1638

This page relates to the year 1638 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

February 20th: Philippe de Lonvilliers de Poincy becomes lieutenant-general of the islands of Americas for the king of France.
March 29th: Foundation of the News-Sweden, Swedish colony on banks of the Delaware.
Mars: Anne Hutchinson is banished Colonie of bay of Massachusetts for heresy. It leaves for the Rhode Island.
April 3rd: John Wheelwright, exiled Boston, founds Exeter (New Hampshire).
September 21st: Treaty of Hartford; end of the war against Pequots in New England (Connecticut). Pequots survivors are sold like slaves. The language and the use of the name Pequot become outlaw in the English colonies.

Development of the Slavery of the Blacks in the plantations of tobacco in Virginia. “White slaves”, or indented serving , also work there: the ship-owners pay the voyage to these immigrants who serve five years in the plantations then n the other hand receive 50 acres of grounds, the tools and the seeds.
Scientific exhibition of Willem Piso in Brazil.
Attempt at colonization with 217 colonists with Tobago.

Dutch colonizes Maurice.
Norman the François Cauche explores the interior of Madagascar during four years.
First establishment French fixes at the mouth of the Senegal (point of Bieurt).
Morocco: Mulay Mohammed, chief of the chorfa Alawites of the Tafilalet extends its power until Laghouat and around Tlemcen. But the Turks oblige it to withdraw themselves in on this side Tafna.

April 15th: The troops of the Shogun definitively crush the Rébellion of Shimabara.
the Shogun Iemitsu Tokugawa prohibits the construction of ships to the Japan.
Departure of many Japanese Christians with Macao.

June 27th: The patriarch Cyrille Loukaris is relieved and strangled on order of the sultan for high treason.

the Othoman of Murat IV take Baghdad with the shah of Perse.
Disappearance of the Devchirmé in the Ottoman Empire (recruitment of Christian children converted with the Islam for the body of the Janissary S).

February 28th: Movement covenantaire in Scotland: the signatories of the Covenant National commit themselves defending the Presbytérianisme against any foreign interference. The “war of the bishops” (Bishops' War) which follows turns to the advantage of the Scot.

March 3rd: Victoire of the French led by Bernard of Saxony-Weimar on the imperial ones to the Battle of Rheinfelden.
March 5th: Treated Hamburg between the France and the Sweden which ratifies the treaty of Wismar of 1636.
June 20th: Spanish Victoire on the Dutch with the Battle of Kallo.

August 22nd: Battle of Guetaria; naval victory of Henri d' Escoubleau de Sourdis over the Spaniards in the Atlantic .
September 1st: French naval Victoire on Spain with the Battle of Vado close to Genoa.
September 7th: French defeat with the Battle of Fuenterrabía in the Basque Country.
October 4th: Charles-Emmanuel II of Savoy (1634 - 1675) becomes duke of Savoy under the regency of his/her mother Christine of France.
September 14th: Resumption of the Catelet in the north of Saint-Quentin by France.
17 - December 19th: Bernard of Saxony-Weimar takes Brisach and controls all the interior Austria.

Christine of France (Mrs Royale), regent of Savoy, sign a treaty of alliance with his/her brother Louis XIII for François-Hyacinthe of Savoy, renewed in 1639 for Charles-Emmanuel II of Savoy.
Victorious of the revolted Cossacks, the Poles make build by the French engineer Guillaume Levasseur de Beauplan a fortress, Kudak, upstream of the rapids of the Dniepr in order to supervise them.
the Turkish army is put in rout in front of Vienna.
Venetian Victoire on Algiers with the Battle of Valona

January: The Recluses, installed with Port-Royal-of-Fields are dispersed and take refuge in the Saint-Jacob suburb then with Ferté-Milon.
February 10th: The very Christian king dedicates the kingdom of France to the Vierge by an legislative act.
May 7th: Arrest of Claude Seguenot, author of a comment of the Of virginitate of Holy Augustin.
the Jansenist Jean Duvergier de Hauranne, abbot of Saint-Cyran, is opposed in a violent one lampoon to the foreign and religious politics of Richelieu
May 14th: Jean Duvergier de Hauranne, chief of the devout party is locked up with the keep of Vincennes on order of Richelieu (where it remains until the death of this last in 1642).
December 18th: Mazarin becomes the main thing advised of Richelieu with died of François Joseph the Clerk of Tremblay, marquis de Maffliers, said the Father Joseph (1577-1638).

Mr Vincent work in favor of the found children.
Poland: Closing of the temple, the school and printing works socinienne (Sozzini) antitrinitaire of Rakow, close to Sandomir, by the bishop.
with Ham-on-Hour, in Belgium, foundation of the procession dedicated to Holy Roch (Steps of the Between-Sambre-and-Meuse), celebrated Sunday after the August 15th.

Galileo founds the Physique Mécanique, a new science, and exposes the principles in a work of them.

Memories of wise and royal œconomies of Estat of Sully. Sully publishes its “Grand Intention”. It is a question of creating a “association of fraternity of weapons and interests between several great potentates” able to make reign peace between Christians “to preserve and increase Christendom”.
Istanbul account a million inhabitant including 40% of not-Moslems.

January 1st: Antoinette of Ligier of the Guard, Mrs Deshoulières, French woman of letters
January 7th: Philippo Buonanni, Jesuit, Scientific and Collection nor Italy N († 1725).
January 10th: Nicolas Sténon, anatomist and geologist of Danish origin († November 26th 1686)
September 5th: Louis XIV, king de France, wire of Louis XIII.

nonwell informed or unknown Dates

Dom Pérignon, Benedictine, father of the Champagne (baptized the January 5th 1639).
Gerrit Berckheyde, Dutch painter, died in 1698.

May 6th: Cornelius Jansen, Dutch theologist, archbishop of Ypres and professor with Leuwen, founder of the Jansénisme. (° the October 28th 1585).
September: John Wilbye (1574-1638), English type-setter.
October 4th: The small duke François-Hyacinthe of Savoy.
Jacques Blanchard, French painter (Paris, 1600 -1638).

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