1620

This page relates to the year 1620 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

America

  • December 21st: Arrived on the Mayflower , taken in the storm, the Pilgrim Fathers , 102 Puritain S English unload in America (New England), with Cape Cod and found the colony of Plymouth, first city of the Massachusetts, out of the concession granted by the king (1622). These Pilgrim' S fathers (35 in all) had to flee Nottingham (1608), to be established with Leyde in the United Provinces. They sign an agreement, the Compact one of Mayflower, which is at the base of a democracy calvinienne.
    • Eighteen married women arrive with the Mayflower. Three of them are pregnant, of which one which is confined of a child still-born child on board boat. In spring 1621, only four of these women still live.

  • Voyage of the Dane Jens Munk with the research of the “road of the North-West”. It remains during the winter in the Hudson Bay, where almost all its sailors perish. It succeeds in regaining the Denmark with three survivors ( September).
  • Organization of a new company in News-France dominated by the personality of the brothers of Caen.
  • the English take the Barbados and St Lucia.
  • Buenos Aires becomes évêché.

Africa

  • Angola: The Portuguese capture the Ngola Ndongo. His/her sister, Jinga of Matamba, request peace and converts with the Catholicisme.
  • Of the French ships visits Madagascar.

Asia

  • the Danish Compagnie of the Eastern Indies install a commercial counter with Tranquebar in India.
  • Taken fortress of Kangra, in the the Himalayas, by the Empire moghol.
  • the Dutchmen complete the conquest of the Portuguese counters of the West Indies.
  • Division of the Dai-Vietnamese soldier in two strongholds: Trinh in north and Nguyễn in the south.
  • Arrived of the German Jesuit Adam Shall (1591-1666) in China. It will fill with wonder the court at the Ming by predicting the eclipse of the sun of the October 8th 1623. It becomes famous Mandarin, Maître of the secrecies of the Sky, under the name of Tang Io Wang.
  • Foundation of Iénisseïsk in Siberia.

The Middle East

  • Peace between Othoman Persians the which give up the Karabagh with the Perse. The area is divided into five Armenian principalities (Gulistan, Djraberd, Khatchen, Varanda and Tizak) which preserve autonomy under the control of their lords ( melik ). These principalities, last refuge of Armenian independence, are maintained until the 18th century.

Europe

  • November 8th: Battle of the White Mountain, close to Prague. The forces of the Catholic Ligue under the command of Tilly are victorious on the forces of Bohemia carried out by Frederic V. The two armies include/understand approximately 20  000 men each one. In two hours, all is finished and 1600 men remain on the battle fields.
    • Sigismond III Vasa gives an opinion at the sides of the Habsbourg at the time of the Guerre Thirty Year old. It sends mercenaries in front of Vienna besieged by Frederic V of Palatinat, prince de Transylvanie, facilitating the victory of Tilly to the Bataille of the White Mountain.
    • the imperial army goes up since Linz, made to Pilsen its junction with the Bavarian ones and is presented in front of Prague.
  • November 9th: The imperial ones enter Prague. Bohemia becomes under the direct domination of the emperor Ferdinand II which names Charles of Liechtenstein, protesting converted, general lieutenant. The country undergoes a hard repression on the political plan and monk (language and imposed German culture, heredity of the crown at the house of Austria). Frederic V, who east flees after the battle, continues the fight in his stronghold of the Palatinat.
  • November 16th: The Jésuite S entirely take charges with it the Faculty of Arts and Social sciences and partly the faculty of theology of the Université Albertina with Freiburg-in-Brisgau.

France

  • January: On the council of Pierre Jeannin and Brulart de Puisieux, Louis XIII replaces the military aid granted to Ferdinand II by an embassy in charge of a mission of mediation led by the duke of Angouleme.
  • Mars: Secession of Large.
  • July: Second war of the mother and the son.
  • August 7th: Marie de Médicis is beaten by his/her son with the Bataille of the Bridge-of-C (southern suburb of Angers on the Loire).
  • August 10th: Treaty of Angers between Luynes and the large ones revolted.
  • August 16th: Victoire of the royal troops on those of the revolt of the princes.
  • October 1st: Synod of the reformed Churches with Ales, which receives and adopts the Canons of Dordrecht, in spite of the absence of French delegation to the synod.
  • October: Countryside of Béarn, started by a conflict in connection with the practice of the catholic worship in Béarn. Louis XIII enters to Pau.
  • October 19th: Fastening of the Viscount of Béarn and the Low-Navarre to the crown of France (Pau). Parliament of Pau. Restoration of Catholicism in Béarn.
  • November: Marie de Médicis returns to Paris.
  • December 25th: The Protestant assembled of La Rochelle decides catch of weapon of the eight circles of the left huguenot.

Religion

  • Installation of the congregation of the ecclesiastical immunity, charged with making respect the privileges of the Church and the congregation of propaganda (1622), responsible for the propagation of the catholic faith in the whole world.
  • Foundation of the first Seminar diocesan, street Saint-Jacob with Paris.
  • Jean Duvergier de Hauranne becomes abbot of Saint-Cyran.
  • Birth of the movement of the “Collégiants” with Rijnsburg (Netherlands).
  • Cyrille Loukaris becomes patriarch of Constantinople (fine in 1638).

Art & culture

  • Circle of Miss de Gournay (1620 - 1640).
  • Circle of the brothers Of Puy, “libertinage scholar “(1620-1650).
  • Living room of Catherine de Vivonne with the hotel of Rambouillet.
  • Translation in French of Guzman de Alfarache of Mateo Alemán by Jean Chaplain.
  • Exil of Clutched of Aubigné to Geneva.
  • the Philosophe English Francis Bacon publishes Novum Organum ( The New Organon ) which treats role of the experiment.
  • Creation of weekly gazettes to the United Provinces.
  • Appearance of the Baroque art in Austria.

See also: 1620 in literature, 1620 with the theater

Science & technology

Economy & company

  • Stability, then lowers prices in Europe (1620 - 1629). Interest rates fall from 10% in XVIe century to 5,5%.
  • Diminution in the American money arrivals in Spain (481 tons per annum on average between 1500 and 1620, then 386 tons between 1620 and 1720).
  • Deficit of the trade balance in Spain: the cover of the imports is only of 50% in value.

Births in 1620

Death in 1620

Easter Day

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Be-X-old: 1620 Map-bms: 1620 Simple: 1620

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