1634

This page relates to the year 1634 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

America

  • July 4th: Foundation of Three-Rivers by Nicolas Goupil, sior of the Violet to the Canada.
  • August: The Netherlanders take Curaçao in the the Antilles and exploit natural saline deposits there. The island, strengthened, becomes the base of the Compagnie Dutchwoman of the Western Indies and smuggling with the Spanish colonies.

  • the French explorer Jean Nicolet explores the Lake Michigan and the territory of the Wisconsin.
  • the colony of Massachusetts with Boston for capital becomes the center of puritan America. The colonists live in organized communities (towns), with a system connected with the church congregationalist, animated by the Council of Old. They refuse the episcopal hierarchy, refuse the civil authority on the Church. The Churches multiply, and the religious community exerts a strong influence on the daily life: wearing of clothing dark, comfortable but stripped of any luxurious ornament, reserved attitude, assiduity with work, prohibition of the dance, the plays, the society gatherings, obligatory assistance with the Sunday worships, sanctification of Sunday.
  • French Establishment with Cayenne.

Africa

  • Algiers is dominated by two rival groups, the militia of the Janissaire S Turkish (odjak), composed of 22  000 men in 1634 and the taïfa of the rays (corporation of the captains corsairs).
    • the of Algiers fleet counts 70 round boats, all captured at sea. The rays capture isolated trading vessels, which they bring to Algiers where the catches are sold with the auction. The prisoners are returned against ransom. Their religion is respected.

Asia

  • Victoire of the Manchu troops on the Mongolian . Lingdan must flee and dies shortly after. His/her son also will be overcome and killed by the Manchus. Several khanat of southernmost Mongolia is subjected by the Manchus, and three khans Khalkha S, hitherto remained with the variation of the conflict, send present to the Manchu emperor Abaqaï.

  • Erdeni-Baatour-kongtaïdji, resulting from the clan of the Tchoros, is made proclaim emperor of Dzoungarie (fine in 1665) and founds a new empire Oïrat having a great military force.

  • Put at the step of the Japanese nobility, whose daily life is regulated by the edict of Sankin Kotaï, under the Shogunat of the emperor Tokugawa

The Middle East

Europe

  • exceptionally hot Years in Germany of the South (1634-1637).

  • the Peste extends from the south-east of the Germany towards the west and the south.

  • the French occupy Colmar.
  • Beginning of the War Ten Year old (Franche-Comté)
  • Constitution of the Council of Regency dominated by the Aristocracy and the clan Oxenstierna in Sweden.

France

  • the Père Joseph becomes member of the Council of the king.
  • Hugo Grotius becomes ambassador of France in Sweden.
  • Investigation into the usurpations of nobility.
  • Construction of a new enclosure with Paris (1634-1637).

  • the total budgetary expenditure passes from 66 million books maximum per annum before 1633 to nearly 114 million (1634 - 1656). She result in considerable deficits (73 million per annum on average, is triple of the previous period).

  • Doubly of the size S to finance the war. Very quickly, the provinces appear unable to get the sums required. Forced means of covering are instituted (seized, imprisonments, housing of garrisons among debtors). To face the expiries, the council must borrow near approximately 4000 financial to which the receipt of the tax is left with lease (treating), which joins between them to cover the taxes (in favor). The opinion with the impression that the sizes are diverted and are used only for private projects.

Art & culture

  • Foundation of the French Academy by Richelieu (or January 1635).
  • Treated predestination of Amyraut.

See also: 1634 with the theater

  • Jacques the Draper builds the Palate-Cardinal (Palais Royal).

  • Gaston of Orleans charges François Mansart with rebuilding the castle of Blois.
  • Reception of the duke of Longueville in the order of the Holy Spirit , fabric of Philippe de Champaigne.
  • Aubin Vouet and Jean Bertrand signs a contract for paintings of the vault of the castle-Old man of Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer.
  • Worship of Golden calf , fabric of Chick.
  • Velasquez paints the Reddition of Breda .
  • Portraits of Saskia in Flora (1634 and 1635) and Portrait of Saskia of profile , Rembrandt.

Science & technology

  • Translation of the Méchaniques of Galileo in French by Mersenne.
  • Descartes, which received the previous year the treaty of Galileo, gives up publishing the Traité world and light , which will be published only in 1664.

Births in 1634

Death in 1634

Easter Day

Be-X-old: 1634 Map-bms: 1634 Simple: 1634

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