1078

This page relates to the year 1078 Calendrier Julien.

Events

the Turcoman Atsiz, threatened by the Fatimides with Damas, calls Malik Shah Ier with his assistance which sends his/her brother Tutuch to him who rectifies the situation. Atsiz is killed by Tutuch which founds the dynasty Saljûqide of Syria (fine in 1117) and proclaims sultan of Damas (fine in 1095). Tutuch takes Jerusalem, Jaffa and Saïda;
Suleyman ibn Kutulmuch takes Nicée with the Byzantines. Master of banks of Propontide and the the Bosphorus, it founds the dynasty Saljûqide of Rum (fine in 1308);
the Byzantine Empire is threatened. The Turks form from now on a mass of operation close to Constantinople, with provision of all the ambitious ones: Nicéphore Bryenne involves them in Europe; in Asia, Nicéphore Mélissénos gives them access to the Galatie and the Phrygie where they settle for the first time in the cities.

March 31st: Beginning of the reign of Nicéphore III Botaniatès, Byzantine Emperor (fine in 1081):

the general Nicéphore Botanéiatès revolts in Asia Mineure. Michel VII fact call to the son of Kutulmuch, a cousin of the Saljûqide Alp Arslan, which passes almost at once to the party of the usurper. Michel VII abdicates and is named archbishop of Éphèse. Nicéphore marries his wife Marie d' Alanie and replaces it. It is maintained thanks to the military skill of Alexis Comnène;
Marie d' Alanie adopts Alexis Comnène in order to make of it the guard of its son Constantin Doukas and to protect its rights to the throne Nicéphore face. Marie and Alexis are probably lovers.
the Pape Gregoire VII excommunicates Nicéphore III Botaniatès as of its accession with the throne (it had excellent relations with Michel VII and considered already the principle of a military forwarding in the East).

October 3rd: Beginning of the reign of Vsevolod Ier, prince of Kiev (fine in 1093);
Hugues, Duke of Burgundy, intervenes in Spain;
Revolt of Robert Courteheuse against his father William the Conqueror at the instigation of Philippe Ier de France;
Revolt of the Polish aristocracy supported by the emperor Henri IV.

Wandering S, the Turks is unaware of the private property. The whole of the conquered grounds is regarded as a collective ownership. In Minor Asia, the Byzantine system was completely diluted during the invasion. The disappearance of the great landowners is regarded as a delivery by the peasants, who adherent with the new mode. During the 12th century, much of Christians, tried by these more liberal conditions, leave the Greek empire for the Sultanat of Rum.

Beginning of the construction of the Turn of London in England (fine in 1097);
Proslogium of holy Anselme whose second chapter presents the theory known to the 18th century like the ontological proof of the existence of God.

April 5th: Richard Ier d' Aversa;
October 3rd: Iziaslav Ier, prince of Kiev, assassinated by its nephew, Oleg Sviatoslavitch of Tchernigov;
Michel Psellos, professor at the university of Constantinople, (born in 1018), renovating of Platonic philosophy, main of Bessarion. Author of the Chronographie (chronic of 976 with 1077), the Funeral orations , the Teaching varied and the Correspondence (or 1079).

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