1810

This page relates to the year 1810 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Indian Ocean

July 8th: Beginning of the British occupation of the island of the Meeting (fine in 1815).
August 25th: Occupation of the Seychelles and the Maldives by the British.
December 3rd: The France loses the Mauritius for the benefit of the the United Kingdom.

Africa

Madagascar

Beginning of the reign of Radama Ier, king of Madagascar (fine in 1818).

has its death, Nampoina, by the force or by the trick, the power of the Imerina extended on the central plate of the island, of the north of Tananarive in the south of Fianarantsoa.
At the beginning of its reign, Radama Ier consolidates its authority on the territory conquered by his/her father. Although opened with the European influences, it drives back a British attempt at conquest of its kingdom, the Merina. Starting from 1817, benefitting from Franco-British competition, it succeeds in unifying the island for the first time after having conquered practically all the east coast and crushed the kingdoms Sakalaves of the west coast.

Western Africa

Foundation of the Empire peul of Macina by Sékou Tinder.

In Macina (Mali), the Moslems are persecuted by the animists who direct the country. They gather to resist, and choose as chief of the Moslem party a marabout peul, Amadou Hammadi Boudou which constitutes a powerful and well organized army.

Usman daN Fodio gives up the capacity with his/her son Mohammed Bello and with his brother Abdoullahi to devote itself to the religious life. Mohammed Bello, establishes with Sokoto, extends the empire to all the north of the current Nigeria until the Niger and to the Bénoué as well as north Cameroun (fine in 1837). Abdoullahi is established with Gando to direct the Western provinces.

Scholar, Mohammed Bello tends to the rebirth of the Islam and the emergence of a capacity worthy of the original purity according to the faith and to social peace by justice, the popular consultation and the rejection of violence.

Modibbo Adama devastation and conquers the Fombina in the name of Usman daN Fodio (1810 - 1820).

the Ashanti of Osei Bonsu razzient the tribes of the south (1810 and 1814).

Embassy of the king of Ardres (Porto-Novo, Dahomey) to the Brazil. Treaty britannico-Portuguese: the draft négrière is authorized with Ouidah (Dahomey).

Americas

September 23rd: Foundation of the Republic of Florida-Western, dissolved the October 27th.

Canada

February 23rd: the legislative Parliament of the Low-Canada vote the expulsion of the judge Amable De Bonne.
March 10th: Jonathan Sewell and Amable De Bonne founds the newspaper the True Canadian who gives an opinion to defend the policies of the government.
March 17th: Seizure of the presses of the newspaper the Canadian .
May 1st: The governor recommends to the king to link the High-Canada with the Low-Canada.

the Compagnie of Hudson Bay reorganizes its action in the Athabaska to fight against the Compagnie of the North-West.

Latin America

Events in the American colonies of the Spain: the viceroyalties of News-Grenade, the Peru and Plata are devastated by the fight between the loyal supporters and the liberators, in favor of independence (end in 1826).

January 27th - February 5th: The British seize the Guadeloupe (fine in 1816).
April 19th, Venezuela: Deposition of the general captain Emparán who is replaced by a junta which states to want to guarantee the rights of Ferdinand VII of Spain.
May 4th: The island of Margarita adopts the call to the independence of the Venezuela launched the previous month by the Province of Caracas.
May 25th: Beginning of the Revolution of May which will lead to the independence of the Argentine. The viceroy of Plata is deposited by a military junta imposed by the partisans of independence. A war opposes during five years loyal supporters and patriots.
July 20th: Independence of the Colombia.
December 8th: Beginning of the War of independence of Mexico.
September 16th: Revolt for the independence carried out by the priest of Dolores Miguel Hidalgo there Costilla in Nouvelle Spain (fine in 1811). With the cry of “Sharp the virgin of Guadalupe”, the mongrel and Indian insurrectionists threaten the order establishes. Creoles and Spaniards are massacred with Guanajuato and Valladolid.
September 18th: First claims with the independence of the Chile. Proclaimed independence.

Asia

17 - February 19th: The British occupy the Moluques. Georges Elliot enters in relation to the indigenous princes, plays liberator and causes revolts, particularly in the sultanate of Banten.
July: When the Holland is annexed by Napoleon the July 9th, Daendels hoists the French flag with Batavia. A few months later, he is pointed out.
November 11th: Jan Willem Janssens becomes governor of Batavia

China: Prohibition of the use of the Opium to Beijing.
the government Tibetan, influenced by the Manchu , decides to close the Tibet and Lhassa the abroads.
Beginning of the reign of Umar, khan of Kokand (fine in 1822).

Oceania & the Pacific

Kamehameha {{Ier}} Large the becomes king de Hawaii and installs its dynasty.

The Middle East

July: Failure of an incursion of the Wahhabites into the province of the Hauran in answer to the offensive of the governor of the Indies against the pirates wahhabites into the Persian Gulf.
Third mission Malcolm with Teheran. Fath 'Ali Chah sends Haji Mirza Abul Hasan Khan in embassy to the the United Kingdom.

Europe

January 6th: Treaty of Paris: the Sweden obtains the Swedish Poméranie and Rügen in exchange of its entry in the continental Blocus.
February: Napoleon appendix the Catalonia. Resistance is not maintained any more but with Cadiz where the Cortes meet to write a constitution. The central junta of Cadiz transforms itself into council of regency.
February 17th: Rome is joined together with the French Empire.
February 20th: Andreas Hofer, chief of the revolt the Tyrol ienne is considered and shot by a council of French war with Mantoue.
April: Riots with London at the time of the attempt at arrest of the radical leader Francis Burdett.
June 6th: Karl August von Hardenberg (1750-1822) is named chancellor of Prussia (1810-1817).

Hardenberg undertakes vast reforms: uniform system of taxation, abolition of the restrictions as regards domestic trade, improvement of the condition of the peasants and equality to the Jewish . Its attempt to establish an advisory representative assembly meets the opposition of the aristocracy.

June 28th: Napoleon obtains returns it Gerhard von Scharnhorst (1755 -1813), Minister for the War in Prussia.
July 9th: Annexation of the kingdom of Holland by Napoleon Bonaparte after with abdication that Napoleon imposes on his brother Louis Bonaparte, who had been disobedient. The Netherlands are divided into eight departments. Charles-François Lebrun is named general governor.
July 10th: catch of Ciudad Rodrigo in Spain by the French.
August 7th: Battle of Batin in the eighth Russo-Turkish war.
August 21st: Law of succession in Sweden: Charles Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte east chooses by Riksdag to succeed Charles XIII of Sweden.
10 - September 11th: Sembrizada with the Portugal: in the night, the government of Regency operates a raid of 48 personality suspectées to adhere to the liberal ideas. The liberals exile themselves with the the Azores or London, from where they spread many writings to be justified.
September 27th: Stop of the offensive of Masséna to the Battle of Buçaco. Fold of Wellington, which is blocked with Lisbon.
October 15th: Victoire of free-Polish on the British with the Battle of Fuengirola meadows of Málaga.

Georges III of the the United Kingdom being afflicted with a mental disease, the prince of Wales and future Georges IV ensures regency the end of the year.
Balkans: The Russian troops support the Serb insurrectionists of Karageorges.
Food shortage in Hungary.

France

Russia

Dates of the Calendar Julien

January 1st: Creation of the Council of State replacing the permanent Council (application very partial of the proposals of Speranski, which becomes the secretary about it). He is composed of 35 named dignitaries, who examine the bills, then sanctioned by the tsar.

the direction of the military Businesses of the Council of State is entrusted to Michel Barclay de Tolly, Minister for the War.
Balachov becomes member of the council of Empire (1810-1834).

February: Failure of the project of marriage of Napoleon with the large-duchess Anne. Degradation of the Franco-Russian relations.
December 19th: New customs tariff favorable to the neutral ships transporting of the British goods, unfavourable with the French products imported by ground.
December 31st: The Russia breaks the continental blockade. Alexandre Ier of Russia makes reopen the ports with the trade of the neutrals and prohibits the access to the French products.

the Caucasus: conquest of the Abkhazie.
Creation of the first military colony in the government of Moghilev. They combine agriculture and military service in order to reduce the expenses of maintains the army.
Proposals of Speranski to reform the public purses (loans, taxes, limitation of the money circulation).

Arts & cultures

Foundation of the imperial College of Tsarskoïe Selo in Russia.
Foundation of the university of Berlin by Wilhelm von Humboldt. Friedrich Schleiermacher is professor of theology there.
Reform of the Faculty of Law in Austria.
Foundation of the academy of Prague.

August 15th: Inauguration of the Column Vendôme.
Sale and demolition of the Abbey of Cluny.
the Battle of the Pyramids and Bonaparte First consul (1801-1802), fabrics of Antoine Gros.
Disasters of the war , series of fabrics of Goya (1810 - 1813).

Sciences and technology

Economy & Company

July 3rd: Napoleon authorizes cereal exports French, strongly taxed, while reinforcing the Blocus continental, which worsens the financial position, considerably reduced the volume commercial and causes bankruptcies of traders, then manufacturers with the the United Kingdom. Napoleon suspends the application of the mode of the blockade in favor of the Americans, while the British maintain their system completely, in spite of the American requests, which causes a deceleration of the exchanges as of the summer, then a diplomatic tension between the United Kingdom and the the United States (war in 1812).
Economic crisis in summer with the the United Kingdom: inflation of the paper money emitted to finance the war. Industrial crisis of overproduction, which affects the wages. Agriculture meets just the needs for the population.

the factory of weapons Krupp is established with Essen in Germany by Friedrich Krupp (inauguration in November 1811).
the United Kingdom: The imports of Coton doubled since 1790.
Tax intended for the damping of the national debts in Austria.
Fine of the system bimetallist to the Portugal: emission of currency of balk, paper money and copper currency.
the continental Blockade causes catastrophic consequences on the trade and industry in Russia.
the imperial tariff of 1810 makes practically impossible the exchanges between the Grand-duché of Warsaw and the Russia.
Italy: Reforms tending to reinforce the authority of the central capacity and to make more effective the administration of the various States Italian (1810 - 1811). A hierarchical system of departments, district and communes covers the whole of the territories. The interior tariff barriers are abolished and the standardized external tariffs. Roads and bridges are built. Weights, currencies and measurements are unified. The civil codes, commercial and penal French are introduced. The state education is reorganized.
the United States: Thirty thousand Blacks (1/4 of the black population) are still slaves in the States of North. They will be nothing any more but a one thousand in 1840.
Brazil: Peace treaty and commercial treaty negotiated by the count of Linhares with the the United Kingdom, which obtains preferential rates. Brazil economically becomes depend on the the United Kingdom.

Births in 1810

January 3rd: Antoine d' Abbadie d' Arrast, scientist and traveller French.
February 8th: Alphonse-Louis Constant, known as Eliphas Lévi, occultist French.
March 1st: Frederic Chopin, Polish type-setter.
March 2nd: Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci, future pope Leon XIII († July 20th 1903)
March 6th: Paul Emile de Puydt, Botanist, economist and Belgian writer († 1888).
April 8th: Hégésippe Moreau, a writer, poet and journalist French († 1838).
June 3rd: Robert Mallet, Engineer and geologist Irish.
June 8th: Robert Schumann, German type-setter.
July 5th: Phineas Taylor Barnum, organizer of spectacles and American business manager († 1891).
October 27th: Emmanuel de Fonscolombe, Type-setter French.
December 7th: Francesco Ferrara, Italian economist († 1900).
December 11th: Alfred de Musset, poet and playwright French.
December 23rd: Karl Richard Lepsius, German Egyptologist.

Death in 1810

March 2nd: Claude Gaspard Blancheville, colonel d' Empire.
March 10th: Henry Cavendish, physicist and British chemist.
May 21st: Charles de Beaumont, knight of Éon, with London (1728 -1810), secret agent of Louis XV, which owes its celebrity with the doubt that it maintained on his sex.
June 28th: Joseph-Michel Montgolfier, inventive French.
November 19th: Nicolas Hurtault-Pinchart lawyer, born in Rheims the November 19th 1732, († May 26th 1810).
December 5th: Jean-Baptiste Treilhard, Lawyer and politician French for the period of the Revolution, appointed with the General states of 1789, president of the constituent Assembly, then of the national Convention. (° 2 or January 3rd 1742).
December 10th: Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber, Botanist, mycologist and German zoologist (° 1739).

Beats-smg: 1810 Be-X-old: 1810 Map-bms: 1810 Simple: 1810 Zh-yue: 1810 年

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