved for the Living room with its fabric Hercules and Diomède .

  • French Spelling reform, imposing the T in the plural in the words such as " enfans" ; but also change, in the conjugation, of the syllable " oi" in " ai" (I éts become I éts)

Sports

  • First of the four great reforms of the rules of Cricket. The three following ones: 1844, 1947 and 1980.

Science and technology

See also: 1835 in science

Economy & Company

  • Introduction of the Steam engine to the Portugal.
  • mechanical Spinning mill of wool with Brno, in Moravie, causing the ruin of the craftsmen.

Births in 1835

Death in 1835

Beats-smg: 1835 Be-X-old: 1835 Map-bms: 1835 Simple: 1835 Zh-yue: 1835 年

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