1071

This page relates to the year 1071 Calendrier Julien.

Events

August 26th: The Byzantine army of the emperor Romain IV Diogène attacks that of the Turks of the sultan seldjoukide Alp Arslan, but is overcome with the Bataille of Manzikert. Romain IV Diogène, captive fact, are retained until it signs a very unfavourable peace with the Byzantine , since they lose the Asia Mineure.

the sultan Alp Arslan after Mantzikert does not find in front of him any defense any more. But its goal is the reunification of the Muslim world by the conquest of Egypt Fatimide, and the war in Anatolia can only block it in this company. It is thus shown moderate while imposing on Romain IV Diogène, in addition to the payment of a tribute out of gold and troop, the transfer of the fortresses of Arménie (Manzikert, Argish), of Djézira (Edesse) and of Syria of North (Antioche). He only seeks to consolidate the traditional border of Islam, overflowed by Byzance after 970.
In fact, is the internal convulsions of Byzance which install definitively the Turks in Anatolia: Romain IV is détrôné by Michel VII Doukas in 1072, which makes null and void the provisions of 1071. The country is shaken ceaseless revolts, of which Latin protagonists, mercenaries like Robert Crispin and Roussel de Bailleul, or ambitious Greeks like Jean Doukas, are pressed in turn on the Turks who circulate then freely in Asia Mineure.

the Shiite Persan Hassan ibn Al-Sabbah, in front of the projection of the Sunnites in Iran, decides to settle in Egypt. It joined with the Cairo many integrist monks who wish to reform the Shiite caliphate and to be avenged for the Saljûqides sunnites. Nizar, the oldest son of the caliph fatimide takes the head of the movement.

Robert Guiscard takes Reggio and Bari (April 16th) with the Byzantines, whom it drives out of Italy of the South. He is Master of the duchy of Naples in entirety. Robert Guiscard, who does not hide his intention to invade Balkans, refuses twice (1072 and 1073), the proposals of the Byzantine diplomacy which proposes a matrimonial alliance to him.
the Normands are opposed to the communal movement in Sicily and in the South.

the Galicia is integrated into the Royaume of León - Castille.
March 22nd: Ceremony of the monastery of San Juan of Pena, sanctioning the Roman liturgy with the detriment of the Mozarab.

February 22nd: Robert the Clippings, Count de Flandre crushes the Franco-English army of the king Philippe Ier and of Arnoul III of Flanders in Flanders with the battles of the mount Cassel with the support of the Germanic emperor.
Robert Ier the Clippings usurps the Comté of Flanders (fine in 1093).
Philippe Ier wife Berthe of Holland.

Revolts directed by the wizards ( volkhvy ) with Souzdal. They are severely repressed by the princes.

Beginning of the reign of Michel VII Doukas Parapinakès, Byzantine Emperor (fine in 1078).

Romain IV, prisoner of the Saljûqides at the time of the Battle of Manzikert, is slackened against the promise of a ransom but his/her son-in-law Michel VII Doukas, who had seized the throne makes him burst the eyes and the cloister.
Pupil of Psellos, devoted to the theological studies, Michel VII leaves the businesses of state to its ministers.

the favorite of Michel VII, Niképhoritzès, establishes with Rhodosto the monopoly of the trade of corn. The monopoly disturbs the trade: the holders of corn who can it do not want to sell any more, bringing the increase and the scarcity. Crowd seizes the first occasion to destroy the warehouse ( phoundax ), seat of the monopoly.

With the Anatolia Byzance loses its leading vendor of wool and its textile industry seems from of much to have suffered at the time when the Italian fabrics seek new outlets in the East.

Map-bms: 1071 Simple: 1071

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