1619

This page relates to the year 1619 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

America

  • July 30th: First representative assembly in Virginia (Room of the middle-class men).
  • August: The Dutch boats transport the first black slaves towards the colony of Virginia. A score of blacks are sold with Jamestown.

  • Arrived at Jamestown of ninety women, “ young graduates pleasant and pure, sold with their assent like wives to the colonists for price of their crossing ”.

Asia

  • Mars: Victoire of the Manchu chief Nurhaci on the Dynasty Ming with the Battle of Sarhu.
  • China: Revolts in province.
  • the Dutchmen settle with Taiwan and take possession of the islands Pescadores (Penghu).
  • India: The English have counters with Surat, Agra, Ahmedabad and Broach (Bharuch, Gujarat).

Indonesia

  • May 28th: The Dutchmen establish a base with Batavia, in the the Eastern Indies.
  • Jan Pieterszoon Coen becomes general governor of the Compagnie Dutchwoman of the Eastern Indies (1619 - 1623 and 1627 - 1629). It is in favor to occupy indeed certain territories, to establish of the Dutchmen as colonists, and to add to the trade with Europe the trade with the various countries of Asia.
    • When it arrives in Indonesia, the situation is delicate. The inhabitants of the Moluques support the requirements of the Company badly. The counter of Japara (Java) was attacked and destroyed by the army of the prince of Mataram. For Banten, it was necessary to stop all the purchases of pepper and to threaten to transport foreign post in Jakatra (Jakarta) cause a drop in the price of pepper. The English, supported by the local, vassal prince of the sultan of Banten, attack Dutch in their strengthened store of Jakatra. Coen must go to seek reinforcements in Moluques. On its return it releases the fortress, destroys the city indigenous and its mosque and built Batavia on its ruins (May 28th).
  • July 16th: The Dutchmen sign an agreement with the English to share the exploitation of the Indonesia. They seek to isolate the indigenous sales network from international trade route. Batavia is populated of Chinese, Malais, Macassars, Balinese and Filipinos of Luçon…
  • the Netherlands dispute the Malaysia with the Portuguese. The Company of the Eastern Indies Dutch, based in Batavia (Jakarta), intercepts the Portuguese trade.

Europe

  • May 12th: Johan van Oldenbarnevelt and Hugo de Groot ( Grotius ) is condemned for treason. Grotius is imprisoned with Louvestein.
  • May 13rd: Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is decapitated with $the Hague.
  • June 2nd: Released by the Poles, the father of the tsar, Fédor Romanov (Philarète) are elected patriarch and second his son in the exercise of the capacity (1619 - 1633). They attempt to pacify the country.
  • June, Russia: The Zemski sobor makes important decisions: inventory of the taxable grounds, encouragement with the return of the peasants in escape, repression of the abuses made by the civils servant, reforms provincial administration (assembled elected), national budget.

  • a band of Cosaque S Zaporogue S attacks the Othoman port of Varna; the sultan breaks at once the “perpetual peace” of 1533 with the Poland.

Saint Worsens

  • June 10th: Victoire of the catholics on the Protestants with the Battle of Sablat, in Bohemia.
  • August 26th: Bohêmiens deposit Ferdinand II and elect Frederic V as king.
    • the States of Bohemia send their troops to attack Vienna, cash on the support of the Protestants of Low-Austria. Vienna is put in defense and Ferdinand faces. The Elector Palatine Frederic V, pushed by his wife Elisabeth Stuart, girl of Jacques Ier of England, takes the head of the protesting party then accepts the crown of removed Bohemia with Ferdinand de Styrie by the Czech nobility revolted (August). The Diet of Bohemia is combined to prince de Transylvanie, Gabor Bethlen.

  • November 4th: the Elector Palatine joined his new kingdom with part of the armies of the evangelic Union and is crowned with Prague (fine in 1620).

    • the emperor receives the support of the duke of Bavaria, chief of the catholic Ligue and the voter of Saxony, however protesting, which receives the Lusace in reward. Frederic V tries to reorganize the army and to put order in the administration of Bohemia, but runs up against the Lutherans who are wary of a calvinist. He entrusts the command of the army to the count Mathias de Thorn and to Ernest de Mansfeld. The army of the empire is ordered by the count de Bucquoy, of a family of the Artois, and by the count of Tilly, of a family of the the Brabant.

France

  • the king sends a military aid to the emperor Ferdinand II against its Protestant adversaries.

Religion

Art & culture

Science & technology

  • the German Astronome Johannes Kepler postulates the existence of a solar wind to explain the direction of the tail of comets. It publishes its principal work the Harmony of the World containing the third law on the planetary movement: the cube of the distance between a planet and the sun divided by the orbital period of this planet squared are a constant and are the same one for all planets.

Economy & company

  • Economic crisis in Europe (1619 - 1622).
  • Foundation of the bank of State of Venice.
  • Foundation of the bank of Hamburg.
  • Organization of the monopoly of the export of copper in Sweden (1619 - 1628).

Births in 1619

Death in 1619

Easter Day

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