This page relates to the year 1777 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Oceania

• December 25th: James Cook discovers the Christmas island (Kiribati).

Africa

• Beginning of the reign of Osei Kwame, asantehene of the Ashanti (deposited in 1798, carried out in 1803).
• October 1st: Treaty of Saint-Ildefonse between the Portugal and the Spain. The Portugal recovers the island Holy-Catherine but loses Fernando Póo in Guinea Equatoriale.

Asia

• March 7th: Treaty of Surat between the British and the chiefs Marathes revolted against the Peshwâ Râghunâtha Râo.

• the Christianisme is introduced in Korea.

America

Latin America

• April 21st: Pedro de Cevallos arrives at Montevideo. The Portuguese are driven out of Colonia LED Sacramento in Uruguay.
• October 1st: The Traité of San Ildefonso fixes the borders between the Brésil and the Spanish possessions.

The United States

.

• January 3rd: British defeat in the Delaware with Princeton.
• January 15th: Independence of the State of the Vermont.
• June 13rd: Fayette unloads close to Charleston (South Carolina).
• June 14th: The Second Congress continental adopts the Drapeau of the United States.
• July 31st: the continental Congrès accepts the services of Fayette.
• August 6th: Victoire loyal supporter with the Battle of Oriskany.
• August 16th: American Victoire with the Battle of Bennington.
• the September 11th and the October 4th, with Brandywine and Germantown, the British army of the general Howe gains two victories over the American army of the general George Washington. Following these victories, the British make themselves main of Philadelphia.
• September 19th: Victoire of the American insurrectionists of the general Horatio Spoil with the Bataille of Saratoga. Failure of the British invasion of the State of New York assembled by “Gentleman Johnny” Burgoyne.
• September 26th: Catch of Philadelphia by the British.
• October 4th: British Victoire with the Battle of Germantown.
• November 1st: John Paul Jones (1747 - 1792) leaves America on a brig of 18 guns, To arrange it. It gains Nantes with two British catches. From April at November 1779, it operates on the British coasts (bombardment of Whitehaven, catch of the H.S.M. Drake, the frigate Serapis ).
• November 15th: The Congrès adopts the Articles of the Confederation (ratified in 1781).
• November 29th: Foundation of the Spanish colony of San Jose (California).
• December 19th: The army of George Washington takes her winter quarter to Valley Forge (Pennsylvania).
• December 24th: The American submarine Turtle of David Bushnell makes jump the Maidstone , flagship British.

• Boston Coffee Party : a hundred women oblige a merchant to deliver a coffee stock to them.

See also: War of independence of the United States of America

Europe

• February 19th: The count de Floridablanca (1728 - 1808), becomes the Prime Minister of Charles III of Spain (fine in 1792). He is the main actor of the policy of reform of Charles III.
• February 24th: Beginning of the reign of Marie Ier de Bragance, queen of Portugal (fine in 1816). Pierre III, king of the Portugal.
• March 4th: Disgrace of the Marquis de Pombal with the Portugal. “Viradeira” (reversal). The lawsuits of 1758 and 1759 are cancelled. Hundreds of ecclesiastics, shown to be opposed to the absolute power of the state, leave the jails (it would have made some imprison more than 2000).
• Mars: Alliance enters the Russia and the Prussia.

• Difficulties of Şahin Giray in the Crimea.
• Last execution of a Witch ( malefica ) in Hungary.

France

• January 1st: the Newspaper of Paris is the first Parisian daily newspaper.
• April 24th: Creation of the " IGC " General inspection of the careers.
• June 24th: Jean-Paul Marat is named doctor of the bodyguards of the Count d' Artois.
• June 29th: Necker is named managing director of Finances. He will launch a series of loans to finance the effort of war.
• July 3rd: Beaumarchais founds the Company of the dramatic authors.
• September - October: Late and poor grape harvest. The prices of the wine culminate in 1778.
• December 9th: Creation with Paris of the Mount of Piety, organization of loans against security.
• December 17th: The king Louis XVI recognizes the independence of the the United States.

• the king Louis XVI officially grants to all the Juifs of France the right to reside everywhere where they want.
• Maximum of growth of wool industry, is 1,8% per annum (1777 - 1787).

Art & culture

See also: 1777 with the theater

• : The university of Nagyszombat settles with Buda, with the royal palace. It account 14 faculties, 32 professors, 423 students.
• August 2nd: Reform secondary education in Hungary ( Ratio educationis ). Creation of a unit system of 130 schools. The physics of Newton starts to be taught.

• July 19th: Ernestine , Op3era Comique of Laclos.
• September 23rd: Armide , opera of Gluck.
• November 10th: Felix or the child found , Op3era Comique of Monsigny.

Science & technology

See also: 1777 in science

Economy & company

• Suppression of the majority of the monopolies and privatization of some manufactures to the Portugal.
• Berlin account 140  000 inhabitants. Vienna counts 260  of it; 000.
• the First public lighting with Buda and Pest.

Births in 1777

• March 31st: Charles Cagniard de Latour, engineer and physicist French († July 5th 1859, 82 years)

• April 5th: Jules-César Savigny, zoologist French († 1851)
• April 30th: Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician
• September 12th: Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville, Zoologist and anatomist French († 1850)
• September 28th: Jacques-Louis Maupillier, combatant of the wars of the Vendée († June 24th 1857)
• October 6th: Baron Guillaume Dupuytren, surgeon and anatomist French
• November 14th: Johann Ludwig Christian Carl Gravenhorst, German zoologist († 1857)
• December 4th: M {{me}} Julie Récamier, salonnière, woman of letters

Death in 1777

• February 24th: Joseph Ier of Portugal.
• April 12th: Crébillon wire, writer French libertine (Claude Prosper Jolyot de Crébillon, 1707 -1777).
• June 30th: Charles of Boispéan, lord of Boispéan, adviser to the Parliament of Brittany.
• August 23rd: Charles-Joseph Natoire, French painter (° 1700).
• September 22nd: John Bartram, American Botanist (° 1699).
• September 25th: Johann Heinrich Lambert, Franco-German mathematician (° August 26th 1728)
• November 6th: Bernard de Jussieu, French botanist (° 1699).
• December 12th: Albrecht von To haul, erudite Switzerland (botanical, medicine, surgery) (Bern, 1708 -1777).
• December 30th: Maximilien III Joseph of Bavaria.
• December: Dolly Pentreath, last current speaker of the language Cornique.

Be-X-old: 1777 Map-bms: 1777 Simple: 1777 Zh-yue: 1777 年

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