1570

This page relates to the year 1570 Calendrier Julien.

Events

Americas

  • Forwarding of Francis Drake against the Spanish colonies (1570 - 1572).
  • With the Brazil, a decree guarantees the freedom of the Indians, but the law and the will to apply it will not be sufficient to prevent violences which they will continue to undergo. The law makes it possible to the colonists to reduce the Indians in slavery only in the event of war right or at the request of the Indian or if there flees of a “ aldea ” and remains absent more than one year.

Asia & Indian world

  • July 30th, Japan: Victoire of the Daimyō Oda Nobunaga with the Battle of Anegawa.
  • With the Japan, the town of Nagasaki is opened with the foreign trade.
  • the Mongolian khan Altan makes peace with the Chinese.
  • Commercial relations between the China and the Spanish colonies of the Filipino .

The close East

Europe

  • January 23rd: The assassination of the Moray regent starts the Civil war in Scotland.
  • January 24th: Philippe II of Spain wife her niece the archduchess Anne.
  • February 24th: With Tolède, a Autodafé celebrates the visit of king d' Espagne and his young wife.
  • February 25th: Elisabeth Ire of England is excommunicated by the pope Pie V, who proclaims the need for his dismissal (bubble Regnans in Excelsis ). Its subjects are untied of their oath of fidelity.
  • April 14th, Poland: Agreement of Sandomierz on the peaceful coexistence of the religions. Reformed calvinists and Lutherans member with the same profession of faith known as of the synod of Sandomir.
  • July 2nd: Negotiation with Rome between the Spain and the the Holy See for the formation of the Holy League against the Turks.
  • August 16th: Treaty of Whorl creating a principality of Transylvania. Jean Sigismond gives up under king of Hungary for that of “prince of Transylvania” (fine in 1571).
  • December 13rd: Treaty of Stettin. Jean III Vasa puts an end to the war between the Sweden and the Denmark. Sweden loses the islands of Gotland and Ösel and must repurchase the port of Elfsborg, only access to interstitial waters towards the the North Sea.
    • Jean III Vasa converts with Roman Catholicism and is opposed to the nobility in its efforts to restore Catholicism in Sweden.
  • December 19th: Two ships charged with corn run in the port of Raguse following a storm.

  • country Revolt millenarist in Hungary, caused by the Anabaptists. Karácsony is stopped and carried out and revolts it crushed after having held to ransom Debrecen. The anabaptists take refuge in Transylvania.
  • the nobility controls the Church reformed in Hungary (1570 - 1575).
  • Reappearance of the Alumbrados (Enlightened) in Estrémadure then in Andalusia between 1570 and 1582.
  • Don Juan of Austria order the army against the Morisques revolted Grenade.

France

  • June 27th: Battle of Arnay-the-Duke. Gaspard de Coligny goes up the valley of the Rhone and stops the royal army with Arnay-the-Duke. He is established with Charity, prohibiting the access of the royal troops to the south of the kingdom. The Burgundian brotherhoods of the Holy Spirit, catholics, galvanize resistance to the “heresy”.

  • August 8th: Edict and Peace of lame Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer known as “and malassise”, signed by Catherine de Médicis, putting fine at the third war of religion: amnesties Protestants, freedom of conscience, worship and attribution of places of safety (La Rochelle, Cognac, Montauban, Charity). Gaspard de Coligny ensures the capacity.
    • Henri de Navarre which was distinguished with the battle from Arnay the Duke becomes the chief of the party calvinist under the supervision of Gaspard de Coligny.
    • Catherine de Médicis approaches to the England and the Empire. It negotiates with Elisabeth Ire of England so that it marries her son Henri of Anjou. She thinks of reforming the Catholic church. She rests on Anjou, her favorite son, on the Italian advisers (Gondi, Nevers, Birague) and the centrists (François de Montmorency, Laubespine, Morvilliers).
  • October 4th: Marriage of Henri Ier de Guise, known as the Gash , 3rd duke of Own way, with Catherine de Clèves, countess of Have and princess of Castle-Renault, girl of François Ier, duke of Nevers.
  • November 26th: Charles IX of France wife the Elisabeth, youngest of the girls of the emperor of Austria.
  • December 2nd: Believed of the the Rhone in Lyon.

Russia

  • January 9th - February 12th: massacre thousands of citizens of Novgorod perprétés by the opritchnicki of Ivan the Terrible.
  • In May, the Rokita Czech, follower of the union of the Brothers of Bohemia, holds a public conference with the tsar on the compared merits of the Réforme and the Orthodoxie.
  • June: A Dieppois ship, the Hope, going to Narva, east seizes by pseudo-cosaires dantzicois.

  • Embassy of Novossiltsof to Constantinople. The relationship with the Turks improves.
  • Bad harvest. The devastations of the opritchnicki , the tax levies complete to exhaust the farming community. During the winter 1570 - 1571, food shortages, famines and epidemics devastate the country and cause revolts.

Religion

  • July 14th: with Rome, Black and white V, by the bubble Quo Primum founds the Rite tridentin in the catholic liturgy .
  • Philippe Melanchthon and his disciples the philippists are driven out Université of Wittenberg because they sought an average way between theology Lutheran and Catholicism tridentin.
  • With the Peru, the Indians remain faithful to their religious traditions and their language. They deterrent their death of the cemeteries to incinerate them according to their rites. Outside, they conform to the Christian uses, but preserve theirs while raising, if it is needed, a cross on their own crowned places. They represent Christianity like a kind of idolatry. They continue to have social practices based on principles of reciprocity.

Arts & cultures

  • the Jésuite P. of Ledesma works out with Rome a programme of study for the colleges of the company ( Ordo studiorum ). The Clavius father organizes scientific teaching.

  • Nicholas Hilliard paints a famous miniature of the queen Elisabeth Ire of England.

  • the Crowning of spines , fabric of the Titien (v.1570-1571).
  • Music of G. Costeley, collection of songs.

Sciences & technology

  • Andrea Palladio publishes its Four Books of Architecture .
  • Giordano Bruno sign which the world is mû by internal forces and not by an external power.
  • May 20th: Publication of the Atlas of Ortelius ( Theatrum Orbid Terrarum ), first modern atlas.

Economy & company

  • Importance of Marseilles in the Tyrrhenian Sea, due to the capitulations of 1569 and the war of 1570 - 1573 which immobilizes Venice (part of the German trade diverts via Lyon and Marseilles).
  • In Austria, Maximilien II encourages the transformation of the grounds of the reserve rented by the lord into censives.
  • Italy: Cleansing in the Valle di Ambrogio (delta of the Po) of the large bonifica estense , under the impulse of the duke of Ferrare.
  • Export attested of Rice of Lombardy towards Genoa.
  • the barbaresque corsairs make 76  000 ducats of catches (wine and oil) in the Adriatic .
  • Genoa becomes as from the years 1570 - 1580 the center of redistribution of the money of America.

Births in 1570

Death in 1570

Be-X-old: 1570 Map-bms: 1570

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