1721

This page relates to the year 1721 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

America

  • July 3rd: The Norwegian missionary Hans Egede (1686 - 1758) reached the west coast of the Greenland. It founds the Protestant mission of Godthaab. Its activity of evangelization of the Inuit S will be continued by his/her son Paul (1708 - 1789).

  • a fire destroys half of Montreal. The intendant Michel Bégon forces to build the stone-built houses. Montréalais less fortunate will be established outside the fortifications, where they can build wood houses. The suburbs Quebec, the St. Lawrence and of Récollets develop around the city.
  • the number of parishes to the Quebec passes from 36 (the priests move towards their flocks) to 82 and the parochial life is organized.
  • Attempt at rising of black slaves in South Carolina.
    • the fear of revolts of slaves develops in the Années 1720. In Virginia, the white servants are authorized to join the militia as a substitute of free men. Patrols for the monitoring of the slaves are organized.

Africa

Oceania

Asia

Europe

  • March 27th: Double alliance France - Spain.

  • April 4th: Beginning of the ministry whig of Robert Walpole, first Prime Minister of the the United Kingdom (fine in 1742).
    • Stanhope resigns following the scandal of the South Sea Company .
    • Sir Robert Walpole, liberal sincere (whigs), can guarantee peace and control the men, but it sets up, with his friend the Duc of Newcastle a system of political corruption systematic in order to make sure of supports parliamentary necessary.

  • May 8th: Beginning of the Innocent Pontificate of XIII (fine in 1724). He endeavors to be a pontiff of peace between the catholic great powers.

  • June 13rd: Treaty of Madrid. Triple alliance France - Great Britain - Spain. Guillaume Dubois yields the base of Pensacola in Florida, breaks the Franco-Spanish monopoly of the black Asiento with the profit of the British and gives up the fortifications of Mardick close to Dunkirk.
  • July: Project of the Spanish marriages, which must link the young person Louis XV and the girl of Philippe of Orleans to two children of Philippe V of Spain.

  • September 10th: The peace of Nystad, with the French mediation, gives to the Russia the Swedish provinces of the Baltique (the Karelia, the Ingrie, the Estonia and the Livonie, Vyborg in southernmost Finland) against the payment of an allowance of 2 million ecus. In Germany, the Sweden loses Bremen and Verden and the major part of the Poméranie Occidentale. End of the Great War of North.

    • the tsar Pierre Large the restores the old privileges of the nobility in Estonia.
  • November 2nd: Pierre I {{er}} Large the is proclaimed by the Senate “large father of the fatherland, imperator and”. Abandonment of the title of Tsar.

France

  • January 6th: Arrest of Cartridge.
  • May: Visit of the Turkish ambassador, Mehmet Effendi.
  • July: The Abbé Dubois is made cardinal.
  • November 28th: The gangster Cartridge, recently stopped, undergoes the question.

Religion

  • A hundred and thirty new people are burned alives by the Inquisition with the Portugal of 1721 with 1761.
  • January 14th: Inauguration of the ecclesiastical College (future Holy synod) in Russia: the patriarchate of Moscow is removed and replaced by a permanent assembly in charge of the management of the businesses of the Church and control of the clergy.

Art & culture

See also: 1721 with the theater

  • Constitutions of Anderson, reference for the Freemasonry (published in 1723). They post the religious tolerance. Beginning of the schism enters the “Antients”, favorable to the Old Constitutions, and of the “Moderns” (1721 - 1813).
  • the French writer Montesquieu anonymously publishes the Lettres Persians with Amsterdam. The success of the Lettres Persians opens the doors of the Parisian living rooms to him, like that of the Marquise of Lambert or the club of the Mezzanine.

  • the French Spectator , newspaper of Marivaux which will appear until 1734.

Science & technology

  • Experimentation of the practice of the inoculation, introduced by Mary Wortley Montagu, then popularized by Edward Jenner, which makes move back the Variole in Great Britain.
  • the marquis de Priè forms the Compagnie of Ostend which will begin its activities in 1722, in spite of the opposition of the maritime powers.

Economy & company

  • the British fleet of war has 124 ship of the lines and 104 auxiliary ships.
  • tax Exemption three years given to the colonists of the Banat of Temesvar.
  • Ukase on the sale of 800  000 free peasants in Russia.
  • 12,5 million inhabitants in Ukraine (21 million in 1796. The cereal production increases.
  • Census with the Japan (of the nonnoble people).

Births in 1721

Death in 1721

Easter Day

Be-X-old: 1721 Map-bms: 1721 Simple: 1721 Zh-yue: 1721 年

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