1653

This page relates to the year 1653 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

America

February 2nd: Foundation of the town of New York by the Netherlander Peter Stuyvesant, under the name of “New Amsterdam”.
September 22nd, Quebec: Maisonneuve returns from France with 100 soldiers engaged to defend Montreal against the Iroquois.

Arrived of Marguerite Bourgeoys at the Canada), come to open a school. She writes that in Quebec all so poor that is done pity. On its arrival in Montreal, it does not find children of school age because of the strong infant mortality.

Brazil: Protests abolitionist of the Jesuit António Vieira.
Fine of the Dutch occupation of the Brazil (1653 - 1654).

Africa

the sultan of Oman assistance Zanzibar and Pemba in a revolt against the Portuguese.

Asia

China: The corsair Ming Koxinga establishes a base in the island of Xiamen, with the Fujian.
Visit with Beijing of the Dalaï LAMA come to give the nomination to the news Dynasty Qing.
With the Vietnam, the king Cham of Ba Thâm is subjected. Chua Hiên leaves him a territory reduced to the north of which it creates the district of Khanh Hoa.
Joan Maetsuyker becomes general governor of the Dutch Compagnie of the Eastern Indies (fine in 1678).
Establishment Dutch with Chinsura (India).
the Netherlanders control Colombo (Ceylon).

Europe

January: Swiss agitation of the peasants S of the Entlebuch following the devaluation of Batzen, the copper currency of Bern. The war of the peasants bursts in Suisse.
18 - February 20th: English naval Victoire on the United Provinces with the Battle the Three Days.
February 21st: Died of Adriaan Pauw. Jean de Witt (1625 - 1672) becomes Large-boarder with the United Provinces.
March 13rd: Dutch Victoire on England with broad of the isle of Elba (battles of Leghorn or Leghorn).
April 20th: Oliver Cromwell dissolves the Parlement tail (Rump) and creates the Parlement Barebone which is unable to work out a constitution (July-December).
April 23rd: The peasants Suisse S meet in Sumiswald.
April 27th: Rendering of the last forces Royalist be in Ireland. End of the Conquest cromwellienne of Ireland.
May 8th: Defeat of the prince de Moldavie Basile the Wolf in Valachie. It is deposited by the boyards. The Moldavie is controlled by Greek Hospodar S Phanariotes of Constantinople which are devoted to a systematic plundering of principality (Mavrocordatos, Cantacuzène, Catargi, Rosetti, etc).
May 31st: Meeting of the Diet of Empire to Ratisbon. Ferdinand de Habsbourg is elected king of the Romans (crowned the June 18th).
3 - June 9th: The peasants Suisse S fight with Wohlenschwil (June 3rd) with Gisikon (June 5th) and with Herzogenbuchsee (June 9th) the forces of the diet. The disorders end in September.
June 23rd: English naval Victoire on the United Provinces with Gabbard Shoal.
8 - August 10th: English naval Victoire on the United Provinces with the Battle of Scheveningen, last of the First War anglo-Dutchwoman.
August 27th: Execution with Bern of the Swiss country leader Niklaus Leuenberger. He is decapitated and dismembered (September 6th).
August: The Cossack Zaporogue Bogdan Khmelnitski request assistance of the tsar via the patriarch Nikita Nikon. The Zemski sobor accepts the intervention in spite of the peace signed with the Poland ( October). Alexis Ier confirms the old rights of the cossacks (administrative autonomy and free choice of the Hetman).
December 16th: Beginning in England of the dictatorship of Oliver Cromwell which is proclaimed Lord Protecteur England, of Scotland and Ireland (fine in 1658).

After a new purging, the most preserving members of Parliament write the Instrument of Government , the first and the last written constitution that will know the England. The executive power returns in Cromwell as a protective Lord elected official to life. A Parliament monocaméral, indicated for three years by the vote censitaire (more 200£ of tax), only has the legislative power. The mode is a true dictatorship, being pressed on a standing army of 40 000 men.

Bad harvest, causing disorders in several areas of Sweden. In the Närke, revolted peasants elect a king who will be quartered with Stockholm.
Plague and Famine in Ireland (fine in 1655).
the tsar of Russia Alexis Ier cease to convene regularly the Zemski sobor.
In England, rejection of the petitions of the Levelling and imprisonment of their chiefs.

France

Religion

May 30th: Bulle Cum causes : The pope condemns the five proposals on the grace contained in the book of Jansénius, the Augustinus .
Without taking account of the decisions of the council, Nikita Nikon makes appear an amended edition of the psautier (synod of Moscow). The traditionalists protest near the tsar, who makes reprint the Nomocanon . The archpriest Avvakoum, who opposes the reform, is stopped and off-set in Siberia.

Art & culture

March 16th: Jean-Baptiste Lully is named type-setter of the instrumental music of the room of the king .
May 27th: Discovered tomb of Childéric Ier with Turned.
Epigram of Guillaume Colletet.
Thoughtless the , part of Molière.

Births in 1653

January 12th: Antonio Maria Salvini, writer, Poet and Philologist Italy N. († 16 or May 17th 1729).
February 17th: Arcangelo Corelli, violonist, Italian type-setter
June 1st: Georg Muffat, organist, German type-setter
June 28th: Andre Hercules de Fleury, cardinal, tutor and principal minister of Louis XV (death in 1743).
September 1st: Johann Pachelbel, organist, German type-setter
November 11th: Carlo Ruzzini, diplomatic Italian and Doge de Venise. († January 5th 1735).

Death in 1653

January 2nd: Vieuville, superintendent. It is replaced by Nicolas Foucquet and Abel Servien.
February 19th: Luigi Rossi, Italian musician, organist with the church Saint-Louis-of-French of Rome.
July 7th: Christian Schybi, leader the War of the peasants of 1653, carried out.
July 10th: Gabriel Naudé, doctor, historian and bibliographer, librarian of Mazarin (1600 -1653).
August 27th: Niklaus Leuenberger, leader the War of the peasants of 1653, carried out.
October 25th: Théophraste Renaudot . Precursor of the press in France.

Easter Day

April 13rd: Easter Sunday

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